Dybenko Paora Efimovich: haurongo me te whakaahua

I whanau te rongonui orurehau Dybenko Paora Efimovich i runga i Hui-tanguru 28, 1889 i roto i te kainga iti o Chernihiv Lyudkovo. ko ana matua peasants noa o pokapū Russia. Kua mahue āhuatanga pāpori me te pūtea o te whānau tona tohu i runga i te ara ora o te tamaiti. mātauranga Paraimere riro ia i roto i te kura kainga. I aru tenei e toru nga tau i roto i te kura tūmatanui. Atu rangahau mō te tama a te kaiahuwhenua i noa e kore e utu.

timata Dybenko Paora Efimovich mahi i roto i te 17 tau. Te Lithuanian Novoaleksandrovsk piri ia te taonga rohe. Heoi, hoki te wa roa i te tangata taitamariki i kore i reira noho. I puhia e ia no te mea o te hiahia hou. I roto i te 1907, i hanga te tangata taitama te whakatau nō ka piri te porohita Bolshevik (i roto i te rōpū ōkawa ki te 1912 tuatahi). I runga i te eve mutu te tuatahi Russian Revolution, engari tonu te whakahaere raro ratou mahi.

Ratonga roto i te Navy

I roto i te 1908 i ora ai Dybenko Paora Efimovich i Riga. I te tau 1911 ka timata ia ki te mahi i roto i te Baltic Fleet. Ko te hiahia ki te hoatu i te ohipa o te hoia e kore e reka te Dybenko - tamata ia ki te huna, engari deviationist hopukia a panaia tonoa ki te teihana kimi. Na, ka waiho te taitamariki Bolshevik he hēramana. Ko te wahi o tona ora whakamatauria ki te hei i te motu o Kotlin, te wahi i te pa o mua.

ko Dybenko i kauhoe o te maha kaipuke, i roto i ngā te whakangungu kaipuke "Dvina" me te tama'i "Hiha Paora ahau». mahi hēramana hei hiko, a muri i whakatairangatia ana ki rangatira kore-i whakahau. I te tau 1913 whai wāhi ia i roto i te pakanga tāwāhi, tae mai Ingarangi, France me Norway.

Ko te World tuatahi

I roto i 1914 te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. Kia Dybenko Paora Efimovich i te matua hoia whānui, ka whai wāhi i roto i te maha putaputa whawhai i roto i te Moana Baltic. e kore e taimaha rave rahi tau o mahi tona puai orurehau. I te anga ke, pera koperea te piringa ko ia rawa nui whakaoho mo te Pāti Bolshevik. I te wa ano, ko Dybenko raro tirotiro ngaro o te pirihimana ngaro. Ko ia i roto i "i mōrea" me kua hoki tenei take kua oti te tuhituhi atu i te kaipuke, ka ora te Baltic tāruru mo te wa tuatahi i roto i te whawhai i te whakatikanga ake o nga heramana i runga i te tama'i "Hanko".

i Familiar hou Riga te wahi i reira i tonoa e ia a Dybenko Paora Efimovich. Haurongo o te hōia, me te taea e noho e pā anake ana ki te kaipuke, engari inaianei i ia ki te kitea mahi i runga i te mua whenua. I muri i te toru marama o te mahi, i whiua ia ki te whare herehere mo Helsingfors whakatö defeatist. ko poto-ora te mutunga. hohoro hoki Dybenko ki te kaipuke rite Bataller. Ahakoa o ratou misadventures mua katoa tonu Bolshevik ana mahi hou.

I waenganui tanguru ko Oketopa

I 1917, ko Pavel Dybenko i te matotoru o mea. I muri i te ahua o te Kawanatanga Takitaro, piri ia te Poari Helsingfors, te wahi i ia he kawana i te kaipuke. Ka rite ki te Bolshevik u'ana, ka whakanuia e ia e te whakaaro tino tuwhena. E arahina Pavel Dybenko mahi whakatö-nui i roto i te Baltic tāruru i roto i whakahe, te anti-kāwanatanga tona ope i Hōngongoi 1917. Taua raumati, i mauheretia te nuinga o nga mua, a rere Lenin, a huna i roto i te maringi.

I herea a Dybenko Paora Efimovich. haurongo Poto o te tahae wāhanga tonu o te puke, me te whare herehere. Tenei wa i kitea e ia ia i roto i te ripeka, te wahi i te wa ano, noho Trotsky. I roto i te tīmatanga o Mahuru, i roto i te tahi atu Bolshevik Dybenko i tukua. Kua whakaritea e te kāwanatanga wā e kua ngaro te rōpū tona mana warea, ka tangohia o te tautoko o te puranga. whakamatauria tenei tirohanga ki te waiho i te hapa mate.

Mararatanga o te amuiraa

I te po, ka ka mau nga kaitautoko o Lenin mana i roto i mua Dybenko arahina kuhu tāhae kaipuke pāhoro-whakaaro i Kronstadt ki te pane. ko nga maitai o te Bolshevik mua o te tikanga Soviet hou nui. I muri i te Oketopa Revolution, i hoatu tonu e ia ki te Kaunihera o Commissars o People, te wahi ka ia o nga tangata Commissar mo Naval Affairs.

mahara hoki Paratiki Fleet te nui hanga mo te tukipoto Dybenko Paora Efimovich. Rā o whanau o te āhua hou ngā orua ki te e Fakataha o te amuiraa. I pōtitia Dybenko rite tona tuarua rite te māngai ko i te Baltic Fleet. I te ra o te huihuinga o te amuiraa whakahaua te rōpū nui Bolshevik o kaiwhakatere, i roto i te meka ki titaria te tinana manapori.

Ano ki nga Tiamana

Haere mai ki te mana, i kitea nga mua ia ratou i roto i te tūranga tino uaua. I runga i te ringa kotahi, kei te whiwhi i te reira kaha te kaupapa White, a ki runga ki te tahi atu, tae noa ki tonu te hainatanga o te rangimarie Brest te whawhai ki nga Tiamana. I roto i te tīmatanga o 1918, tonu ratou ratou ino i roto i te Baltic States. Puta noa i te ara o nga whakaeke i tonoa heramana, i ahu e Dybenko Paora Efimovich. I tohua te ora Whaiaro eve orurehau e te take koa: marenatia ia soratnitse Alexandra Kollontai, e riro rongonui i roto i te heke mai ka rite ki te takawaenga.

Heoi, no te take te utuafare e kore wa i mahue. fehangahangai Dybenko wehe i ki nga Tiamana i Narva. Heramana, hoki iho ki te hoariri rite ki tohu katoa, mahue te pa. Aita i maoro i Pauhua te kōwae e tona ake. Hoki iho peia Dibenko i te rōpū (faaho'ihia mai i roto i te 1922). I roto i te tikanga, orurehau waimarie - kihai i koperea reira, engari i tonoa mai ki te mahi raro i roto i Odessa (pāngia e te whakatutukitanga mua).

I roto i te Pakanga Civil

I roto i te ngahuru tau 1918 patua Pavel Dybenko te ope Soviet Ukrainian. arahina e ia te wehenga kōaro, i ngā kaitautoko Nestora Mahno. Ko te angitu tino nui o tenei hanganga i whai wāhi kua i roto i te hopu o te Crimea. ka mau te tuatahi Dybenko Division mana o te Tāmaki Perekop matua. Heoi, kua te ahunga whakamua kua tāupe. Aita i maoro, i tautoko o nga mua ki te hoki whakamuri.

Mauī ko Dybenko Paora Efimovich. Photo Commander i ki te hiti mai i roto i te nūpepa Soviet - ka hoki ia ki a Moscow, a ka tetahi o nga ākonga tuatahi o te Academy hou whakatuwheratia o te General kaimahi o te Army Whero. Ko pehi te āhuatanga i te mua, a ka makeretanga tonoa ano Dybenko ki te mua. I te mutunga o 1919, whai wāhi ia i roto i te whakaoranga o Tsaritsyn, te wahi i tuhia ano Stalin me kau ◊õfisa heke mai Budyonny me Yegorov.

Whātōtō ki Rear

tutaki New 1920 st Dybenko haere te ara. whaia tona Division te Denikin whati. Na roto i te puna o te rangatira tae te Caucasus. Na ka hoki a Paora E. ki Crimea, i reira i runga i ona waewae whakamutunga pakanga, toenga o ma raro i te whakahau o mua. I roto i te Mahuru 1920, ka hoki te Pakanga Civil ki tata i mua i te Academy i te maui.

A marama torutoru i muri, i te wa o te Congress muri o te rōpū, ka whawhati i te ngangaretanga rongonui o kaumoana Kronstadt. mohio Dybenko tenei ope. Ehara i te mea maere i tonoa tona rōpū reira ki te pehi i te tutu o te mamae te wenewene me ngā tūmanako poauau o kaumoana. Na ka haere mai Dybenko raro i te whakahau o Tukhachevsky. I roto i te April 1921, te rākai i huihui ano e rua - i tenei wa tāmia ratou te whakatikanga ake kaiahuwhenua i roto i Antonovites kawanatanga Tambov.

tau i muri mai

I muri hoki mai ki te ora haukāinga, Dybenko Paora Efimovich ko Kollontai timata ki te noho ngā tūranga whakahaere. Tane - i roto i te ope, tana wahine - ki te rōpū, me te mahi takawaenga. Puta noa i te 20 me te 30 matahiti. arahina Dybenko maha ope hōia i roto i te Army Whero.

ko Old Bolshevik whakarau i runga i te koromatua. A, no te whakarewahia Stalin whakapaia i roto i te Army Whero, Dybenko i mua mahi rite te whakahaere pono o te wehi. repressed ia te mau paroita i roto i te Leningrad Military District, te wahi i ia te rangatira. Ko te päoka o mahi Dybenko ko tona whai wāhitanga i roto i te whakamatautauranga o Marshal Tukhachevsky i te raumati o te tau 1937. A tika i te marama torutoru i muri i tenei wāhanga i tonoa atu e ia i ona pou katoa. He i maha ngā whakarerekētanga kaimahi. Ka rite ki te hua, ko Dybenko ki te mahi i roto i a te tangata Commissariat o te ahumahi ngahere, a ka matenga o te rakau hauhake i roto i te he Kemi. I roto i te Hui-tanguru 1938 i hopukina ia.

Pavel Dybenko, i taua wa te whakarerenga iho, i te whakapanga o te tutei mo te maramarama ke, me te ara hononga ki Tukhachevsky, nei i tauturu ia ki whakato. koperea te rangatira rongonui o te Pakanga Civil i Hōngongoi 29, 1938. I rehabilitated ia i muri i te Congress XX Party i roto i te tau 1956.