Haurongo o Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy. meka Interesting

Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna (tau o te ora - 1892-1941) - he punake Russian rongonui. ko ia te tamahine Tsvetaeva Ivan Vladimirovich (1847-1913), he kaiputaiao. Hoki te āhuatanga tona mahi e maximalism whaiāipo, te makanga o te ora rā, te aroha kanga, mokemoke taumu'a. kohikohinga Meiha o te punake - "Milestones" (1921), whakaputaina i roto i te 1923. "Craft", "I muri Russia" (1928). I whakapumautia ia ano i roto i te 1925 he maau Sapphire i huaina "Pied Piper", me te muri - ". Poem o te Whakamutunga" Ka kia kōrero haurongo o Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Tsvetaeva whānau

I whanau Tsvetaeva Marina i 26 Mahuru (kāhua tawhito - 8 Oketopa) 1892 i roto i Moscow. Tona papa, kia rite ki ta matou i whakahuatia kē, ko te kaiputaiao e tino i roto i te tawhito hītori, toi me te epigraphy. Ko ia te kaiwhakarewa, me te kaiwhakahaere tuatahi (i 1911 ki te 1913), Museum o Fine Arts. Ko te faaipoiporaa tuatahi he ahorangi rawa pai, engari i muri i te whanautanga o rua tamariki, ka mate te wahine taitamariki, ka marena Ivan Tsvetaev anō Meri Mayne. I roto i te 1892, 26 Mahuru, ka puta tenei tokorua i te kotiro nei riro i te ingoa o Marina (arā, te "moana"). Na ka tīmata te haurongo o Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy.

Mama, Meyn Mariya Aleksandrovna, mate i roto i 1906. ko ia he piana, he tauira o Rubinshteyna A. G. i tenei wahine kua he pānga nui i runga i te Marina. moe ia e waiho te piana hoki tana tamahine. Heoi, ngā te ao o rotarota te taitamariki Tsvetaeva nui atu i te mahi o ngā kaupapa. Tetahi e ono nga tau i tuhituhi kotiro tau te irava tuatahi. A kei te tupu kore anake Russian Marina, engari ano i roto i French me Tiamana. Engari tino kawea ake tamahine (Marina me tona Anastasia tuahine) whaea. riro ratou i te mātauranga pai. Ruau hawhe-teina me tuahine - te kōrero me te publicist Ilovajskij Dmitri Ivanovich.

Childhood o te punake heke mai

Haurongo o Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy i tau wawe i tona tohua e te meka e ko ia he tamaiti no te mea o te mate whaea noho he wa roa i roto i Germany, Switzerland, Italy. Wehenga i whakangungu i roto i te hākinakina ki tonu i roto i ngā akomanga i ngā kura i roto i Freiburg me Lausanne. puritia Marina matatau Tiamana, me te French. whakarongo ia ki te Sorbonne i 1909, akoranga tuhituhinga French.

motuhake wawe

I muri i te matenga o te whaea o te tiaki tamaiti hinga ki runga ki nga pokohiwi o te tona papa. I pukumahi i te mahi ia, na kihai ratou i ahei te horo'ai tona wa katoa. Ko te aha, pea, kua tupu nga kōtiro tua atu ana tau motuhake, ka hiahia wawe ki runga ki te āhuatanga tōrangapū i roto i te āhua, te hononga ki te takoto ritenga.

Mātauranga Marina Tsvetaeva

I te onoonoraa o tona whaea i te kuao tau haere Marina Tsvetaeva ki te kura waiata, a tangohia ana te kāinga haapiiraa waiata. Ko enei mahi i muri i te matenga o te whanaketanga atu o Meri kihai i. riro Marina me tona tuahine tona mātauranga tuatahi i te kāinga, i raro i te arata'iraa o tona whaea. I te tau o te 8-9 tau, tae te punake heke mai akomanga i roto i te hākinakina Bryukhonenko MT, a ka i roto i Switzerland, i Lausanne. ako ia i roto i te 1903 i roto i te kura noho Katorika, a ka haere i muri i oho te whānau ki te kura French. tonu Tsvetaeva ona akoranga i roto i Germany, i te whare āheinga Freiburg. Ia ngāwari hoatu reo, a ka te maha reira roaa i roto i te iritiraa, no te mea e kore e auaha ake i moni tenei rohi pehe, rite Marina Tsvetaeva. Haurongo me rotarota ia i muri noa timata tona mate ki te whakaoho i te moni o tokomaha.

haere Marina i roto i 1908 ki Paris, i reira whakauru ia i te Sorbonne. I reira whakarongo ia ki kauhau i runga i tuhinga French Old.

Ko te timatanga o te mahi tuhituhi

haurongo auaha o Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy haamata e whai ake. I whai pānga te ngā tuhituhi tuatahi ki te porohita o te Symbolists o Moscow. tutaki Marina Briusov, i i he pānga nui i runga i tona whiti wawe, a ki taua pehe rite Ellios (Kobylinskiy Lev Lvovich). whai wāhi ia i roto i nga mahi o ngā karapu, me tari, kei i te whare whakaputa "Musaget". Hoki i te mana nui ao toi, me te whiti o te whare (i roto i te Crimea), te fakaangá toi me te rohi pehe Maximilian Voloshin. noho ia i roto i Koktebel maha nga wa.

Ko te kohikohinga tuatahi

I roto i ana kohikohinga e rua o te rotarota "Album Evening" (1910), me te "Te Magic Lantern" (1912), me te tuhituhi i roto i te 1914 maau "Witch" whakaahuatanga tino o taonga te kāinga (whakaahua, whakaata, fare, o tamariki), pānui, e haere ana i runga i te peeraa i, waiata, mahi, whanaungatanga me tona teina, me te whaea whakataruna rātaka o te kuao schoolgirl. "Album Evening" i whakatapua ki te mahara o te artist Meri Bashkirtseva Konstantinovna e hāngai ana rātaka, takotoranga confessional. Ka rite ki tuhituhia i roto i 1921, i te rotarota "I te hoiho whero" āhua tino mīharo patere aroha kitea te kōrero o te mahi pehe.

mahi anō

hononga Motuhake ki Sofey Parnok (tatou e korero tonu), he huringa o rotarota "Kora" puta i roto i te 1916. I roto i te Pakanga Civil ka haere mai te huringa ui "Swan Song," i whakatapua ki te itoito o te rangatira ma. He he i roto i ona mahi me te ruri, me nga wahi whaiāipo, pērā i "he hoiho whero", "Yegorushka", "Tsar Maiden".

Take ki Rodzevich ue'i te hanganga o ngā kohinga o "Poem o te Whakamutunga" me "Poem o te maunga." I roto i Paris, i reira ko kohinga ora whakamutunga o Marina. oho tenei whānau i roto i 1928 i te Czech Republic. noho te reira aita i haapararehia, engari te nuinga o ona oriori. hanga Marina te nuinga whakamāoritanga me ahiahi auaha te ora.

ati

Ko te nui ngaro whānau Efron (tane o te rohi pehe), ko Tsvetaeva, he aha ue'i ratou ki te neke ki te Soviet Union i roto i te tau 1939? Mua āpiha White, Efron, e whawhai pakeke ki te mua, ohorere whakapono i roto i te whakamanamana o Communism. hoki ka ia i roto i Paris ki te hapori, ki te whakahaere i te NKVD, i mahi ki te hoki o ratere ki honau fonua tupu'angá. I te tau 1937, te tuatahi ka tae ki te tamahine Moscow Marina Tsvetaeva o, Ariadne (nei i hopukina i mua i tetahi atu). I muri i taua Sergei Efron mawhiti, rite kua reira faaoti whanaunga ki te NKVD i Paris. aru Marina me tana tama tana tahu ki te mutunga o mahi i te ohipa o te wahine te here.

Ko te tau whakamutunga o te ora o Marina I.

oti nga takahanga e whai ake tona haurongo. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva ite te hopu o tana tane, me te tamahine i roto i 1939, pakaru reira te rohipehe. ko ia anake i mahue ia ki tana tama, George. Na te hononga ki a ia, pahuatia tokanga lahi 'rawa, i whakauru. Tino māharahara hoki o katoa o tenei i roto i nga tau tata nei, Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. haurongo Poto o ngā rā tau whakamutunga o fakangata tona ora e whai ake nei i te hui mate. August 31, 1941, i muri i te whakatahia ki Yelabuga i te hononga ki te pakarutanga o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, taronatia ia Tsvetaeva i runga i te awa kama, i roto i te whare whare, kua oti nei te tohaina ki a ratou ki tana tama. Te reira i kore i kitea te urupa o Marina Tsvetaeva, ahakoa nga tautooraa o tona tuahine Anastasia, i i rehabilitated i 1959, me tana tamahine Ariadne (rehabilitated i roto i 1955). I roto i August 1941, i roto i Moscow, i koperea e Sergei Efron.

He pera ano te haurongo poto o Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna.

Uara pehe hanga

E tatou hiahia i roto i te rohi pehe, kāore, ka kihai i tatari te ora mo te āhukahuka. i ia ki te haere hiakai, me ngā kōnohete, me ngā kohinga kore deservedly i mauruuru e hono to'utangatá. I tēnei wā, Heoi, ko totonu Tsvetaeva tetahi o nga māngai tino nui o te whiti Russian o te hiriwa Age. E ngā haurongo Poto o Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna me ona whiti i roto i te marautanga kura. I teie mahana, ko reira whiti rawa rongonui, he tokomaha o nei i waiho romances rongonui, whakaturia ki te waiata. Na, i roto i Russia kore anake, engari ki waho ano hoki pai te aroha me te āhukahuka o Marina Tsvetaeva. haurongo Poto i roto i te reo Ingarihi Marina Ivanovna, mo te tauira, i hanga e maha kaituhi. I roto i te Netherlands, i Leiden, kei te whare i runga i te pakitara o e kua oti te tuhituhi rotarota Tsvetaeva (pikitia whakaaturia i raro nei).

meka Interesting i te ora o Tsvetaeva

ora Whaiaro o te rohi pehe (kihai ia ia i rite ki te kupu, ka karanga iho te rohi pehe) i tona mahi e kore e taea te wehea. Na reira ko te reira e tika ana ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te torutoru meka ngā e kua tohua tona ora. tuhituhi Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva ko ana mahi pai i roto i te aroha, i te kau o ngā wheako kaha aronganui.

i tokomaha pūrākau tutu i roto i te Marina o te ora, engari kua riro te aroha anake kua i roto i te ora katoa o te rohi pehe - ko Sergei Efron, e riro tana tane, me te papa o ana tamariki.

Te whakauru ratou i whaiāipo, i roto i te Crimea i 1911. Marina, i te rohi pehe pihi, noho konei i te aniraa o Maximilian Voloshin, tona hoa tata.

haere mai Sergei Efron i te Crimea ki te whakaora i muri i te kohi, me te ki te ora i muri i te whakamomori o tona whaea. Kua i 1912, i roto i January, i marenatia ratou. I te wa ano, te tamahine a Tsvetaeva, Ariadne. Heoi, ahakoa te meka e te rawa mauruuru te marina i tana tane, 2 nga tau i muri i te whanautanga o Ali (te kāinga pera-ka karanga Ariadne) plunges ia tupou ki te pūrākau hou. Na tenei wa te wahine, pehe me translator Sophia Parnok aroha Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. haurongo poto mō te tamariki, o te akoranga, e kore e whakahua i te reira. ite mauiui Efron riri o tona wahine, engari murua. I roto i te 1916, i muri i maha tautohetohe me Reconciliations, hopea whawhati ake Tsvetaeva ki Parnok ka hoki ana ki te whānau.

I muri i te houhanga rongo ki tana tane i roto i 1917, ka hoatu e Marina whanau ki Irina, kua meinga nei e te inoino mo Tsvetaeva, e hiahia he tama. whai wāhi Efron i te kaupapa o ma, whawhai ki nga mua, pera i mahue i muri i te revolution, Moscow, a haere ana ki te tonga, wahi uru ia i roto i te korero o te Crimea. heke atu ia tika i muri i te ope o Denikin hopea patua.

noho Ki te rua tamariki Marina Tsvetaeva i Moscow. ko te utuafare rawakore, ka i ki hoko mea ki te kai. Heoi, ki te whakaora i te tamahine o muri, i roto i te noa'tu o tautooraa katoa, e kore i taea e te reira i te whaea. ka mate Ira i roto i te piringa i te hemokai, i reira i hoatu e ia Tsvetaeva, tumanako e ka kai i te tamaiti pai konei.

Marina i roto i te wehenga ki tana tane ora i te torutoru ake pūrākau, engari faaoti i roto i te 1922 ki te haere ki Sergei Efron ki waho. Kua hono ki tou hoa, Marina i roto i te wā o te whakahekenga i roto i te Czech Republic tutaki ki Rodzevich, e whakapono etahi kōrero te papa tūturu o George, te tama roa-tatari, i whanau i roto i te tau 1925. Otiia mana ko reira Efron. Kua toutou fakamamafa'i ia te Marina Tsvetaeva (haurongo, ngā meka i te ora o nei tatou i kōrero), e hopea whanau ki te tama, tana tane. ua te kupu, Kei te wāhanga hokona reira ratou he e i muri i mate te tamahine i roto i te pou-hou Moscow.

Ko te pehe Marina Tsvetaeva tenei. Biography, ngā meka i tona ora, tumanako, whakaohokia te hiahia i roto i te kaipānui ki te haere tonu i mohio ki tenei māngai kanapa o te whiti o te hiriwa Age. Manakohia tai'o ona rotarota. hanga mahi tino pūmanawa Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. I hanga haurongo poto (e kiia nei ko te Silver Age, tumanako mahara koe) i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaputa moni i roto i tona mahi.