Botanical Garden RAS: Kei hea te reira? photo

kari Botanical o te whenua - te Russian Academy o Sciences N. V. Tsitsina whakaaro te nui rawa i roto i to tatou whenua, me te i roto i Europe. Last raumati, whakanuia e ia tona ta'u 70.

kōrero

Ko te mua hītori o te matatini kari huaota me te taonga. I waihangatia rite tuhituhia i roto i te tuhinga - 1945. Tenei tau, i runga i nga whenua o te USSR Academy o Sciences i te rohe o Ostankino Park, i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakarite i tētahi kari huaota hou.

400 tau i runga i te rohe o "Ostankino" whenua he ngahere te rapu, i roto i nei i reira i marara kainga. i te auraa ēnei wahi mo hopu Atawhenua me whanau te huntsmen kingi. Mai 1558 i roto i tenei whenua kua e kua amuamu Satinu Alekseyu Ivanom Groznym, ke maha rangatira.

Mai 1743 "Ostankino" haere ki te Sheremetievs ringa i roto i te faaipoiporaa o Pita Borisovich Princess Varvara Cherkassy. I muri i te katoa, riro te wahine heke mai he tapakuha o te rota o te whenua, tae atu ki te kāinga. I muri i te wa, te tiaki o tenei wahi ahurei haere ki to ratou tama Nikolai Sheremetev. whakamōhio te reira i te kanga ki runga ki karaihe, rakau tuanga, hopu, kato hua me harore, ka rapu utu mana kore ki te tīmata i roto i te uru raau "gulyalschikov".

I tohua te mutunga o te rau tau XIX i ngahere, kararehe whakakeke karaihe, whakangaromanga whakakeke o kararehe mohoao me nga manu.

I muri i te revolution, ture kua haere kati te tope o whakatokanga ngahere park taketake, e tino mahi noa i roto i te wa uaua o te whawhai, a ka ora tenei te whenua "Ostankino".

Plants kari

Botanical Garden RAS, rawa tona wahi pokapū, - ahurei rohe whenua ngahere rāhui. uru Free ki te uru raau i reira, ona oki i toharite e pā ana ki 160 nga tau, ahakoa i reira he tauira ahurei, e ki runga, ki te 300 tau. He birch, pereni, puruhi, me te ngaueue, pungarehu maunga, me ētahi atu rakau Kroon huna kanohi rakau nui :. Hazel, Buckthorn, rewarewa, muka rakau. Raro whāriki grassy o anemones i ahuareka ai, lungwort, rengarenga kakara, wiwi puhuruhuru, Chickweed, me etahi atu. Tupu ratou anake i roto i Aherimi oki, e kua mohio e te ngahere Russian pokapū paerewa whanui-tatu.

Katoa kohikohinga me te kari te rongo, me te taiao, me te rerehua hāngai ki tipu konei oki me wharua.

I teie mahana, te Botanical Garden Tsitsin RAS - he 331 heketea moni kohinga ahurei. Ko neke atu i te 18 000 ngā momo me ngā momo o te tipu i ngā wāhanga rerekē o to tatou paraneta tenei. I roto i te tau 1991, i roto i te huru e mea hakari o te kari huaota Russian matua te ingoa i muri i nui te kaitiaki huaota academician me rongonui, me te geneticist Nikolaya Vasilevicha Tsitsina, e arahina ratou ki neke atu i te 35 nga tau, i te ra tuatahi o tona turanga.

wehenga rohe

A, no te hanga koe i te mahi matua ki te whakaritenga kari o ngā whakaaturanga roto, o waho, e taea e rite te nui rite taea ki te haere tenei ranei taua wāhi tūturu. Hei tauira, ki te whakaatu tari i hanga nga otaota USSR:

- wāhanga Pākehā o te Union;

- Te Tai Tokerau Caucasus;

- Siberia rohe;

- Central Asia;

- Far Te Tai Rāwhiti.

I roto i ia o enei wāhanga kua hanga tikanga motuhake tata ki te mooni. Ko te hunga i: moenga motuhake i hanga onepu, kohatu, roto awa ranei ki te whakapiki ake i te haumākū, kapi ake te kiriata motuhake ranei. whakatokia katoa te otaota i roto i ngā e puta i roto i te āhua tūturu.

Botanical Garden o Russian Academy o Sciences mo te whakamātautau o ngā momo tipu hou, kua meinga hei wahi o te hanganga o te whakataki nesilií.

Mārakerake, ngā tenei ra, ka ingoa atu. Ratou whakatokia reira whakaaturia te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti, Siberia, Central Asia, Caucasus me Eastern Europe.

He wāhi nui i tenei ra, ka taea e kite koe i nga otaota Tundra, coniferous-te hōtoke, coniferous, ngahere coniferous, koraha, steppes me Marehekepa.

rapua e kato kohikohinga kari tango tika o ngā otaota i te natura. Ki tenei mutunga, mai 1946, i tonoa haerenga ki te ngā wāhi tūturu o te Soviet Union. utua whakarongo motuhake i momo onge ora noa ranei.

Kei te rerekē haere tonu kanorau Floristic o te kari. Rawa rerekē i te reira i roto i te tau 1990. I teie mahana, te kari ko te wahi o tangata RAS me manuhiri o te pa.

Manuhiri o te pa, te toro i te āhuatanga ngā o te whakapaipai, kia mohio ki te haere mai me te i roto i te Botanical Garden o RAS. Moscow, e tohu ana i te kari matua o te whenua, tuku kia kite ngā puaretanga whakato.

mahuta Mārakerake o Eastern Europe ko Central Asia, otaota

Tata ki 6 heketea o te otaota Tuhinga o Eastern Europe. Te reira i neke atu i te 300 ngā momo me ngā momo o te tipu: e pā ana ki 20 ngā momo o kai a Papatuanuku, āhua 30 ngā momo o ngā mauwha, me mo 200 ngā momo o te tipu herbaceous, te nuinga o nei puta mai i nga Carpathians.

Main Botanical Garden o Russian Academy o Sciences ko te matamua Tsitsin te rongo Central Asia otaota. I whakaturia te reira tata te aroaro o te whawhai i runga i te Hills Sparrow i te Moscow Botanical Garden o te USSR Academy o Sciences. I muri i te whawhai āta oho reira ki te wāhanga o otaota (kei roto i "Ostankino"). Otiia kua meinga reira wātea ki ngā manuhiri anake i roto i te tau 1953. Here anō matou huaota tūturu me ngā āhuatanga matawhenua. Rota o maunga, me te koraha whenua hanga i te uku wānanga. I roto i E whakaatu ana tenei rohe coniferous me ngahere te hōtoke, Marehekepa tipu me te subalpine, haerenga me pukepuke toka, a he maha ngā momo o ngā tipu te korehāhā. A feruri i te wahi nui o te whakaatu e taea e te kiriata horihori runga.

Mārakerake o ngā tipu o te Caucasus, Siberia me te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti

He wāhi o tata 2.5 heketea o whakaaturanga tipu e Caucasus. Ko reira neke atu i te 300 ngā momo o te tipu a Papatuanuku, tae atu 23 momo onge, me te korehāhā. E tū ratou i runga i te whenua maunga tāwhaiwhai me te mania ngahere.

Neke atu i te 200 ngā momo o te tipu i kohia i roto i te puaretanga o te otaota i roto i Siberia. O te whakaaturanga te aroaro konei neke atu i te 50 ngā momo whakaaro korehāhā onge ranei.

Ko tētahi o te tino mīharo kohikohinga - mahuta whakaaturanga o te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti. Kei Tata 400 momo o tenei rohe i roto i te rohe o 8.5 heketea.

wāhi kaupapa GBS (Main Botanical Garden)

Botanical Garden o Russian Academy o Sciences i 1950, mutu te hanga o te faaiteraa o otaota mohoao whai hua. pātītī te koiora katoa whakatokia tupuke, i roto i te tata, tangohia i te taiao. He maha ngā momo o tenei te rongo o ngā mauwha me rakau. Ngā, e hāngai ana hianga me te whakatō tipu rōpū i hanga ki runga o ratou whakarōpū i te mara o ratou tono te.

Ko te wahi tuatahi - ko te faufaa hinu, rongoa me insecticidal otaota. E ratou he pānga i runga i te mahi ngā i roto i te tangata ranei kararehe, me te riro āhuatanga paitini.

Ko te wāhanga tuarua - te tipu arotahi hangarau. Tenei muka, tae me te tanning. Taua tipu i mua, a kua whakamahia nei i roto i te ahumahi.

Ko te wahi tuatoru - kai me te honi. Plants e Forage mō kararehe tara ā (tarutaru, matie, e hepara).

Ko te wahi tuawha - tipu kai momo. E hangaia ratou ki te tautoko i te rauropi tangata. Tenei huaora, te hā, kakara, tea me te nastoechnye.

Arboretum

whakaora Botanical Garden N. V. Tsitsina RAS e pā ana ki 1700 rakau, me te rakau riki momo. E kohia ana ratou i roto i te rohe o te Arboretum (i runga i 75 heketea). hanga Botanical Garden o Russian Academy o Sciences i rite ki te momo o te whenua o te papa rēhia, e ko, e systematized otaota. he ataahua i roto i te tīmatanga o te puna ki te hinga rau ngahuru ngā tenei rohe. Otiia e kore e he hotoke iti ngā haere i roto i te conifers hukarere-tepe ruru nehenehe.

"Heather me te Japanese Garden"

Ko te Arboretum he whakaaturanga motuhake - "Heather kari". I kawea te reira i Germany momo motuhake o Eric, a tata 20 ngā momo o Heather. Kei tata te whare taiwhanga me karapotia e conifers, barberry, spirea me rhododendrons.

No te amuitahiraa iti oraora me ahurei o GBS - "Japanese Garden". hanga matou i te reira ki te awhina o te Embassy Japanese i roto i te pane. I runga i te motu kawea i ngā momo onge o here, momo rākau whakapaipai i roto i te rohe me te otaota. Ratou whakaritea nehenehe a tawhio roto horihori ki te plurality o piriti, pagoda me tito kohatu.

kohinga Tino ātahu o rōhi e pā ana ki 2.5 heketea.

Whakaaro kape mahu'inga o te kōtuhi. E kawemai ratou i Brazil, Vietnam, Cuba, Madagascar me ētahi atu whenua i roto i te rohe weheruatanga ao. Neke atu i te kotahi rau ngā momo o ratou tomo i roto i te International Whero Book.

Te whare kurī ahurei i roto i te Botanical Garden o Moscow

I tua atu ki te mahi rangahau matua, whai wāhi kaimahi GBS i tupuranga, tupuranga me te hoko o kākano, i ētahi o mōhiotia me hou momo o tipu. Kennel tuku mo te hoko o te rauemi whakatō rākau, waina, rakau iti, tarutaru te koiora, te pikiarero me rakau hua. tipu tino paingia i roto i te Botanical Garden o Russian Academy o Sciences. He tino iti Prices, a he tiketike rawa te kounga o te rauemi whakato. whai wāhi tipu e i roto i te whakatinanatanga o te putanga e rua. Kotahi (matua) kei runga i te huarahi. Botanical, 31, i te ritenga atu te tomokanga matua o te GBS.

wae Special o te RAS

Botanical Garden BIN RAS. Komarova V. L., kei roto i St Petersburg, i runga i te motu o kaiwhakaranu. Ko reira he wehenga o te Russian Academy o Sciences. haamata Ko tōna hītori i roto i te rau tau XVIII ki te kari kaiwhakaranu. I whakaturia te reira e Pita I. te tīmatanga, o te akoranga, mahara ki a ia ki te tupu tipu hei rongoā.

Na roto i te waenganui o te XIX kaiwhakaranu Garden i roto i koroua nui, kahore hoki i te tautoko pūtea i te katoa. Alexander hoatu e ahau tona whakahau V. P. Kochubeyu, nei aroaro he mahere mo te anō o te kari. Na kua riro te reira i te arotahi matua o ona mahi rangahau. tata tuaruatia Tohatoha o te kaiwhakaranu e Garden. Ahakoa ka anga ki te whakarite i ngā haerenga pūtaiao. He mātātoa te Garden whakawhanakehia noa te timatanga o te rau tau XX.

I roto i te hononga ki te whakanui o te ruarautau o te Botanical Garden i 1913, i hoatu e ia te ingoa o Petra Velikogo. I muri i te revolution, ka ia te kari huaota matua o te Russian Soviet Republic. I te wa ano i whakawhitia ana kāinga noho Ingarangi me greenhouses tūmataiti.

I roto i 1930 te kari hoia te USSR Academy o Sciences. Te tau e whai ake nei, hanumi reira ki te Botanical Museum. Ka rite ki te hua o te Botanical Institute i whakapumautia. I roto i te pā, ahakoa nga tautooraa o kaimahi, i kino pakaru te kari. Na reira, kawea ngā mahi hanga i roto i roto i te wā muri i te pakanga. Na ko te nui kari-Arboretum tenei. Ko te tino aroha o St Petersburg noho me manuhiri he rite ia.

Ko tētahi atu wehenga ahurei o te Academy o Pūtaiao - te UC Botanical Garden RAS. Kei roto i te Republic o Bashkortostan. Ko te kari i te ara roa, me te uaua o te whanaketanga.

I teie mahana, e ia he kohinga nui o ngā tipu, te whakamanamana whakatutukitanga pūtaiao kanapa i te parae o rangahau o momo mohoao o otaota o te käwanatanga, me te tupuranga o tipu whakapaipai.

mutunga

Na koutou e matau ana te wahi ki te haere, ki te aroha koutou āhua, puawai, me otaota. kari Botanical AN Tsitsin RAS - Ko te pono tenei te wahi ngā ki te haere ki.