He aha te mea he rudiment? Mea timatanga me te atavism - quirks o te natura te taunakitanga mō te kukuwhatanga ranei?

He aha te mea he rudiment? Ko tēnei wāhanga o te tipu kararehe ranei te tinana, e kore mahi tona mahi, hoki i te tikanga ki te mea i. hira kaiao ora hanganga vestigial, me o ratou ako whakarato atu whai wāhitanga ki te whakamatau kukuwhatanga.

Tauira mea timatanga i roto i te ao kararehe

He aha e nga mea timatanga? Ka taea e tauira te kitea nga wahi katoa. Hei tauira, dandelions, ahakoa whakaputa uri ratou kahore te kikiritanga, kua tonu ratou puawai me te puka hae. I roto e taea te kitea pepeke pītara rere, e kua hanga e tino parirau e huna i raro i te elytra tauta totoka.

Reptiles pērā i pythons, tonu i te papatoiake vestigial, e kore piri ki te pekehoe (rite i roto i te nuinga o vertebrates) - i te reira tika e taritari i te kōhao puku. Ko taunakitanga e tipu nakahi i ngārara wha-waewae tenei. Ētahi mokomoko e fare, vestigial waewae i raro io ratou kiri e he äta i waho.

whai kanohi fare maha kararehe. Hei tauira, ana tangata raro pērā i te ika (Tetra Mexican me momo salamander Typhlotriton spelaeus me Proteus anguinus), matapo, engari i te kanohi vestigial fare. Kanohi Tetra Mexican i te arotahi, etine degenerative me te karere whatu. whai kanohi ki ākonga salamanders matapo e o te marama i waho, ko te kamo kati.

Tohorā i te papatoiake vestigial me hata waewae. e kitea i roto i te tinana o te tohora nga wheua waewae, engari e kore e piri ki te toenga o te tuahiwi. Engari, kei te whakaurua noa ratou ki te kiko kararehe. Ko te kawenata ki te kukuwhatanga o te tohorā i tupuna teretetiera, ki mate nunu'a o nga peke hata me papatoiake. Katoa e noho tonu fare i roto i te tohorā hou, ko te toenga o enei hanganga.

mau hu'ahu'a tangata

He aha te mea he rudiment? ka ngaro tenei wahi o te tinana, i roto i te kukuwhatanga o tona whakaaro hāngai, pērā i te āpitihanga tangata, e kotahi mahi he mahi nui, a inaianei e rahi atu te kino i te pai. Ko te iwi timu ko te toenga o nga wheua hiku o tupuna o makimaki - ko te wahi wäriu o te hiawero embryonic, i hanga nei e i roto i te tinana tangata, a ka decomposed me "kainga" i te pūnaha ārai mate. Ko tonu, ahakoa tino onge, kua whanau etahi iwi ki te hiku (atavism).

Ka taea e ētahi iwi faaha'uti ratou taringa, ahakoa tenei taonga ko te ngeru tūturu me ētahi atu kararehe, me te hiahiatia hoki te localization o oro i hopu. Ko te tupuna o te iwi mohiotia ki i wätea kua, a i hiahiatia nga niho mō te ngaungau, me te huri i ngā kai whakato. Neke atu i te 90% o ngā pakeke katoa i te niho whakaaro nui pera-ka karanga. ētahi wā tupu ēnei niho huakore tika a taea meinga mamae kino. E mea pinepine te iwi noa kia whakakahoretia o ratou.

Ko te ahua o "fepulopulasi kuihi" Ko ano i roto i te tangata i te tohu fare. Ka puta mai tēnei tauhohenga, ka matao mataku ranei. Ko te uaua i te turanga o ia makawe mahi ki ara te huruhuru ki runga. I roto i te kararehe, e pā ana tenei mahi te ki te pupuri mahana. kia puta te taua raruraru, ki te ko te kararehe i raro i te riri. I tenei wa, "te huruhuru tu-ake" ka taea te kararehe ki te titiro atu ri'ari'a, me te te whakawehi.

taunakitanga papû mō te kukuwhatanga

Me kï reira e ia momo kua he tuatapaparaa tupuna ahurei mō te ako i te rakau paerewa phylogenetic. Ia rauropi e te raupapa ahurei o tupuna noa honotanga reira ki a ratou. kia tika te reira e te rauropi he taunakitanga o tenei hītori tuatapaparaa tupuna. He aha te mea he rudiment? I roto i te koiora, tenei kikokiko me ngā āhuatanga rāpoi e te hunga kore-mahi.

He aha te mea he rudiment? Hei tauira, nga parirau o te manu he wāhi kikokiko rawa matatini o tirohanga, hanganga, rawa urutau hoki whati Powered, engari i reira he manu kore rere i hoatu. He tauira a Tūrongo - nga otereti parirau e taea te pakari te huaina whekau vestigial, mai kore ratou e hiahiatia mō te rere, engari ki te taurite i te rere, me te kanikani te kahui.

manganga pūtaiao

hua ngā hanganga Vestigial i roto i te Naturalists e pokaikaha puta noa hītori. Tenei pātai kaipūtaiao hiahia i mua i te roa o Darwin tuatahi whakaarohia tona ariā ao o te take mai o ngā momo. He maha pūtaiao feruriraa XVIII-XIX rau, pēnei i Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), Georges-Lui Leklerk, Comte de Buffon (1707-1788) me te Zhorzh Kyuve (1769-1832) i ako tenei raruraru.

E ono tekau nga tau i mua i te whakaputanga o "Te Origin o momo," Darwin, te mātanga French tairanga i roto i anatomy Geoffroy Saint Hilaire (1772-1844) whakatutuki te take o vestigial parirau o te otereti, me te cassowary. Ko ia i te mate aha rau tonu āhua "kāmataga te tinana," nei te hiahiatia kore. Kotahi tekau nga tau i muri mai, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) i hoatu e te tatararaa o te tahi mau hanganga vestigial i roto i tona "Zoological Philosophy".

atavism

Atavism e etahi āhuatanga tūturu ki te rōpū iti o kaiao. Ko ētahi tauira ko te hiawero tangata (ngä coccygeal), maihao atu huirapa ranei, hairiness rerekē, uaua sublingual i roto i nga kuri, me te pera i runga i. Ētahi ira, hei tauira, ki raro i te tamaiti, taupāhohea noa i muri i whanau. He aha e nga mea timatanga, me te atavism? Ko tika te matamata o te huka o te taunakitanga o te kukuwhatanga tenei.

āhuatanga Atavism ko:

1) te aroaro o te atamira pakeke o te ora;

2) te ngaro o tohu o te matua ranei tupuna tata;

3) he rarity rawa i roto i te taupori.

Ko tētahi o te atavism tino whakaari he waero tangata. He ngohengohe etahi, kei roto i te uaua, oko, me ka raru ko toto anake. I te tahi taime e riro te reira wheua ngohe reira. Ka taea te nekehia atu hāparapara ēnei hiku. Na roto i te Atavisms ngā te tokomaha nui o nipples (2-x).

panga o te kunenga

He aha te mea i roto i te mea timatanga o te koiora? mana te reira i, ngaro ratou whakaaro tika, me te e kore fakahoko ratou mahi tika. Ki te heke iho rauropi katoa i te tupuna noa, ka meinga te mate te hopu ranei o te ngā mahi me ngā hanganga e macroevolution hītori.