Hoahoa whatunga hiko: ngā whakaritenga hangarau, tāutanga me te whakaaetanga

I roto i te hanganga o ngā rārangi hou tuku, teihanaroto hiko me te whakahoutanga, roha, tikanga hangarau re-hou tuatahi i hanga te hoahoa o whatunga hiko. e kawea drawings, mahere, tātaitanga kawenga i roto i tango ki pūkete ture tīariari. whakarato i te tikanga mo ki nga whakaritenga whakarite mahi pono o whatunga, wae turuki me ngā hanganga, whakarato kiritaki ki haumaru, te whakapai ake i te mahi hangarau, me te kounga o ratou pūngao hiko. Ki whatunga hiko ngā rārangi e kua powered e kiritaki tāone, me te ahuwhenua, tae atu ki ngā taputapu tūmatanui, pakihi me ngā rōpū o te ahumahi, whare me te vahi ahurea.

Whakaritenga ki whatunga hiko o te kohi ahuwhenua

Ko te aronga o te whanaketanga o kiritaki tuawhenua o hiko te nuinga kei roto pātai rārangi pūrere 35-110 Kw. E hāngai ana ratou i runga i ngā rārangi motu ki te ngaohiko o te mania matua me te rahui tahi, mahi i runga i nga teihanaroto hiko matatini. Raina ki rāhui tahi whangaia i te tāuru o ngā teihanaroto. Ki te hua i te mana e te hiko taua, nga tikanga o te hoahoa hangarau o whatunga hiko tukua hononga ki ngā pūnaha rerekē kotahi substation. hononga mana tārua, ki te tika, aunoa.

substation New i raro i hanga hono OSG mahi substation crosscuts rārangi mana manga ranei atu te kaupapa, tango ki pūkete te taea o te hōkaiipurangi whatunga ngā. Ki te whai i te rārangi tawhito, me te hou whakarara, aro reira te take o te whakawhiti o te hiko ngā ki te ngaohiko teitei.

Whakaritenga mo nga teihanaroto hiko

Substation hiko taputapu whakaratohia hoki te whakamahi ngā wāhanga ahumahi ahumahi momo tino oti, me te kati, hanga o pereki, poraka raima me awhi.

Ko te tauira ka waha hoahoa kotahi, me te whakaaetia e wāhanga paerewa ki te hoahoa whakaaro e riro nei ki raro ki te whanaketanga ahumahi ki te puta ratou tuku ki te wa, ka tīmata te tāutanga. Hoahoa whatunga hiko te tikanga he tohu o te tuku tuhinga. Ehara i whakaaetia te whānui o ngā rahi whakamahia hanga hanganga, he maha iti momo.

E hanga whakatau i runga i te pūtake o ngā tawhā hiko o kaupapa hoahoa economical i muri i whakatairite e rave rahi taatou. Ko te tino hiahia ki te hoahoa, i whakarato te utu i raro. E whiriwhiria tawhā Hangarau o whatunga hiko i roto i runga i te rere mana i roto i te aratau whakahaere katoa.

E riro te parekura whakatau tata i runga i te uara tīkina o ngaohiko makaka i te kokoru me elektopriemnika tohu ngaohiko tīkina i roto i te pūnaha supply pokapū. Ki te nga raraunga hangarau mō te tātai o te parekura whakaaetia e ngaro, mo te tātai o whatunga terenga tango moni ngaohiko 8%, production rārangi - 6.5%, pāmu kararehe - 4% o te tawhā iti.

whakaritea Utaina whakaaro kiritaki hiko katoa e kua whangai i te hiko hangaia. E mau kawenga ki te 'amanaki o te 10 tau, te wāhanga definition o te waea, me te taura, ko te hoki 5 tau i te rā o te whakaaetanga. Ki te mea kua takoto te kaupapa mō ngā tau e toru, me te kua kore i whakatinanahia, e kore e te hanga o te whatunga hiko i runga taua mea kawea i roto i, e arotakengia te pūkete raraunga.

Tika o Tohu supply hiko

E wehea Electroreceivers kiritaki kore-ahuwhenua, kai i runga i ngā whatunga whenua ahuwhenua ki ngā kāwai i runga i te tika o te whakaritenga supply hiko rānei. E whakatakotoria paerewa tika mō ia kāwai i roto i te tuhinga tari, me te takoto i te momo o te pūrere tāuru kaiwhakamahi.

Hoahoa o te whatunga hiko tuawhenua tei runga i te kāwai o kiritaki o ahuwhenua production, terenga me te whare kai. whakaratohia Division ratou i runga i kāwai 1 me 2 te i roto i te puka o te rārangi i roto i te aratohu huarahi ki te whakarite kiritaki mana pāmu hiko.

Ki te kore e kiritaki i roto i te rārangi, e kīia ratou ki rite Kāwai 3. whakaratohia supply Power e te kāwai tuatahi e rua o rua transformers whakawhiti, motuhake i ia atu. Whatiia ratou supply hiko e kore nui ake i te wa o te whakahokinga mai te mana aunoa. Ki te mahi i tenei, tomo koutou ki te kiritaki whakaratohia mo te tāutanga o te pūrua aunoa.

whakarato supply mana centralized he puna mana tuarua i roto i te puka o te substation ki e rua transformers e rua wāhanga o potae o te substation kotahi ranei. Ki te ko te kiritaki i roto i te uru mamao, ka hoatu e ia te tārua hiko tūkotahi. Hoki whawhati tata supply hiko tārua kaiwhiwhi o te kāwai e rua tuatahi, e kore e nei tukua pōrearea mo 0.5 haora, hoahoa o whatunga hiko whakarato he pūtake tārua o te mana supply pŭpŭ tauturu Freelance ahakoa i runga i ngā rārangi matua.

ture General

kawea Hoahoa me te wahi mārohirohi o te mahere ariki i roto i tango ki pūkete te mutunga-mata o te substation e whakaritea e te tirohanga-a i te wa o te hoahoa. kawea hoahoa whatunga hiko i roto i rite ki nga tikanga o te Code Whenua. Ēnei pepa ngā nga whakatau o ngā kaunihera ā-rohe te taumata e tika ana o te withdrawal o whenua i nga tangata mo te hanganga o whakaurunga pūngao.

Hoahoa whatunga hiko te whakamahi i te mōhiohio e whai ake nei:

• titauraa o kiritaki ki te hono i te substation ki te mātiti;
• electroreceivers whakaritenga ka hono ki te Utilities;
• titauraa o rangatira whenua i roto i te pā ana ki te hiko me te whatunga;
• paerewa o hoahoanga me te whakamahere rongoā;
• te uta me ratou tohatoha rite ki nga wāhanga o te whanaketanga o te substation e hāngai ana i runga i ngaohiko me ngā kāwai o ngā kaiwhakamahi;
• raraunga hangarau e pā ana ki rohe kawenga o te hiko;
• te raraunga tata i runga i te katoa transformers mana me ratou tokomaha;
• whakaritenga mo te hanganga o te ara iahiko e honoa;
• tikanga o te huri i te ngaohiko i runga i te substation ngā pahi hiko.

Rauemi o te raraunga i runga ake

supply mana Electric mo te whakaritenga i runga ake whakamahi te tuhinga e whai ake nei:

• taiawhio pūngao o ngā rārangi mana, me nga āhuatanga hangarau o te whare mana supply waho;
• tikanga Hangarau ki te hono i te kamupene te mana;
• Tuhinga mō te wahi tikanga mo te hanga;
• tawhā hangarau o te ohipa o te kiritaki.

Ki te kahore he pea o te whiwhi raraunga i ngā matatiki tuatahi, ngā mōhiohio tawhito ranei, nga kaimahi engineering hanga nga tātai tika, me te whakatau i te mōhiohio ngaro i roto i te wā mua hanga-.

Hoahoa o whatunga hiko me ngā pūnaha, ngā tipu te mana waiariki ngā nga whare me ngā rauhanga e whai ake nei:

• whare ahumahi me awheawhe, te whare matua, hanganga hiko, taputapu, me te pūnaha whakawera wai, hau me te tāuta hinu wahie;
• whare me te hanganga, me te mau pŭpŭ wāhi ahumahi, Launchers nga kohua i, marae rokiroki, ruma whakahaere me te whaipainga, awheawhe me te hinu whakakī;
• tautoko whakaurunga, rerewē, teihana, tima, nga karati;
• puunaha maimoatanga tipu, taiapa, ara, rori, whenua, whare rangitahi me wharau poma.

E kawea mahi hoahoa i roto i na tohunga o te taumata hangarau tiketike, te tauira whakarato mō ngā pūrere tiketike-kakama, me te taputapu. hāngai ana rongoā Hangarau e runga whakarato pono, haumi utu me te utu o te mahi tonu.

Kei taputapu hangarau te ka hono ki te huru no te tiaki watea, me te hanga, te hiahia mo te mechanization tonu me te whakaiti o te wahi o te mahi ā-ringa. Tohutohu mo te hoahoa o whatunga hiko titau tūnga o te kaimahi ruma me ruma i roto i nga wahi motuhake i te taiepa o te taputapu mahi. Roto kore takoto paipa whakaaro hangarau, me te haunga o te wai, parakaingaki, whakawera me te ventilation.

Mana me te aunoatanga

I roto i te E whakaratohia tipu te mana hou tikanga o te mana ki te whakamahi o te pūnaha mana aunoa taea ki a koe te whakarite te mahi ki te wāhi mamao, te whakatika i te ngā mahi tātai, kïia e, tiaki, kōrero whawhati tata. Scope o mana tangohia i roto i te kaupapa i roto i runga i te tohutohu o nga aratohu tari.

whakaritea te mahi whakahaere rōrahi e hāngai i runga i te aronga o te aunoatanga, ngā tukanga mahi i whakaoho, mutu me te uta i ngā huringa o ngā waeine takitahi te pūnaha katoa ranei. tūranga mana aunoa hoatu momo rerekē: poraka mana te mana, ngā rārangi mana, me transformers crosslinked.

mana Modular te mana i te kiato poari tohatoha pokapū tu ngaahi houalotú awhi mana whare noa pahoho tāuta compressor substation.

Ngohe i runga i te tiaki whenua

teihanaroto Electrical e kei i runga i nga whenua o ngā wāhi tūmataiti me te terenga i roto i runga i te ture o te ture whenua, he kohinga o mahi i runga i te tiaki o ngā rauemi māori, waehere hanga me ngā ture. A tuu i te pae heke mai te tīpako e hāngai ana i runga i here ki te kaupapa o te mahere ngā me te mahere ariki o te hinonga ahumahi.

Hoahoa tukutuku hiko rohe e tupu homai te meka e whakamahi i te faanahoraa no te whatunga hiko me nga teihanaroto o te whakamahi whenua kore-ahuwhenua, me hua iti. I raro i hanga tapahia te ka rongoa purupurua, muri nei i heke whenua huakore.

whai wāhi rangatira wāhi kaupapa ki te utu mo te whakamahi o te whenua ahuwhenua. Ki te puta te aukati o te whenua mo te whakamahi poto, i roto i te heke mai, he kaupapa ki te māra oneone tuarua tenei. Structures i whakaritea mo te hanganga o teihana mana e kei torutoru vai pūrere ratonga turuki i roto i ngā whare maha-papa. e kore e whare New ārai ngā taonga ahumahi me te whare.

Design o nga whatunga mana tohatoha i runga tino ki te tikanga o te whare kiato, hoatu i roto i Katikati. Engari hoki i roto i te rohe kaupapa mo te roha i roto i te kupenga hiko i mua nei e tautuhia i roto i runga i te whakatakotoranga kaupapa me rangahau whaihuanga. Tapawhā pungarehu a e tatau poma para tango ki pūkete te whakamahi atu o nga rauemi mo te tongi i roto i te ōhanga motu.

A tomokanga ara ki te whakahaere whare substation matapae ki te Unuhia taua o waikeri whenua, taputapu, whakawera mains ngā rārangi, te wai me te paipa takere whakaritea compactly whakawhānui kore e putorino ofati i te rohe o nga whenua ahuwhenua.

te pïra e Haumarutanga

Hoki tenei whakaaro, i roto i te faaineineraa o te kaupapa whakarato mahi me ngā pūrere motuhake ki te kawe ki raro, puehu, me matū kino i roto i te paparanga i runga ake-whenua o te huru ki ngā taumata o ngā tikanga parukore. whakaratohia ana tēnei huru i roto i te tohu rerekē o te substation hiko, tae atu ki te tautuhinga mana rawa.

Measures mo te tiaki o te tinana o te wai

Hanga whakaurunga maimoatanga wai ki te tiaki i te tinana wai i contamination tomo ki o parakaingaki. E hanga ēnei taonga e hāngai ana i runga i nga tikanga parukore. tīpakohia tētahi tukanga mō te rongoā te wai ururua ahumahi te i runga i nga tikanga mahi motuhake o te tipu hangaia rānei. hanga rārangi High-ngaohiko i runga i te tikanga whakaritea i roto i te tawhiti i te Faarii.

I te ara ki te horoi pāngia e te momo o te taputapu e whakamahia ana, me ona kaha. aratau Guide o te whakamahi, ahua o wahie, he tikanga o te tango i nga hua o te parariraa, pūnaha meangiti, te tikanga makariri, me ētahi atu mahi. tuituia rere matapae o ngaa te ki nga ratonga o te tirotiro hauora tūmatanui, tiaki o roto ika me ētahi atu tinana.

kaupapa Transport

Kei te hangaia Transport o kaupapa roto, o waho o taonga mo te mahi o te substation i runga i te pūtake o te whakarite o ngä tohu hangarau, me te ōhanga o ngā kōwhiringa. Whakamahia nekeneke, tereina, te wai, ara waka rangi ranei. kaimahi Haringa i te noho ki te rohe e mahi i nga tikanga tino pai o te waka, tuku ki te noho i te nui te iti rawa o te wā.

Kei Transportation o taonga, me ngā pāhihi i runga i nga teihanaroto hiko i roto i ngā wāhi ahumahi, e hono ana ki te kaupapa whānui o te aratau ikiiki ngā me ara whanaketanga kaupapa mō te wā e heke mai. puta te reira i transportation tahi mahi tahi ki tata ngā ka matapae hinonga.

Fariiraa, te tuku me te rokiroki o te hinu wahie, te hinu hau

tatau te whakaritenga o ia rā mō te whakawera i te mahi o te kōhua i kaha noa o te 20 haora whakahaere. Ki te tangohia ki pūkete te pāmahana toharite o makariri te marama o te tau, ka kawea te tātaitanga i roto hoki te 24 haora. tipu Power whakahaere i runga i wahie mārō, hangaia ki te whakatau i te pae rama-hanga. Ki te whakamahia wera nga kohua i tihi wai, ngā ratou ohanga e ki ake pūrere.

e hāngai ana te hoahoa whatunga hinonga hiko kei runga i te supply o hinu wahie kōhua tīmata i te wae hinu wahie tuatahi tuarua ranei. Ki te hangaia te wahie matua whakaratohia mo te whakamahi o te hau, hei wāhanga o te kōhua te wāhi mana hau. Kei te wae tohatoha kei i runga i te rohe o te substation i roto i te whare motuhake i raro i te tuanui ranei.

whakaritea wahie hau kohi e te tātai i te rere mōrahi ki nga kohua i katoa. kawea eyeliner hau te i roto i motuhake mo ia wāhi tohatoha, e whakamaheretia Ōseni tūtatari. Ko te maha o ngā wae mana i roto i ia wāhi tohatoha whakarato kotahi atu i te mea he tārua.

tipu Power whakanoho iho ki te rarangi ōhanga hiko me te mīhini huri hiko hinu. Farm ngā rokiroki tāke hua hou, ka pau, te kutētē pūrere, maroke pūrere, whakaiti taputapu. I roto i transformers potting whakamahia pūkoro tipu puretumu, hauota rauemi kiriata tiaki ranei. Ko te substation matatini kaha tāuta o te hinu wha mīhini huri hiko, me te hiko, e rua tāke motuhake whakarato mō te rokiroki o te hinu mīhini hinu.

kaupapa kāinga hiko

Ko te kaupapa whakawhanakehia e te supply hiko waho o ngā whare noho, me te tūmatanui, e kore e whakaurua pukupuku waea roto i roto i tona hanganga. hangaia kaupapa Angamaheni e ki hono mana hiko ki kiritaki ki te tahora paerewa. Ki te te wāhi o te whare marae matara i te otinga paerewa, ka hou te kaupapa kei te ki te whakaata i ēnei huringa.

Kei te nuinga whakamahia kaupapa mana fare i roto i ngā whare hou, i roto i nei takoto te kamupene hanga e ki te hanga i te maha itinga o ngā hononga. He he he ahua o te kaupapa, i huaina nei te ingoa o te tangata takitahi, e āhei ki a koutou taea te whanaketanga o waho, ā-me te ōhanga supply hiko. supply arumoni o te hiko hanga reira taea ki te whakahaere i ngā pūnaha kōrero me te rangi-conditioning.

Hātepe mō te rēhitatanga kaupapa

Kei kaupapa te mana o te fare i te ngakau ngā. tuku māngai ratou whakaaro o te hiko kaiwhakarato mo tenei whakahaere i roto i te tono kei te. Ko nga āhua tuhinga:

• whakaingoa me te wāhitau o te whare;
• ahua uara hoahoa ngaohiko;
• tohu kawenga tatau;
• Mono momo ngaohiko;
• tohu te reira i te aronga o te whakamahi pūngao, pērā i whakawera me te hanga i te wai wera.

I tua atu ki te hanga i te tauākī o te mahere whānui o te pae, nga tuhinga o te mana, mahi raihana mō mahi.

Roto i te whakamutunga, kia tuhia te reira e titau i te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa matauranga ngaio me raihana, na te kohikohinga o ngā tuhinga whawha e tohunga Energy Company, e kore e mahi i te kaupapa motuhake.