He aha te stylistically tae kupu? tae stylistic

no ratou ki te peka o te pūtaiao e mahi ki te whakangungu o te whakamahi rerekëtanga o te reo i roto i te kōrero, me te whakarato mōhiotanga e pā ana ki te reo ake, a e tika ana te tikanga e tika ana mo tona whakamahi. E kīia ana "te kāhua" a ko tona mua kōrero (ariā te whaikōrero), i mahi anake ki kāhua korero tūmatanui. Ko te kāhua o te pūtaiao e hipokina pūnaha katoa o tikanga kupu. Ko te ahua o te parau haapiiraa ki te pā ki te momo whai hua te nuinga o te faaiteraa o whakaaro me mau mana'o.

He aha te stylistically tae kupu?

E whakamahia ratou anake i roto i momo motuhake, pēnei i:

1. kupu pūtaiao. Kei roto te reira i nga kupu e kua whakamahia i roto i te mātauranga, te pūtaiao me te hangarau (hei tauira, ngā, taiaho me pera i runga i. D.).
2. papakupu tōrangapū. Tenei ko te kupu e whakamahia ana i roto i te mara pāpori, me te tōrangapū (te kaitono, tuhituhinga, whakaaro, me te pera i runga i. N.).
3. kupu Kōrero. Kei te māngai reira e kupu, e kua whakamahia matua i roto i te kōrero kāinga, waha (pikitia nui, me Inet t. D.). Hei wāhanga o te mahi o te toi te whakamahia ai mo te kiripuaki o te pūāhua matua.

Komititanga ake te runga ake, ka taea e tatou kī e te stylistically tenei peita kupu. Ko nga kupu e kua uara tapiritia, atu ïa, karanga ratou te ahanoa, ka haere ai ki te aromatawai e tika ana (ore, whakaaetanga, korokë, a na i runga i. P.), I pai rite etahi kare ki a ia enei.

Ahua o te tae stylistic

Kei roto te reira i rua ngā wāhanga:

1. Taumahi-ūnga tae stylistic (Whaitae o ngā waeine takitahi o te reo), i roto i te tahuri, e wehea nei, ki toru ngā momo matua:

• whakahaere;
• pukapuka;
• kūpapa.

Ka taea e te momo tuatahi e rua kia:

- puka wetereo (hei tauira, whakaaetanga (kūpapa) - Whakaaetanga (whakahaere);

- he kupu (hei tauira, wahi (kūpapa) - wāhi (pukapuka);

- kīwaha (hei tauira, totoro te waewae (whakahaere) - ki te okioki moe whakamutunga (pukapuka);

- tono (hei tauira, no te mea o ngā āhuatanga huarere kore-rere, roa te rere te (kūpapa) - no te mea o te kohu, e kore ahau i rere atu (kīwaha).

2. aro mātai tae expressive-stylistic (kahore here ki te kāhua ngā, i roto i roto i te kupu) ngā toru ngā momo:

• iti;
• nui haere;
• kūpapa.

Tauira: te ora (kūpapa) - zhituha (heke) - te ora (nui haere).

kupu kūpapa a stylistically peita

Ka taea te wehewehea te kupu o te reo tuhituhi ki e rua wāhanga matua: kupu stylistically tae, me te kūpapa.

kupu kūpapa - kupu kahore e i here ki tetahi o nga momo ngā o te kupu, e ko, e taea te whakamahi e ratou i roto i tetahi pūnaha o kupu te tikanga, no te mea he whakaputa, me te fakaeongo tae ratou. Heoi, enei kupu i taurite stylistic (kōrero, pukapuka, ratou reo e).

E ai M. V. Lomonosova ariā ( "toru tamarû"), nga kupu katoa atu he rānei ngā rauemi pūnaha kupu nui (hei tauira, okiokinga, me whenua t. D.) ki iti (hei tauira, te tahi atu ra, te kopu, me te m ranei. N ) ..

I roto i tenei whakaaro, ki reira he kupu i korerotia (unaka hina, tsyts, etc ...) Na te pukapuka, i roto i te tahuri, e wehea nei, ki te momo e whai ake nei:

• pakihi mōhiohio (kaikirimana, kawa, aha ...);
• tuhinga kupu (kanohi, Kurauri, aha ...);
• SF (cathetus, tuhinga whakapae, aha ...);
• publicistic (kaimahi mara, kaupapa, a na i runga i. p.).

Directions kāhua reo

E rua o ratou, i roto i ngā:

• stylistics reo;
• kāhua o te kupu (stylistics mahi).

Kei te ako te aronga tuatahi nga tikanga stylistic o ngā kupu, wetereo, me te faahitiraa parau, me te hanganga stylistic o te reo.

Tuarua - momo rerekē o te kupu, me to ratou fakafalala ki tauākī ngā o ngā whāinga.

kia roto i Stylistics reo te parau tumu o te ōritetanga me te taumahinga me te whakaata i te hononga o ngā momo rerekē o te kupu mo te whakaaro o mea, ana kaupapa, tikanga o te kōrero, huru o te kaituhi, me te korero i te kaiwhiwhi.

Ko tōna kāwai tino nui ko te momo mahi (momo o te reo paerewa, e mahi āhuatanga ngā o te ora pāpori).

Kāhua - ngā rerekē o te whakamahi reo i roto i te tukanga o te kōrero. Ia tikanga kupu pūnaha e āhuatanga e te pūtakenga tono rauemi reo, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki to ratou huinga ahurei o ia atu.

Ko te kupu, ko te mea e tika ana ki te hanga i te whakamāramatanga o te mea ko te stylistics reo. Tenei, runga ake katoa, he peka o te wetereo e tuatapapa i te momo rerekē (reo, kupu, momo, me ētahi atu). Hoki te kaupapa o tona rangahau ko te āhuatanga aronganui, expressive me aromātai o ngā waeine reo i roto i ngā paradigmatic (i roto i te pūnaha o te reo), me te āhuatanga syntagmatic (i roto i ngā wāhi o te kōrero).

Ko te hanganga o te wāhanga whakaaro o wetereo

Ko te kāhua o te reo Russian hou ngā o e toru ngā wāhanga matua:

1. kāhua o te kuputuhi, e tirohia tona hanganga ā-me kore te reo o te rōpū i waenga i te ihirangi (whakaaro, kaupapa, me te pera i runga i. D.) Ki te kīanga reo.

Hoki tenei wāhanga, ko reira nui ki te hanga i te kuputuhi, te pāhekoheko o ona āhuatanga hanganga, te hononga o te puka, me te ihirangi, te pānga o te whakaaro kōrerorero o te kaituhi, me te kaiwhiwhi, me te te pānga o ngā āhuatanga taketake. I roto i te whānui, te takaro he wāhi nui e te tohu o whākinga o nga mahi kōrerorero motuhake.

arotahi 2. stylistics Taumahi te i runga i te ako o te tikanga ngā o te whakamahi o te reo i roto i ao motuhake o te mahi a te tangata (whakahaere, ture, pūtaiao, pāpori-tōrangapū, me pera i runga i).

3. Ko te rauemi kāhua (stylistics mahi) mahi i roto i te rangahau o ngā rauemi reo i roto i ngā o ratou tae stylistic (fakaeongo whakaputa me te mahi-kāhua). tirohia te reira i ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whakamahi o ngā waeine o te reo rite te tikanga o te whakatairanga i te faaiteraa o whakaaro motuhake, kare, me te whakawhiti kōrero.

I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te kāhua o te reo Russian hou, me te te ahurea o te kupu , me te kōrero Akoranga take e pā ana ki te tohu o te whakamahi reo me te mahi, me ona moni i raro i te kōrero ā-waha. Tona moni i roto i te raruraru ki te pā ki te kanorau, me te expressiveness o korero.

Ko te kupu, deciphering wāhanga katoa o te kāhua taea te whakarāpopoto rite tona whakamāramatanga. E ai ki stylistic Dictionary Encyclopedic o te reo Russian, he reira he manga o wetereo e tuatapapa i te āheinga reo o ona tikanga o te whakapuaki, me te mau parau tumu o te mahi i roto i ngā wāhi o te mahi a te tangata.

Ko te ihirangi o te kāhua mahi

Tuatahi, ngā reira pārongo whānui e pā ana ki kāhua reo. Tuarua, stylistics mahi ngā te aromatawai o te tae aronganui ngangahau o nga rauemi ngā o te reo. Tuatoru, kei tēnei wāhanga he uhinga tatau o ngā rauemi reo.

homai wahi Central te ki te muri, kia rite:

• i roto i te reo tino maha kahore taurite tūturu;
• kia hāngai tonu rerekētanga faaauhia ki tikanga tuhituhi;
• whakaaetia te reira i te whakarite o taurite rite te kaupapa o to ratou oraraa i te wa kotahi, me te i raro i te huru o to ratou kukuwhatanga.

He nui i roto i te anga o te whakamahi mahi o stylistic rauemi wetereo, me te wetereo o te reo hoki i te reira.

Ko te hītori o te kunenga mai o te kāhua

Ka rite ki whakahuatia mua, te mua o te puka hou o te kāhua i Poetics tawhito, me te wharekarakia, me te kōrero. I kitea te tuatahi i rite ki te pūtaiao o te whiti, me te tuarua - te pūtaiao o te whaikōrero, pokapū ki nei mahi i roto i te whakaako e pā ana ki faaiteraa-waha e hāngai ana i runga i te kōwhiringa o etahi kupu, ratou kīanga me tau o kupu.

I roto i te anga o stylistics Russian tūranga nui mo te ariā o momo tuatahi Russian pūtaiao-taiao M. V. Lomonosova.

Ahu Ko te wā i roto i te timatanga o te rau tau XIX. pai mahi i roto i te German whaiāipo, a i roto i te waenganui o te rau tau kotahi, whakamātau kāhua tika pūtaiao ( "Philosophy kāhua" Herbert Spencer (1852) me Heymann Steinthal (1866).

whakatakotoria Basics o kāhua i roto i nga mahi o te AA me A Potebni Veselovsky ( "Mai i te hītori o te epithet").

I roto i te tikanga atu kuiti (rite te whakaritenga o ngā āhuatanga o te reo i roto i te kupu i te rohe o te tūtahi ki te rerenga kōrero katoa), tenei peka o wetereo tono American wetereo whakaahua (40-50-doma. Ko te rau tau XX-th.).

I roto i te tikanga whānui, i matau te kāhua i hou kuputuhi wetereo Ingarihi. I tua atu, e hāngai ana enei ariā rite rerekētanga me te haere noa o te whiriwhiri o ngā puka me ngā tikanga o te kaituhi o te kuputuhi ranei korero i tino takahi, na tāutuhia ia atu ki te wetereo (stylistics kuputuhi).

Ka rite ki te ako o te kuputuhi ōrite ki pūnaha anō-tuhi reo ( "waehere", te reo noa, a na i runga i. D.) i whakawhanakehia Kāhua e ngā māngai o te kura reo Prague ko mua nui mua (30-40-doma. Ko te rau tau XX-th.). Here i matau te mahi kupu katoa (waha tuhituhia ranei) te rite te hua o te whiriwhiri i te kaikōrero o ngā puka reo motuhake, tae atu whai wāhitanga i mua-te whakarato mō te reo (wetereo, syntactic, ā whakaahua, ä-kupu). I tua atu i te huinga o reira, i roto i te anga o te mahi kupu, o te akoranga, i runga i ona "mahi".

Ko te pūtake o tenei momo o te tikanga o te kāhua ko te ariā o "mahi" ( "Communication") kāhua o te kupu. haere mai te reira i roto i te ariā o Charles Bally: i roto i te reo e takiwa, puka fenāpasi maha, tahi me o ratou rarangi, tetahi o te mea "papamuri kūpapa", me ko te toenga o te rerekē te tae atu - stylistic.

Paearu mō te aro mātai o te kupu stylistic

Ko te tino nui e rua o ratou puta, i roto i ngā:

1. Aroaro ngaro o kupu no ki te kāhua mahi ngā o te reo Russian ranei.
2. Ko te aroaro o te tae aronganui o kupu (taea ngangahau o ngā waeine reo).

Ko te ariā o te ariä stylistic

tikanga stylistic o te kupu - ko te taonga o te ihirangi ranei puka tangi he kōwae reo, e tauwhāiti tona whakamahi o te kāhua motuhake. He ingoa tetahi - te connotation (connotation).

Tino maha, i reira he wā i te mea e uaua ki te wehewehe i waenganui i te tikanga stylistic me wetereo o ngā waeine reo. Hei tauira, kupu pērā i te rae, paparinga, me ngutu ko nga ariā kikokiko (wahi o te angaanga, wahi o te mata, uma kiri-uaua), me te tserkovnoslavyanizmy hāngai (rae, paparinga, me ngutu) - ". Puna o whaikōrero whakaaro" "awa o whakaaro",

Na, ka taea e tatou te mea e konei hanumi ki te connotation o te tikanga wetereo o te kupu. Heoi e taea te rerekētanga pū taatou stylistic kia iti (hei tauira, Breg - Beach, makariri - matao, aha ...). I roto i tenei hononga, ka taea e tatou te tīpako i te uara āhuatanga stylistic rite motuhake.

wāhanga te ariä

E toru o ratou:

1. Taumahi-kāhua. tautuhi te reira i te kōwae o te reo no ki te kāhua ngā.
2. Fakaeongo-tata. Tēnei āhuatanga whakau ana he hononga o te kaikōrero ki te ahanoa kupu.
3. Expressive (ngangahau). E whakaatu ana e ia te hiahia o te kaikōrero, pera ki te korero, "whakapaia" reira. Ka taea te matau expressivity whānui rite whakahōu i te ahua ā o te kupu (te hononga i waenganui i te uara me te tangi).

Ko te āhuatanga stylistic o wae reo

He rota o ratou, Heoi, faaoti ki te tohatoha i te whai ake:

• turanga:

- mahi kōrerorero (tukanga kōrero);

- hinengaro (tukanga whakaaro).

• tuatahi;
• pärönaki (te kanohi).

E wehewehea āhuatanga stylistic o kupu (reo noa) ki ngā rōpū e toru:

• nominative (ti'araa o ari me ngā o mooni extralinguistic);
• aronganui (faaiteraa o te hononga o te kaikōrero ki te ahanoa te korero);
• conative (takotoranga whanaunga ki te interlocutor).

Kei te tikanga mahi Basic tuku ki rite te reo whānui, i faaite mai ratou i roto i tetahi maha o tauākī (kahore tohutoro ki te hononga stylistic).

Clichés me kantselyarizmy

He aha te kupu stylistically peita, kōrero i mua, he mea i teie nei mahi utu ki hapa e kua meinga e ratou te whakamahi ore. utua ngā aro te ki nga wae reo, e kua hono ki te kāhua mōhiohio.

E whakaurua Ko tōna āhuatanga i roto i te stylistically Kāore mo ratou horopaki, i huaina kantselyarizmami ( "piha reo Russian 10"). Ko reira utu ki te mahara e tuku atu tenei wā ki ngā ratonga kupu anake i roto i te wā i reira e whakamahia ratou i roto i te kupu, e kore e nei i herea e te paerewa o tenei kāhua.

Na roto i te kantselyarizmam phraseological me wetereo manakohia ki te kupu (kīanga) he te nuinga o angamaheni mo te māngai tae reo pūnaha (hei tauira, i te kore o, ki te tetahi, ki te hopu me te m. P.). Ratou te whakamahi hei wāhanga o tenei kāhua hanga reira stylistically understated.

Ko reira utu ki te fakamanatu e taua kupu stylistically pania - wae reo ki uara tāpiri.

Ua faaite te mana o te pai kāhua mōhiohio mā te whakamahi i clichés (kupu matua e kua riro rawa whānui, me kīanga e kua tikokitanga murua semantics me aronganui). Hei tauira, i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā horopaki, maha whakamahia te faaiteraa "whiwhi rēhita" ( "Ko te pōro, i rere ki roto ki te whāinga, e tango te tukua e te noho i roto i te papa", "riro Aphrodite he faaiteiteraa tūturu o te kohinga taonga, ko te kupu kua riro te reira i te tukua e te noho i roto i to tatou pa,").

Ka taea hoki e Stamp tetahi maha faahiti te kupu, hei tauira whakarite formulaic (te whakamāramatanga o e kua ngaro ratou kaha taipe e tika ki te whakamahi tonu i roto i te whakahaere). Heoi, i roto i te kāhua mahi tenei wā kua he tikanga ake kuiti: kua whāiti reira kīanga matou nga tae tari ( "piha reo Russian 10").

kupu pūkenga i roto i te uara kāore, e taea hoki e mahi rite clichés (hei tauira, te tau, take, tohatoha, tautuhia, mahi, kawea atu motuhake, a na i runga i).

kia te kitea e ratou i nga rohe pera-ka karanga (tikanga o te faaiteraa e kua hurihia ei ki kupu, e kua whakamahia i roto i te kāhua kairīpoata).

Ko ētahi o ēnei he huinga o he huru pūmau (te ratonga mahi, kaimahi rāngai tūmatanui, ao āwhina fakaetangatá , me te pera i runga i. D.). Kei te whakamahia whānuitia ratou e ngā kairīpoata tika ki te meka i he e taea ki te reinvent tonu tikanga faufaa hou o te faaiteraa.