Dzheyms Dzhoys: biography, kainga tupu tuhituhi

Dzheyms Dzhoys, tona haurongo e whakaahuatia i roto i tenei tuhinga, ko te māngai tino rongonui o te ao hōu i roto i Ireland. i tona mahi tuhituhi kua he pānga nui i runga i te ahurea o te rau tau 20 ao.

Childhood me te taiohitanga

whanau Joyce i roto i 1882 i roto i te tonga o Dublin, i te rohe o Rathgar. Tona utuafare i te tino nui (ma rima tamariki). Matua Dzhon Dzhoys i te tīmatanga mahi i roto i te mahi whānau - hokohoko waina. Otira mai te ruarua matau ai i roto i ngā take, hohoro haere kaihau. I ia ki te tiki i te wahi tango takoha. I roto i te whānui, e kore i efua te mahi o te mahi, engari kihai i Hoani muri roa i reira. I muri i taua, ia maha ke mahi. Fakataha ki tana wahine Meri Dzheyn, i ratou ki te neke maha, pera Hemi i kōhungahunga noho i roto i tata wahi katoa o Dublin.

I roto i te meka, hinga te hopoi'a katoa mo te hapu i runga i nga pokohiwi o te whaea. i ia he penihana tano, i ora ai te katoa. e kore e John-Playboy whakapoauau tenei āhuatanga. Kei te tino pāngia te reira i tamariki katoa i roto i te utuafare, i whanau i te tikanga ki tona ake papa. I muri mai, i roto i nga mahi o Joyce, ka kia kitea enei mau mana'o.

Ahakoa te rawakore me te whakararuraru, o te whānau, i taea ki te tiki i te mātauranga pai te tamaiti. I te tau o ono i tonoa e ia ki te Jesuit College Klongouz Woods. Na whakawhiti ki te Belvedere i kotahi tekau ma tahi nga tau. I roto i te 1897, te mātauranga pou-tuarua, whakaurua Dzheyms Dzhoys i te University o Dublin (Royal), i i puta ia i roto i 1902.

te tānga tuatahi

Dzheyms Dzhoys, tona biography te akapapu e ko tino ia he kaituhi pūmanawa, i aroha tona kura tuhituhinga, me te reo. Ko reira tonu mārama e kore ko te tahitanga tika tenei.

Tuhituhi iti James i mahi ia i mua i tomo i te Jesuit he kolisí. Otiia i te tau o iwa, i hanga e ia he pehepehe, e patu i roto i tona hangatonu me te maia. whakatapua e ia te reira ki Charles Parnell, te rangatira o te kaupapa whakaoranga i roto i Ireland, me tona hoa Timoti Hili, e tukua tona hoa, ka rite ki te hua o nei mate ai ia.

I whakatipuria te pehepehe i te papa o te kaituhi, engari he kape, kāore, kihai i ora.

I ako i te University o Joyce tuhituhi te tuhinga roa e pā ana ki tona kaituhi tino Genrihe Ibsene "Drama me Life". Ko te tirohanga whānui iti o te mahi. He tau i muri mai ka timata ki te tā i roto i te moheni London whaimana "Ko te arotake e rua-wiki" Joyce. Tona whakaputanga tuatahi ko te tuhinga i runga i tākaro o Ibsen "Drama New". ka tuhi kaituhi he utu pai, engari ko te tino tino ko te whakamoemiti o te kaitito mō ia.

i roto i te 1900 ano e tuhituhia ana e ia te tākaro "mahi ngingila". Ehara i te mea noa te peehia Ibsen.

I muri i te matenga o te tuhinga Ruskin Joyce whakaputaina "te karauna o te oriwa mohoao" i roto i te buka aamu i reira te mau a'oraa kaituhi e pā ana ki o te pakeha rongonui te whakarau.

Mai 1901, te nuinga mahi i roto i te translation (hei tauira, Hauptmann o "I mua Sunrise").

I roto i te Oketopa 1902, i taea e ki te whakatau ki a Yates Hemi. Ka rite ki te whakamutunga, te ngarahu a matou kaituhi tuhi rawa whakapehapeha. Oia mau, i angamaheni o tenei whanonga Joyce, engari ko tenei e kore ia i ārai ki te kia tohu, me te atawhai ki te iwi.

Paris

Heoi puta Joyce i te University. I mua i tu ia i te matawaenga: he aha ki te mahi i muri? whakaaro a mo etahi wa e pā ana ki reira, ua faaoti ia e hiahia ia ki te mahi rongoa. Tenei he aha te mea i te timatanga o Hakihea 1902 ka haere ki Paris.

Dzheyms Dzhoys, tona haurongo he ētahi wā maere, i roto i te pa tino whaiāipo i roto i te ao hohoro wareware e pā ana ki te whakaaro o tona haerenga. mooni huarere Medicine i tona matenga.

riro ia te wā, i te Puna, pānui i te rota, me te whakaaro. Mai i enei whakaaro pae hopea tahuri kohinga whiti "waiata Whare" me te tuhi mahi, i karangatia e ia "Ihowā te," Dzheyms Dzhoys ia. Poto kitea tenei ariā i roto i te "Stephen Hero" (kaituhi pūrākau) me he āhuatanga o te ariā rerehua o te wawe Joyce.

I tua atu, ka tono tangata a Hemi rauemi me arotake pukapuka ki te motu, i tāngia ratou i roto i "Dublin Daily Express".

I roto i te waenganui-1903, ka mate a te whaea o Joyce. Ko te marama whakamutunga o tana tama i roto i Dublin. Otiia no te mea o peapea i runga i whenua fakalotu (whakakahore Joyce karakia), i muri i mahue i te whaea ite ahau he, notia iho te reira ki te waipiro.

Mai 1904, timata ia mahi i runga i te mahi nui tuatahi - ". He Hero o Steven" te pūrākau I roto i te whakarara, mahi i runga i ngā whiti, e muri e whakaurua i roto i te kohinga "Dubliners".

Pipiri 10 tupu hui nō roto i te ora o Joyce. tutaki ia tana wahine a muri, Nora. I taua wa, mahi ia rite te pononga i te hotera. Mai taua ra i runga i, e kore tata ratou wehea.

I roto i tenei wā, tuhia e Hemi, me whakaputa i roto i te mau ve'a i te rota o kōrero. A i roto i te mutunga, tahi ki Nora, ka haere ia ki Europe, ki te tuawhenua.

I roto i 1905, i roto i Trieste, he tama Giorgio, a i roto i 1907 te tokorua - te tamahine Lucia. Ko reira taa'eraa i whanau te kotiro i roto i te fare ma'i mo te rawakore. He Joyce i roto i te tūnga pūtea uaua, ahakoa te meka e te papa o te utuafare, me te rota o te mahi pakeke. Ko te kohinga "Dubliners" kahore tetahi hiahia ki te whakaputa i, rawa i roto i Ireland. I whakaaro ia unpatriotic, a kua whakahau kua kaiwhakaputa o te pēhanga tūmatanui te tahunga o kape rite mō te hoko.

Zurich

i akina atu Nā ki te pakarutanga o te Ao Joyce ki te haere ki Zurich, te wahi e noho ratou tae noa ki 1919. i timata kē Hemi ki te mahi i runga i te pūrākau tino nui i roto i te ora - ". Ulysses"

Life i roto i Zurich i rongonui mo te meka e konei mutu te kaituhi ake mahi i runga i tetahi o ana mahi tino pai - ". He Portrait o te Artist rite te tangata Young" te pukapuka Kua kite ētahi vahe kē te marama, engari kihai i rite te putanga katoa.

"He Portrait o te Artist rite te tangata Young"

Tenei pūrākau o pukapuka mōna James Joyce o. whakahou ia i te tuhituhia i mua "Stephen Hero."

I whakaputaina te pukapuka tuatahi i roto i 1916 i roto i te United States, whakawhetai ki te mau tautooraa Hariett hoa Joyce Weaver, he ētita mua o "Egoist". Na ka ka whakaputaina reira i roto i Austria, me ētahi atu whenua.

whakaahua ana te kaituhi te putanga o te hero i te ingoa o Stiven Dedal, e i roto i "Ulysses," ka puta te pūrākau i roto i te heke mai. ka mea a Dzheyms Dzhoys e pā ana ki te pūāhua rite tona aata-huru. Daedalus ruarua noa te parau mau o te mau marôraa mana'o o Katorika me te tika o te pūrere o te hapori hou i roto i Ireland.

"Ulysses"

Tae noa 1922 i roto i te tahi mau makasini i o te matenga o te pūrākau hou e Joyce. Ko hohoro, ara i roto i te United States rāhuitia reira mo te tuku. I roto i Ingarangi, roa te moratorium tae noa ki 1936. I roto i te mutunga, whakaputaina te pukapuka i roto i Paris. i tukua ia i runga i tanguru 2 - te ra o te whanautanga o te kaituhi.

Taea moe reira te kaituhi e ko reira tana mahi i huaina te tihi o te ao hōu e ka riro te reira i te nui paetukutuku tana "Ulysses"? i tenei kahore feaa Dzheyms Dzhoys! Kua hanga e ia he mahi polystylistic maere, ki tonu i te kōrero o mua, taumauri, āhuatanga ahurea, me te tahi atu whānui. Ahakoa te tapatahi o te wahi, te pūrākau he pono mīharo, me te ahurei.

E rua kaupapa ki matau ko reira Dzheyms Dzhoys. whakaputaina tepu wā i roto i 1931 S. Gilbert i te pukapuka-ako "Ulysses" Joyce ".

"Wake Finnegans"

I roto i te 1923, ka tīmata te kaituhi mahi i runga i tona mahi nui whakamutunga. karangatia e ia tenei mahi "te Mea i roto i te mahi."

Dzheyms Dzhoys, nei haurongo kua kitea tonu whakaata i roto i tona pukapuka, ka mea e tuhituhi i te aamu o te ao nei. Mai 1927 ka anga ki te whakaputa pene o te pūrākau hou.

I roto i te Hōngongoi 1931, James mana marena Nora (me ko tenei i muri i te 27 tau o te hononga!). A e ono nga marama i muri mai, i ratou i te mokopuna, ko Tepene.

I roto i te 1939 kite ahau i te tukunga o te pūrākau whakamātautau, tuhituhia i roto i te tikanga o "awa o mahara". Noatia, ko reira te kaituhi Dzheyms Dzhoys. e kore te Pukapuka maere i te kaipānui tutaki. "Finnegans Wake" ngā katoa o te puns, whängai atu huinga, whakamahi te kaituhi maha reo i roto i te tuhituhi, kia korero kotahi me te kore he aha te mea e pā ana ki.

Ōkawa, ko te mahi e wahi i roto i te kotahi te po i roto i Dublin, i runga i te taumata tohu - ko te hītori katoa o te ao tenei.

pānga

I roto i te Hānuere 1941, i muri i te pokanga ki te tango i te whewhe pekitīlia, mate Dzheyms Dzhoys. Quotes i tāngia i roto i te mau ve'aa te katoa ana pukapuka, engari inaianei i roto i te wāhanga poroporoaki. Ko he pupuhi taimaha mo te hapu, me mo nga pā katoa o te kaituhituhi.

i tona ora, me te mahi i te mana nui i runga i taua toi tino rite Dzhon Apdayk, Borges, Beckett. I arotakea ambiguously tona mahi tuhituhi e rua i roto i te ora, me te i muri i te mate. Ko tonu aumou kotahi mea - kua kawea Dzheyms Dzhoys i te revolution oti i roto i te ahurea ao.