Hinonga tapahanga - he rārangi o pūtahi systemically nui ...

Ko te rārangi o hinonga rautaki Russian ngā hinonga ohaoha mohio rite taua i te hui o te kōmihana motuhake o Whanaketanga Ōhanga, nei mahi e hāngai ana i runga i te hua o te aroturuki o ngā mahi pūtea, me te ōhanga o te hinonga nui.

whakamāramatanga

hinonga tapahanga - he hinonga pakihi e tutuki te huinga o paearu motuhake. I roto i te ahumahi korero, "pūnaha-hinonga" he longo ki "hinonga rautaki".

Ko te rārangi o hinonga rautaki i hanga i roto i te takiwa ngā, wae rohe rohe, me te te kāwanatanga rite te katoa. Hei tauira, te konganuku hinonga tapahanga South County matua e te hunga i roto i ngā wāhi Rostov me Volgograd ngā hinonga pakihi e faaaravihi i te hanga o putorino tui o mo matū, hinu me te matūngahinu ngā ahumahi, me te automotive me ngāwhā engineering mana.

Te hanga i te rārangi

Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, kamupene o - tenei ko te hinonga pakihi nui e tutuki etahi paearu, e kua whakawhanakehia e te Komihana Interdepartmental me te Tāhuhu o Finance me ngā māngai o te Manatū Ōhanga.

I roto i enei hui kōrero te kaiuru take e pā ana ki te wāhi matua o te aroturuki o pūtea, me te ōhanga mahi o te hinonga, me te te whanaketanga o ngā ahumahi pūtea-hanga i roto i Russia.

paearu kounga o hinonga rautaki

I roto i te paearu kounga, i raro i nei kia pēnei ai te kamupene ki te kāwai nahanaha, me kia miramira te whai:

- pūmanawa hangarau o te hinonga pakihi (te aroaro o hangarau matatau me te ahurei e kua whakaurua i roto i te rārangi e hāngai ana, me he nui hoki te whakahaere o te korero te whenua o);

- awe pūmautanga pāpori, e pā ana ki te tiaki o ngā mahi, me te ārai kore mahi papatipu;

- nui i roto i te whakaū i rua hanganga me te hanga mekameka;

- whakatinanatanga o ngā kaupapa haumi tirohanga;

- mahi o ngā tiriti, me te here o te ao.

paearu ine

He he maha o paearu ine, e me te ū ki te pūnaha-hinonga. Ko ratou:

- hua ā-tau (hei tauira, 2014) - 10 piriona moni .. (Rāngai Production) me e 4 piriona. Miria. (No te ahuwhenua);

- kia fuoloa nui o tāke utua ki pūtea o ngā taumata katoa mo nga tau e toru kua hipa ki: i roto i te ahumahi - neke atu i te 5 piriona moni i roto i te ahuwhenua - i 2 piriona moni) ....

- te maha o ngā kaimahi - i roto i te hanga me te ahuwhenua i te 4 mano iwi .. me 1.5 mano. iwi. aua.

Ngā wāhanga o te hanganga o te rārangi o hinonga rautaki

Tuatahi, ka tuku i te hinonga pakihi ki te hānga tinana nga rauemi whakahaere e hāngai ana katoa e tika ana, te whakau tautukunga ki te paearu i whakapūtātia.

Tuarua, tirohia te mana whakahaere o nga tuhinga i tukuna. Ki te tika, kia tono ai te hinonga pakihi tonu atu rauemi. Hei kawe i ka whai tenei wāhanga 15 ra. Ka rite ki te hua, te tuhituhi whakaaro i runga i te rite o te ine hinonga me paearu kounga. Kei te tonoa te reira ki te Kōmihana Interdepartmental o te Tāhuhu o Ōhanga.

Te toru, whakaaro te Komihana Interdepartmental nga rauemi tuku me te whakatau i runga i ranei ki ngā te kamupene i roto i te rārangi o ngā rōpū rautaki.

Na rawa, te taahiraa whakamutunga ko te whakaaro o nga tono i te hui o te Komihana Kāwanatanga me te whakatau e hāngai ana i runga i te whakauru o te hinonga pakihi i roto i te rārangi pūrongo.

Tuhinga ki te tuku kia whakaurua i roto i te Rārangi

I roto i te tuhinga e te hunga i teie nei ki te kia whakaratohia ki te tinana whakahaere kia whakaurua ki roto ki te rārangi o hinonga rautaki, me kia miramira te whai:

- he tauākī motuhake;

- he kape o te mōkihi katoa o ngā tuhinga turanga, notarized;

- te tika pēke institution te whakatau o te komiti nama, i ngā hinonga pakihi moni tono;

- te mahere pakihi o ngā mahi (nāianei, me te āta) mo te wā tae noa ki te utunga ki tonu o te taurewa ranei here take. Ka tukua tēnei tuhinga ki te aromatawai i te mārama o ngā mahi ōhanga, me te pūtea o te hinonga tono kia whakaurua i roto i te rārangi o hinonga rautaki;

- he tiwhikete o kahore nama i roto i te kamupene i tetahi taunahatanga nama ki te Russian Federation, me te utu tāke.

Ko te rārangi o hinonga systemically nui i te mutunga o 2014

whakaaetia Manatū Ōhanga o te Russian Federation he rārangi o pakihi e kia hoatu āwhina anti-raruraru i roto i te wahi tuatahi. Hanganga o tenei rārangi ko te mape ki te tautoko i te māngai o te mahi nui. Pūkete reira hoki e pā ana ki 57% o GDP me 69% o te production katoa.

Heoi, ki te whakaaro te hinonga pakihi kei te rite hinonga tapahanga e kore te auraa e ko te reira ahurei e taea ki te farii i te tautoko i te āhua. Ki a ia, te tuatahi o te katoa, ka tukua atu ki ngā whakaritenga tino ki te whakapai ake i te mahinga.

I hua o 2014 te rārangi ngā kore anake te kamupene nui pupuri ki faufaa rautaki mo te whenua (hei tauira rererangi ranei Air). Ko te rārangi ngā kamupene me iti nui, hei tauira, ngā māngai o nui mekameka hokohoko pērā i "Group Dixy", "Auchan", "Metro ukauka me mauria." Kei te tikanga he āhuatanga pērā rangirua rite te aroaro o te tawhē rawa i roto i te hokohoko, me te te ngaro o ngā whakaritenga ki te aukati i utu pātai e pā ana ki te tautoko āhua o whatunga arumoni meinga etahi tukemata. hokomaha Modern me hypermarkets he kahore parekura me utu maranga utua e te hua i roto i utu koloa.

Ko te rārangi tuatahi o te hinonga rautaki i hanga i roto i te tau 2008, ka hoki Russia i raro i ngā āhuatanga ōhanga uaua. Ahakoa te rārangi ngā 300 kamupene, i roto i nei 34 ko te kaupapa o te whakahaere o te matatini agro-ahumahi , me te ahumahi kai. I teie mahana, te maha o ngä rängai mea kua heke ki te 32. Ko te katoa maha o taua kamupene i roto i te rārangi - 199.

Tautoko byudzhetformiruyuschih hinonga

Ki te rā, i reira e he maha o ngā take e pā ana ki te tautoko i hinonga rautaki, me te tino i te taumata kāwanatanga.

Tuatahi, i reira he kahore tikanga motuhake me ngā puka o te tautoko kāwanatanga.

Tuarua, i runga i te paetukutuku e pā ana o te Manatū Ōhanga o te Russian Federation tuhia e ko ia i roto i te rārangi o te hinonga pakihi kore e hiahiatia ki te kī tautoko ka e whakaratohia. Tatauranga i roto i 2008 fakapapau'i tenei. O nga kamupene 300, anake e pā ana ki 37 i taea ki te tiki moni i te pūtea kāwanatanga, 11 - haumi, me te 10 - taurangi kāwanatanga. riro Āwhina 40 anake kamupene. I te wa ano e toru ngā momo o te āwhina kāwanatanga - 6 kaupapa (rerewē Russian me ahumahi korero).

mahue Oil me te hau kamupene i waho te tautoko o te katoa. Ko tenei tau e taea te tiki e ratou pūtea i te Pütea Welfare Motu.

Rārangi o hinonga nui o te Moscow Region

Just rite i meatia ai rite te katoa puta noa Russia, tautuhia hinonga tapahanga o te rohe Moscow. Tenei rārangi ngā 288 kamupene nui. whakaputaina ana te rārangi i runga i te paetukutuku e pā ana o te Tāhuhu o Investment, Moscow rohe. Kua paearu pērā whakaaro rite te tokomaha o nga kaimahi, e kore e nui 500 iwi, me te he koha nui ki te ōhanga o te pa municipality ranei.

Ko te rārangi o ngā pūtahi systemically nui ko te rohe Moscow me nga pakihi e kua rēhita i roto i te rārangi hāngai i roto i te katoa o Russia. Enei hinonga pakihi e "Demikhovsky Engineering Plant", "Flight Research Institute. MM Gromov, "" Metrovagonmash "etc.

Ko te kupu, e nehenehe tatou e kite e ko tenei te kamupene o faufaa rautaki mo te rohe Moscow kore anake, engari Russia rite te katoa, a kia kia whakaratohia te tautoko kāwanatanga hāngai.