Dzhuzeppe Madzini: haurongo me meka ngā o te ora

Dzhuzeppe Madzini - rongonui kaitōrangapū Italian, philosopho, kaituhi me te konohi, e kua kairau a te tūranga tino nui i te timatanga o te whakaoranga motu o te rau tau 19. awhina ia te haere noa o te takitahi tangata, ka mea e kia kia rite, me te kore utu whenua Pākehā katoa, no te mea kei te homai tenei tika ki a ratou e te Atua. I roto i tona ora kihai i hoatu e ia ake te tumanako o te haere noa, me te öritetanga mo te whenua, toutou hoki i hopukina e ia, ka tonoa ki te whakarau.

Family ko Mātauranga

i ora ai Family Dzhuzeppe Madzini i Genoa, i taua wa ko nei i raro i te mana o Napoleon. Matua o te kaitōrangapū heke mai ko te rata rongonui, me te ahorangi o te anatomy. mātauranga tuatahi me te whakangungu, ka Giuseppe kāinga. ako ia tuhinga French, ngā romanticism, me te kaituhi hiahia ki nga whakaaro noa, me te manapori -. Zhorzh Sand, Viktorom Gyugo, Edgar Quinet me etahi whakamoemititia ia i nga whakaaro o te haere noa, taurite, whai wāhitanga rite me te whakaoranga motu mō te Italy e kore anake, engari ano i roto i whānui mō te Europe me te ao.

He tau torutoru i muri, Giuseppe tomo te Manga Ture o te Whare Wānanga o Genoa. I te mutunga o tona mātauranga, ua faaoti ia ki te horo'a ia ki te mahi tuhituhi, i roto i ngā tīmata ki te mahi ki ngā makasini me kaiwhakaputa tuhituhi. I roto i tona mahi tutaki ia ki ngā iwi, ka tīmata ki te mahino atu hohonu te āhuatanga i roto i i tahuri atu ki te hei i tona whenua. tuhia e ia he rota e pā ana ki reira, he hiahia i roto i tōrangapū i roto i te tahi atu mau fenua Pākehā, me te whakaaro e pā ana ki te aha e taea te mahi ki te huri i te āhuatanga mō te pai.

ngākau mō te tōrangapū

Haurongo o Dzhuzeppe Madzini tohu e taea e riro te reira i te kaituhi angitu me toi, ki te kahore hoki tona riri mō ngā whakaaro motu me nga whakaaro o te haere noa. Ahakoa kua Italy tukua i wehewehenga me ngā raruraru tōrangapū e e rawa hoha'a Dzhuzeppe Madzini. meka Interesting o tona koioranga tohu e ara i te tau o te 20, ka e ia he mema o te whakahaere ngaro o te Carbonari, engari pae hopea hoatu ake ki runga reira, pera i roto i te Māoritanga o te autaea'eraa tae āhuatanga o rapunga whakaaro materialist, i kapea e ia.

No te mea o ana mahi, ka hopukina ia, i muri i nei i tonoa e ia ki whakaraua, te wahi pau ia te nuinga o tona ora, te tuatahi i roto i France, a ka i roto i Switzerland me Ingarangi. Ahakoa tenei, e kore ia i hoatu e ake o ratou whakaaro, ka tonu ki te whakapono i roto i te haere noa, me te motuhake o ratou whenua.

Ngaahi Fakakaukau me ngā whakapono

I whakaae Dzhuzeppe Madzini e huri i te āhuatanga tōrangapū i roto i Itari he taea anake e te tikanga o te revolution. whakapono ia e te whakaoranga motu kore me anake Italy, engari ano hoki puta noa i Europe. tohe ia e aroha ia tona whenua no te mea noa e aroha ia whenua katoa, a me kia noa katoa o ratou.

E ai ki tona whakapono, kia waiho nga iwi Pākehā katoa rite, me ki kia i runga i ngā hoa, no te mea ko tenei te mea e hiahia ana te Atua. Ko ia papu e te haere noa, me te mana motuhake ki te kia tutuki e te tikanga o te hautoa ranei kia he homai i nga rangatira. kī hoki ia e i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20, me haere te whakaaro o te haere noa tera taha o te mata o Europe, ka haere atu. Reira kotahi ko te pūtake mo te maha whakaaro pāhoro Āhia me Awherika. Freedom, whakapono i roto i te heke mai pai me te manapori - he te tahi mea kua tonu e kua nui mō Dzhuzeppe Madzini tenei. tohu whakaahua kore i taea e te reira pai.

"Young Italy"

I roto i te 1831, i whakaturia Dzhuzeppe Madzini te whakahaere ngaro "Young Italy", ko tona whakaaro ko ki te hanga Italy te pai ai amui, free, me te motuhake ki te ahua Republican o te kāwanatanga. I muri i taua, ka anga enei whakahaere ki puta i roto i ētahi atu whenua, pērā i "Germany Young", "Young Switzerland" me etahi atu.

I 1833, ko Mazzini he mema me te kaiwhakahaere matua o te whakaekenga o Piedmont. I tutuki tēnei ope, a ka peia Mazzini i France, a ka whakangaromia te whakahaere "Young Italy". He tau i muri mai, whakawhetai ki a Mazzini ko tetahi atu whakahaere - te "Young Europe", i whaia te taua whāinga. Heoi, whakamatauria tenei wheako ki te kia tutuki. Ka rite ki i roto i Switzerland, whakatuwheratia Mazzini «La taureau Suisse» makasini, Heoi, hopukina mana rohe te kaiwhakaputa, me ona ngā mema katoa, tae atu Mazzini, peia ano i te whenua. Huna i te pirihimana, ka haere Mazzini ki Rānana, i reira i whakaturia e ia tetahi atu whakahaere "Union o kaimahi Italian," i i ona manga i roto i te whenua Pākehā tokomaha.

revolution

A, no te i roto i te 1848 i roto i Itari, haamata revolution hoki Mazzini i te whakarau, a whakaturia te niupepa «L'Italia del popolo», ta tetahi, rite whakahaere «Associazione nationale», i whakatairangatia ana whakaaro motu ki te tini. I roto i te akoranga o te revolution, i roto i ngā te hinga o Milan, ko Mazzini he mema o te kapa Garibaldi, a ka i pōtitia he mema me te matenga o te kāwanatanga takitoru. A, no te ka reira mārama e nga tahae i me kahore tupono whai koe ki te haere te whiriwhiri ki a France, me ki te tango i Roma, rihaina Mazzini i tona pou, a mahue mo London.

Life muri revolution

I roto i te tau 1870 i roto i Sicily me te kaupapa hou haamata. a Mazzini whakapono iti i roto i te angitu o tenei hinonga, engari tonu haere ki te motu. I roto i te haerenga ki Sicily tika i runga i te moana nui, ka hopukina ia, ka tono tangata ki a Gaeta. I muri i te rua marama o te whare herehere, i tukua e ia, engari anake i runga i te huru e e waiho e ia Italy. whakaae ia, ka oho ki te ora i roto i Switzerland, te wahi ia tonu tonu tona mahi pāhoro, me te whakatuwheratanga i tetahi niupepa - «La Roma del popolo».

E rua tau i muri mai, Giuseppe mai hoki ki Itari, engari i roto i te haerenga i roto i te māeroero, mau e ia he matao kino, a ka mate ohorere i Pisa i te whare o tetahi o ana hoa. i tanumia Giuseppe i tona ake whenua o Genoa. I tona hunaraa i te reira hau atu i te 50 mano iwi, a muri iho ia ka tahuri haerenga tangihanga ki te whakaaturanga ki te kāwanatanga.

Dzhuzeppe Madzini - tetahi o te tōrangapū, me te tino rongonui tau tūmatanui o te Italian rautau 19. whakapono ia i roto i te haere noa, me te mana motuhake e kore anake to ratou whenua, engari ano i roto i te whakaoranga motu mō ngā whenua Pākehā katoa. I roto i tona ora i whakaturia e ia he maha ngā rōpū ngaro me nūpepa e mahi ki te manapori me te haere noa motu. Hoki ana tautooraa, i toutou hopukina Guiseppe, engari ahakoa tenei, ko reira ki runga ki te mutunga o tona ora kihai i whakarere i o ratou whakapono, me whakaaro.