Fascism i Siamane: te takenga mai me te hiranga hoki te ƒcivilisation≈ hou

Kua meinga Fascism i Germany nui-tauine tukanga ao o te whanaketanga i roto i te rau tau XX ki te ora. Deploying kaupapa here misanthropic o Adolf Hitler, te oraraa o te puni kukū, te Holocaust, te whawhai tino nui, me te whakamataku i roto i te aamu o te taata - katoa o reira i hanga he tahuri koi ki te hanga civilisation hou, ki te rethink uara ngā me te whakakitenga mo te whanaketanga ake nei.

Ko reira ngā e kua meinga te fascism i roto i Germany te taua vanavanaiki nui i roto i te feruriraa o te hapori ao. Radical i roto i ona mahi me te parirau tōrangapū momo, i vai na i roto i te hawhe tuatahi o te rau tau XX i roto i te nuinga o whenua i roto i Europa, kua riro taua āhua kino he reira i roto i Germany - te whenua, te tenetere o mua, ki te kore te nuinga, tetahi o nga pokapū ahurea matua o te ahurea Pākehā. Ko te whenua i hoatu e te ao Humboldt, Gutenberg, Schiller, Nietzsche me maha atu whetu o te nui tuatahi. E kore te te take mo tenei aro anake hutia i roto i te meka i ko te Tuatoru Reich te hoariri kaha tino o te āhua i whakauru. I roto i te mutunga, i Fascist ano ratou tāwhai Italy, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria. ko tetahi atu take nui tenei. E nehenehe te reira i te rārangi roa o ngā āhuatanga o te fascism i Tiamana i te mara o te ōhanga, pule'i. Tatau ona rerekētanga i, mo te tauira, te tauira Itari. Heoi, ko te take tino nui e tu i roto i, fascism i Tiamana, ko te absolutization i kaupapa here tūmatanui, ka hāngai ki runga ki te rohe o whakaaro pūkeke o kaikiri, te nationalism me anti-Semitism.

Te Fratsisko taua Franco, e mau ana i roto i tona State o totalitarian tōrangapū, engari e whakaatu ana kahore fakaaoao i roto i te kaupapa here ke, me te e kore e haere te rohe whāiti o te tāmitanga, me te inonotitanga i roto i te āhua (ahakoa kua tangohia e ratou wahi ki tangata e fakafepaki-whakaaro, me iti iwi - ina koa te Basques), humarie mate ia o take taiao rite nui i roto i 1975. Tae noa nga tau 1970, a roa Salazar tikanga i roto i Portugal. Ko kua whakaatu fascism i Germany e he reira taea ki te tiki me ia. Ko te Tuatoru Reich i ake ite ratou whakaaro taketake o te ärai o nui wāhi ora, kia ngaro ranei. Kua meinga meinga nui whakaaro i runga i te wahi o te nunaa katoa ao, ara tukanga atu hohonu o te hapori National i Germany.

Kua nga tekau tau pou-pakanga tuatahi te whenua atamira faingataa i roto i te ngā ahurea, me te hinengaro. kua meinga History o Fascism i Germany te kaupapa nui. Te tahi mea rite ki te mea i te hītori o te Pāti Communist o te Soviet Union kua. Otiia ki te mea kua riro i roto i te aamu o to tatou whenua he rōpū ki te whānuitanga rahi rite te haapa'oraa kāwanatanga, kua meinga te kaupapa matua o historiography Tiamana te pātai o te aha i tupu i te reira. I muri ka haere mai te National Socialists ki kaha e kore anake i roto i te ara o te pae faarava'iraa o te Weimar Republic. He tino ratou whakaaro ki etahi whānuitanga faahiti i roto i te ngakau o nga Tiamana. A e kore e te hanga e noa te whakaaturanga o Adolf Hitler e pā ana ki te ao kia rite te nuinga i raro i
whakaawe i te huru o te hapori: te taua anti-Semitism, te nationalism, romance Prussia, ariā rongonui e pā ana ki te whakatakotoria ana anti-German, te tūranga matua i takaro, o te akoranga, nga Hurai, a na i runga i.

he ope tōrangapū anti-Semitic me militaristic noa mo te Austro-Hungarian Empire e rua tae noa ki 1918, ka hoki te Weimar Republic. Na ko ara noa atu te hiahia o ope pāpori tata katoa kaha tōrangapū ki te whakangaro i te brainchild Filippa Sheydemana me Fridriha Eberta. Mō te aha i tupu ai, he aha arahina ki taua hua fakalilifu, tuhituhia rau o ngā pukapuka. whakatakotoria Māoritanga, ki raro i te "rino" Prussia o Bismarck, i roto i te whakama tino o nga Tiamana: Ko nga takenga o fascism German te wahi anake e kore e ki te titiro hoki i Versailles, wharekarakia Karaitiana i te Faaapî, Martina Lyutera, hopea, i roto i te mentality me te huru tūturu o te Tiamana, me to ratou hiahia mo te ako, hīkoi me rangatira kaha.