Ivan Dmitriev, rohi pehe-fabulist me Statesman

E hia o tatou i teie mahana e taea te mea e Ivan Dmitriev? Na, i mohiotia kotahi pai te ingoa o te tangata ki tona to'utangatá, no te mea whakakororia Ivan ia rite te tuhituhinga, me te i roto i te mara kāwanatanga.

A feruri i te haurongo o te tangata i roto i te taipitopito atu.

Tau o te tamarikitanga, me te taiohi

whanau Future fabulist Russian Ivan Dmitriev i roto i Mahuru 1760 i roto i te whenua o tona papa, kei te i roto i te kawanatanga Kazan. no te tamaiti ki te Dmitriev whānau pai, e heke iho i te rangatira o Smolensk.

riro Ivan he mātauranga pai i te kāinga, a ka haere tonu ana akoranga i te kura tūmataiti i Simbirsk.

Ko te whakarau o tona whakatikanga ake awe whānau arahina e Pugachev, i meinga mātua ki te neke ki te pane. tuhia Young Ivan i te hoia semenov, a ahakoa ko tino Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev kahore huru mo te whawhai, i rongo ia ia na metua, a meinga ana ia hei hoia.

Kaiako o te kaituhi heke mai

mana nui i runga i te whanaketanga o te tuakiri o te tangata te kuao i rua kaituhi nui Russian - e rua Nicholas tino: NI Novikov ko N. M. Karamzin.

Te reira i riro Novikov te irava matamua o te taitamariki Dmitrieva tā ratou makasini, unuhia ana tana pūhohe, i tupu i muri mai ki te marama ki te tales patupaiarehe.

N. Karamzin, he tawhiti whanaunga Dmitriev, whakaurua te tangata taitama ki te mahi o te sentimentalism puāwaitanga Western ka awhinatia kitea ia tona wahi i roto i te tuhinga Russian o te wā. Te moheni, whakaputaina nei ko Nikolai Mikhailovich, a ka tāngia Dmitrieva te maau "tangi kukupa kukupa." Kua whakakororia tenei mahi te rohipehe taitamariki.

Ko te toru o te kaiako nui Dmitrieva ko te rongonui pehe Russian Derzhavin, nei i muri i mohio ki nga mahi o Ivan Ivanovich kihai i hoatu e anake ia he rota o tohutohu mahi, engari ano ki te maheni ki ratou hoa kaituhi.

Ko te angitu tuhituhi tuatahi

whakaputaina Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev tona pukapuka tuatahi o rotarota i 1795. huaina e ia te reira "Na aku trinkets." e pā ana te ingoa rerekē pērā i ki te hītori o te putanga o tenei kohinga ki te marama.

Ko te meka i whakamahere i te Karamzin taketake me Dmitriev ki te whakaputa i te kohinga tahi o rotarota, engari ko te whakaaro mo etahi take e kore e makona. Karamzin i mua 1795 ka whakaputaina he kohinga huaina reira "aku trifles", i muri whakaputaina he pukapuka e Dmitriev, e te tapiti te brainchild o N. M. Karamzina.

Ko te taa o enei kohikohinga e rua ko te whakamahi o te tuhinga o te pukapuka "e", i whanau i roto i te mahi a Karamzin.

ratonga tūmatanui

tonu Ivan Dmitriev ki te mahi ki te fatherland nga tau katoa o te kingitanga o Catherine te nui. Ahakoa i roto i ngā mahi tuhituhi hanga mahi parekareka rihaina ia. I roto i te 1796 tupu te reira ki a ia hui rawa kino: i runga i te faahaparaa teka o tona puke (riro nga mana e whakatakoto puku ana Dmitriev ki te patu i te hou Hiha Paora Petrovich). Heoi, i itehia kaiwhāki teka, a ninii i te Hiha Pavel Dmitriev ana ara.

Whakaritea ki te tari tūmatanui tiketike, e ngana ana tino Dmitriev ki kore mahi mo te utu nui, me te hinengaro. Heoi, e kore e taea, me i roto i 1799 rihaina ia.

karanga ana te hou Emperor Alexander Pavlovich hoki kua kaumātua Dmitrieva ki te mahi. Ki e pahono ia ki tona whakaae.

riro Ivan Dmitriev te toofa, a ka he mema o te Kaunihera State. tavini ia wā, e ngana ana ki te mahi i to koutou pai. Heoi, whanoke me ravea o hoariri whakamamaetia Dmitrieva. Ngenge o ratou, rihaina Ivan. ka mea te Emperor poroporoaki ki te rohi pehe e tumanako ia mo tona hoki ki te mahi tūmatanui, engari reira e kore tupu.

Ivan Dmitriev: Fables me ētahi atu tohi

I roto i te aamu o te tuhinga Russian haere mai Ivan i rite kaikohi o Russian pakiwaitara, translator me te kaituhi o tito. kawea Rongonui ia taua whiti rite "Ermak", "Ki te Täingäwai", "tikanga Alien" me etahi atu.

I roto i ana mahi, i taea e te iriti me lyricism ata o te whiti Karamzin, Derzhavin me hakari, a Sapphire Novikov ia.

I tua atu ki o ratou ake mahi tuhituhi, whai wāhi Ivan i te ora o tona i'oa - te fabulist rongonui Krylov, i āwhina a ia ki te whakatū i taua te fabula - ko tona piiraa pono, a ka awhinatia ki te tāutu i A. rawa taitamariki S. Pushkina Lyceum i Tsarskoye selo, he aha kua awhinatia i roto i ngā huarahi maha te whanaketanga o taranata o te punake nui Russian.

mate Ivan i 77 tau o tona ora i roto i Moscow i Oketopa 1837. I tanumia ia i te urupā Donskoy. Kei te tiaki tona urupa noa tenei ra.

Haurongo Ivana Dmitrieva - ko te tauira o te ora o te rangatira nui Russian, me te kaituhi. He tika, me te tika, ko wai i taea e ki te hanga i tētahi mahi pai tuhituhi, ko te akonga o te rohi pehe Russian rongonui, i taea e ki te āwhina i te tomo kaituhi tauhou ki te ao taonga, me te maha-faceted i huaina "Russian Literature" ia. Na reira, he tauira o te ora o tenei tangata, ko te tino haapiiraa.