He aha te mea napalm? Taupānga me te hanganga o te napalm

Ko napalm, anake ako maha iwi Soviet i roto i nga Heoi, e matakitaki ana kapinga pouaka whakaata o te ririhau Vietnam. weranga whakamataku, whara, ka patua ngā tamariki, meinga pa mura me kainga riri tika. Ahakoa he pere i te tawhiti, ka titiro airstrike e wehingia ana. Neke atu i te te uru raau "Phantom" "Skyhawk" tohu i runga i te akoranga whawhai, i etahi wāhi i runga i tona kopu wehea he tank avaava-āhua nui, rite ki te kaha wahie atu ranei, ia matapōkeretia e takahuri rite te roa rite kore e pa ki te whenua, ka pakaru, a i horahia ana e ia ki runga he moana o ahi, i nei kihai i ora ... i roto i te whānui, napalm - ko reira he patu whakamataku.

Ko te whakaaro me te whakatinanatanga

I roto i katoa e pā ana ki ngā tikanga mo te whakangaromanga o ratou ake ahua, whakaatu iwi parapara, mārama tika pai tono. Ko te mahi tuatahi ki te whakapai ake i te tōtika o te kohuru, te tahi atu i te tere-hōia me patu pū, flamethrowers maitai, peketua, pahoho me eke i roto i kurawai motuhake. Ko ohie te whakaaro: kia he wai pūkākā ano he wai i te ngongo wai kia whakahaua ki te hoariri. Otiia i roto i tenei take i huna nui ohie tona hao. Tuatahi, Me koutou ki te tiki i reira, a ka tuarua, ki te haafifi i te tukanga o te ngaro. Kōhinu pai katoa, engari tahuna tonu. Diesel wahie whakaturia ahi ki te tamata. Me etahi taonga pērā e, ka noho i te pātīmata te rota o te wera mo te wa roa. Na roto i te 1942, ko tenei raruraru i roto i te whānui faatiti'aifarohia e tohunga i University Harvard, mahi i roto i te rōpū o Dr. L. Fieser i whakahau USACC (matū Corps o te Army US). Japanese hohoro, kia mau te korero Tinian, ako matou aha napalm. Heoi, ki te korero ki e pā ana ki te kore katoa o ratou taea reira.

Ko te hangarau faaineineraa

Ko te whakaaro hangarau whānui i ki te tāpiri ki combustibles matua kai retarding parariraa, te whakanui ake i te pokey me te whakarei ake i te kaha ki te piri. Tino pai ngā waka mō tenei rapa whakaaro: ia, ka tāpiapia, me te Kaore, ka rewa pai, me weranga, engari mauiui utu. Tenei te kua he ranunga o Mariao o te waikawa palmitic me nafteinovoy kua tino angitu. Ko te hanganga o te napalm ka hoatu ia te ingoa, te mea kahore ki te mahi ki te kupu Russian "manga", me te hanga e i te pukapuka tuatahi o te tāpiritanga matū e hanga penehīni auau ko nui deadlier.

Ko te hua o tautooraa whanaketanga kua meinga he ahua o te taonga, i runga i tona ōritetanga ko atu iti iho ranei mātotoru, tae noa te tiēre-rite. tae ngingiha pāmahana e waru rau degrees. Tāpiringa whakaturia e pā ana ki te tekau o te katoa. Kei te pai te whakamahi i te reira i roto i Europa, i roto i whawhai ki ngā hōia Tiamana, me o ratou hoa, me i roto i te whare tapere Kiwa o ngā mahi ki te Japanese.

He aha te mea "Napalm-B"

e kore e taea te mutu Fakalakalaka, rawa i roto i te mara o te tikanga o te whakangaromanga. Here i roto i te mātauranga me te rongoā ... Ko tenei e kore te mea e pā ana ki taua.

Na roto i te timatanga o te Korean War, tāpiri te hanganga o te napalm i ki wāhanga hou, nui te whakapai ake tona pai. Tuatahi, ake pūmautanga matū ki runga ki te rokiroki roa, whakakorea te taea o te hautau paihere. Tuarua, tahu ka nui anaanaraa me wera (ki runga, ki te 1500 ° C). Na te toru, te mea tino nui - tenei hua taea ki te piri ki te mea katoa ko te. Ki te ringihia he ahanoa wai ranei tauhiuhia ki hukarere, he reira pai noa (e ko, te kino hoki te ahanoa). Ko te napalm hanganga ngā konganuku alkali, e kua mohiotia i te akoranga matū kura, ka pahū noa makuku. Ka rite ki te thickener i roto i "napalm-B" whakamahia terei mua rewa i roto i te benzene. Tenei reinga katoa o te ranunga ki te konutai konurehu ranei e tapiritia ki penehīni, whakaohokia, a e mahi koe. Burns noa maitai. E te ara, me te ngāwari.

tikanga noa, me te kanga

Ki te pera-ka karanga Vietcong (National Liberation mua), kua whakamahia te Army US tata o tona mata katoa, me te haunga o nga rakau o te whakangaromanga papatipu. Heoi, i mohio, me te matau ki ta napalm, he uaua ki te hoatu ake te whakaaro e pai ai kia pēnei ai ki tenei kāwai. Hoki tenei mea rawa tau'a tona rohe tono he rau, he mano ranei atu mea ora, ka tahu ranei reira katoa e hinga. Ko reira hoki tenei take e i roto i 1980, kua te tairururaa i whakaaetia e te UN, e opani napalm. I whakaaro te whakamahi o patu hei tahutahu tikanga whakarihariha o te pakanga. Otiia kihai i whakarongo katoa ki te reo ata o te take. Ko hoki tenei e hiahiatia ana te reira anake ki te whakakite ia ia te tangata ranei i tona hapu i raro i te ua o te napalm. Pea e kore e whai nui whakaaro ki te katoa ...

I muri i 1980

Kawenata ki whakakorehia te whakamahi o te napalm ka mau āhua 99 o te ao, neke atu i te hawhe o te hunga katoa fakafofonga'i i roto i te UN. I roto ia ratou he Russia (ka te RSFSR) ko Ukraine (te Ukraine), Peraruhia (BSSR) me te katoa o Europe (San Marino me Andorra kahore ope, na i roto i te tukanga o te tikanga whakamate kihai here i whai wāhi). Ko te whenua i roto i te āhua o te whawhai ranei tārewa ia i hainatanga silá ranei mawehe. I roto ia ratou, te United States, e Iharaira, Turkey, te Republic o Korea, Afghanistan, Vietnam, Sudan, Nigeria me etahi atu. I muri i te parariraa o te lepupilika Soviet Union wha mua (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan ko Kazakhstan), rawa, e kore i piri te Kawenata (tuatoru kawa).

napalm whakamahia Salvadoran Army (Civil War, 1984), Argentina (Falkland, 1982), Iraq (ki te ope o Iran, 1980), me te Ingarangi me te United States (i roto i "Operation Koraha Storm" i roto i te 1991). Ka rite ki maha tupu i roto i te whawhai, e kore i nga wa katoa aro tika nui, meinga civilians te mauiui.

tētahi atu napalm

Te kimi i te kaiwhakanao hua waitohu angitu ētahi wā whakamahi kupu e pai e mohiotia ki nga tangata, engari i roto i te horopaki rerekē. Hei tauira, he māngai mō te whakahaere papata kotahi ingoa "Koba" (te ingoa rōpū I. V. Stalina), kōrero, mārama, tona ruthlessness ki hoariri. I roto i te tahi atu tauira o ngā matū whare e taea te kitea me te "Napalm" tarutaru. Ko reira, ki te whakapono koe te pānuitanga tuhipoka herbicide whai hua, he pepeé tūturu mō kaimahi me rangatira o whare raumati. Ko tōna painga matua, pera i roto i te napalm hakari he tū he taonga totoka i runga i te mata o te tipu, me te ātete ki te rerenga. Kia pehea te matatika Ko te ingoa? Mō pehea ki te whakawa kiritaki. Pea e kore te katoa i ki mahara te Vietnam War.