IL-86 - he airbus Soviet pono

IL-86 ko te rererangi whānui-tinana tuatahi, hangaia i roto i te USSR. Tona ahua i tika ki te hiahia whāinga o te rererangi. He katoa o 106 rererangi, o nei i tukua e toru i roto i Haina i whakaputaina i roto i te wā o te hanga. Ki taea IL-86 rere puta noa i te whenua, i roto i te eighties i toe langa reira maha runways i rererangi nui. Ko te mahi matua i faataahia ki te tauira rererangi, ko ki te whakarato i te whānuitanga reo rangi waka. timata te whakakore-i roto i o tenei momo o te waka rererangi i te 2001.

IL-86 - ko reira te tino nui Soviet airliner whānui-tinana ki wha engines. Ka taea te whakaaro te timatanga o te hanganga o taua mea te tau 1967, no ka takoto te Kaunihera o Minita Resolution i te whanaketanga o taua mihini. Tuatahi kē IL-86 i taea e te hou Il-62 (toronga o te takere, te rua o nga whakapaipai, porotītaha-wāhanga ripeka), engari e kore i tenei kōwhiringa riro whanaketanga. Whanaketanga o te tauira waru tekau-tuaono i roto i te Ilyushin Hoahoa Bureau tīmata i roto i te 70. manureva mo te wa tuatahi i kite te rangi 22.12.1976, a i roto i Pipiri 1977 whakakitea reira te iwi whānui i te whakaaturanga rangi i roto i Paris. Ko te airliner rere tuatahi i hanga i roto i te mutunga o nga 1980. Neke atu i te te wā katoa o te mahi o te rererangi whakaturia 18 pūkete ao i runga i ngā tawhā. I tua atu ki te hanga tauira, kia hanga he papa motuhake mo te Russian te peresideni me te rererangi e rua mo te Armed Forces Whakahaua. Ko tētahi o nga whakarerekētanga o te Ōseni ki te pīmuri "D" riro te pūtake mo te hanganga o te tauira i muri - te Il-96. I roto i te tukanga o te kōwhiri IL-86 kaupapa, pikitia o nei e whakaaturia i konei i takoto nizkoplan kahakina parirau me engines wha ki āhua pylon karo ōwehenga i raro i te parirau. whakamana Tīpakonga o te mahi aerodynamic o te Ōseni i hāngai i runga i nga rangahau ariā, me te whakamātau matatini, ko te whakaaro ki te whiwhi i te tika ngā āhuatanga ture whāwhā, te pūmautanga, me ngā āhuatanga aerodynamic.

Ko te āhuatanga hangarau matua o te rererangi e whai ake:

- kaha nohoanga - 350 te iwi;

- parirau - 48 m;

- roa - 60 m;

- tiketike - 15.8 m;

- mōrahi me te ina tauihi ana tere - 970 me 950 km / h, aua;

- whānui - 4.6 mano km ;.

- mōrahi te wakarererangi taimaha - 215 m (he kahore kawenga rererangi taimaha 117,5 t);

- kohi wahie - 11.5 m / h.

Tohunga whakaae e taea te whakaaro IL-86 tetahi o te rererangi haumaru i roto i te ao. Ko tōna taumata tiketike o te haumaru whakamarie, me, whakau te tōtika whakahaere me te manufacturability 130 tiwhikete. complexes Ōseni rawa ki te hou whakatere me te mana e whakarato ana i te kaha ki te kore e maha waka o te iwi e toru ki te ngāwari te kawe i roto i ngā rerenga auau i tetahi wa o te ra, te tau, me te i roto i rerekē ngā takiwā makariri. I roto i ngā wā Soviet, ko reira tetahi o te rererangi optimally whakamaheretia tino māhorahora wāhi roto. I roto i ngā, i roto i te āhuatanga taketake kia tuhia tūru whakamarie, whakapaipai whakapaipai, me te roto, te whakanohonga angitu o te matatini pātaka-kīhini, te rahi pūkoro me te tika o nga kaata ratonga piha.