English mathematician Dzhordzh Puru: biography, mahi

E haere mai i te whānau mahi-piha rawakore kihai i whanau Dzhordzh Puru i taua wa, i roto i te wahi kino, a tino kore i roto i te piha haapiiraa pāpori. kihai i whai ia i te whai wāhi ki te tupu i te poto pāngarau, engari i ia te reira i roto i te noa'tu o te mea katoa.

Dzhordzh Puru: biography

Fanauhia Whiringa 2, 1815 i roto i te pa ahumahi Ingarihi o Lincoln, i waimarie ki te whai i te papa nei ko ia hiahia i roto i te pāngarau, me te hoatu haapiiraa ki tana tama Boole. I tua atu, i whakaako ia ia ki te pehea, ki te hanga mea whatu. itoito mau a Young George ake ona akoranga, a i te tau o waru nga tau, nui atu whaiaro-whakaako o tona papa.

Ua tauturu te hoa utuafare whakaako i te tamaiti taketake Latin me ruha i roto i te tau torutoru. Hoki 12 nga tau kua whakamaoritia Bull te rotarota Roma tawhito. Hoki 14 nga tau, i matatau i roto i Tiamana, Italian, me te Wīwī George. I 16 tau ka ia he kaiwhakaako kaiāwhina a whakaako i roto i ngā kura tuawhenua i roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru Riding o Yorkshire. I rua tekau, ka whakatuwheratia e ia tona kura ake i roto i tona whenua.

Neke atu i te nga tau i muri torutoru pau wā poto o te wā free Dzhordzh Puru pānui hautaka pāngarau tono i te Institute o Mechanics rohe. I reira tai'o e ia te mahi Isaaka Nyutona "te Principia" me te mahi o pūtaiao French Rāpāra ko Lagrange XVIII ko XIX rau tau "pukapuka i runga i Mechanics Tiretiera" me "Mechanics Analytical". Ia hohoro taukei te uaua tino i taua wa ngaahi tefito'i mo'oni pāngarau, me te anga ki te whakaoti rapanga taurangi uaua.

Ko te wā ki te neke i runga i.

Rising whetu

I tau 24, whakaputaina Dzhordzh Puru he hautaka pāngarau Cambridge University tona tuhinga tuatahi, "Studies o te ariā o panoni analytic" i runga i ngā raruraru taurangi o panoni rārangi me whārite pārōnaki ki aro i runga i te ariā o te invariance. Neke atu i te te tekau tau i muri mai, i tona whetu i maranga ki te awa tonu o ngā tuhinga taketake, toro ki tua atu pāngarau.

Na roto i te 1844, kua hāngai ia ki runga ki te whakamahi o te tātari combinatorial me ngā mahi pāngarau mō ore iti me te tau mure ore. I roto i te taua tau mo te mahi, whakaputaina i roto i te Journal o te Royal Society "moni Philosophical," mo tana takoha ki te tātari pāngarau me te kōrero o ngā tikanga o te whakakotahi i te taurangi ki te pārōnaki me te tuanaki wāhi, i whakawhiwhia e ia he mētara koura.

hohoro timata Dzhordzh Puru ki te tūhura i te taea o te whakamahi i te taurangi ki te whakaoti rapanga arorau. I roto i te 1847 "Mathematical Analysis o Logic", e kore anake e ia whakawhānui nga whakapae mua Gottfried Leibniz i runga i te hononga ki waenganui i arorau me te pāngarau, engari whakamatauria ano hoki e he matua te mua te ako pāngarau, kaua ki te taumauri.

Kua meinga tenei mahi te faahiahia e kore anake o te arorau tino Akuhata De Morgan (kaitohutohu Ady Bayron), engari noaa ano tona wahi o te ahorangi o te pāngarau i Kuini College i roto i Ireland noa kahore te mātauranga whare wānanga.

Dzhordzh Puru: taurangi Boolean

Wewete i nga mau ohipa o te kura, ka anga poto pāngarau ki ruku hohonu ki o ratou ake mahi, e arotahi ana ki te whakapai ake i te "tātari Mathematical" ka faaoti ki te kitea te ara ki te tuhituhi tohenga arorau he reo motuhake ki nei e waiho ratou taea ki te rāwekeweke me te whakaoti pāngarau.

haere mai ia ki te taurangi reo, e toru ngā mahi nui i nga (ka tonu e) "AND", "OR" me "NOT". Ēnei mahi e toru hanga te pūtake o ona whare, a ko anake nga ngā hiahiatia ki te mahi i nga ngā mahi whakarite, me te taketake mahi pāngarau.

whakaahuatia pūnaha o Boole te i roto i te taipitopito i roto i tona mahi "te ako o nga ture o te whakaaro, i te mea te pūtake o ariā pāngarau katoa o arorau me tūponotanga", 1854, e hāngai ana i runga i te huarahi ā-rua, a ka whakahaeretia ki anake ahanoa e rua - "ae" ranei "kahore", "te parau mau", me te " teka "," i runga i "me te" atu "ki" 0 "me" 1 ".

ora whaiaro

Ko te tau e whai ake nei ka tango ia ia Meri Everest, irāmutu o Tā George Everest, i muri nei te ingoa ko te maunga teitei i roto i te ao. e rima nga tamahine a te tokorua. Ko tētahi o ratou, te matamua, ka he kaiwhakaako o te matū. Etahi whai wāhi i roto i te āhuahanga. Ko te tamahine whakaotinga o George Boole, Ethel Lilian Voynich, ka he kaituhi rongonui nei i tuhituhi e rave rahi mahi, te tino rongonui o e ko te pūrākau "te whakangaro".

kau muimui

Koinei, homai te mana o pāngarau i roto i nga porowhita mātauranga, te whakaaro o Boole whakahē tino arongia e te nuinga o ana to'utangatá ranei. Aua'e, ko tuwhera atu te tangata tohe American Charles Sanders Peirce.

Kotahi tekau ma rua nga tau i muri i te whakaputanga o hanga "Research" Pearce he kupu poto, whakaahua ana te whakaaro o Boole o te American Academy o Toi me Sciences, a ka pau neke atu i te 20 tau, te huri me te whakawhānui i te reira ki te ite i te pūmanawa o te ariā i roto i te mahi. Tenei arahina te mutunga ki te hoahoa o te turanga ara iahiko arorau hiko.

Pierce tona arorau ariā mau e kore hanga, rite ko he akonga e rahi ake i te hiko, engari whakaurua he taurangi Boolean i roto i ngā akoranga whare wānanga kaupapa arorau.

I roto i te mutunga, kotahi ākonga aravihi, Klod Shennon, ka mau i tenei whakaaro, ka whakawhanakehia reira.

mahi Tata

I roto i te 1957, i pōtitia George Boole hoa o te Royal Society.

I muri i te "Rangahau", whakaputaina e ia he maha o nga mahi, o nei e te rua tino mana ko te "pukapuka i runga i Pārōnaki Equations" (1859), me te "He korero i runga i te Tuanaki o Rerekētanga tahuti" (1860). Pukapuka whakamahia rite pukapuka mō ngā tau e maha. tamata hoki ia ki te waihanga i tētahi tikanga noa o te ariā tūponotanga, e pai tukua raraunga i te tūponotanga o tetahi pūnaha o ngā ki te whakatau i te tūponotanga o tetahi hui e pā ana ki te tohua arorau muri.

Ko te tohu hou

Kia aroha mai, haukotia te mahi i Boulle ia ka mate o "maremare ngau kino" i roto i te tau o 49 i muri i te haere 3 kiromita i te ua, a kua kauhau i roto i te kakahu maku. i kï tenei ia kotahi atu e te poto me te tikanga noa ētahi wā i iti i roto i te noa.

tuku iho

"Tātari Mathematical" me "Rangahau" George Boole tīmataria te taurangi Boolean, e te tahi mau taime i huaina arorau Boolean.

Tona pūnaha o uara e rua, kua hanga tohenga wehenga ki ngā akomanga rerekē, ka taea e te mahi ngā mahi rite ki te aroaro ngaro o etahi āhuatanga ranei reira taea ki te hanga waeua ahakoa o te maha o ngā huānga takitahi.

arahina Nga mahi Buhl ki te hanganga o ngā tono, e kore i taea e whakaaro nei e ia. Hei tauira, kei te whakamahia rorohiko i roto i ngā tau ā-rua, me te āhuatanga arorau, hanganga me te mahi o nei e hāngai ana i runga i arorau Boolean. Pūtaiao, whakaaro nei ko te kaiwhakarewa o Dzhordzh Puru, rorohiko, tūhura nga turanga ariā o te mōhiohio me te tätaitanga, me te tikanga mahi mō rātou whakatinanatanga.