Ivan Mazepa - he hero motu he kaituku ranei. whakaahua hītori

Ivan Mazepa - tetahi o te rongonui tino o Hetman Cossack Ukraine. I roto i te aamu i mahue he tohu rite te kaitōrangapū, e whawhai hoki te rangatiratanga o to ratou ahua. I te tau 2009, i roto i Ukraine i whakapumautia te Order o Mazeppa, kua whakawhiwhia reira mo whakatutukitanga i roto i te hautoa motu, te faarahiraa, me te hanga tūmatanui.

Pedigree Ivan Mazepa

whanau Mazepa Ivan Stepanovich i roto i Maehe 20, 1640, titau te tahi mau puna e te tau torutoru i muri i roto i te wāhi mamao Kamenz, i muri whakaingoatia Mazeppists, e tata ana te Ekalesia White. Ko te tamaiti te tama a gentry Ukrainian. whaea o Ivan Mariya Magdalina ko te whai, haapiihia wahine ki tona whakaaro tōrangapū. I roto i tona ora, ko ia kaitohutohu tama. Ko te 13 tau whakamutunga o tona ora ko te Mother Superior o te Kiev Caves Monastery.

Matua Ivan Mazepa Stepan, i mahi Arama rite hetman karapotia Vygovskogo.

hanganga

Mai riro tamarikitanga Ivan Mazepa he mātauranga pai. I roto i te whenua o tona papa, ako ia eke me te kainga saber, ako ngā pūtaiao. Na ka ka ia he ākonga o te Kyiv-Mohyla Collegium. Hemohemonga pai hiahia i roto i te mahi o mau philosopho Kariki me Roma, e whangai ana ki te tuhinga Pākehā, korero e rave rahi reo.

I muri i tu'ite, ka tonoa tona papa Ivan ki mahi te Whārangi 'ki te kingi Polish. I te marae o Ivan Mazepa faaite i hanga ano, hua rangatira. I tonoa e ia ki te whiwhi mātauranga atu i roto i te whare wānanga o Western Europe. I roto i nga tau o tona akoranga, i ia wa ki te haere ki Itari, France, Germany me Holland.

mīharo te hetman Ukrainian heke mai te iwi i te mawhiti. te mana e kore anake o tona whakaaro, ko te mea whakapati me te kounga waho ko tona kāri tetere i te wa o te anga arawhata.

Te āhuatanga i roto i Ukraine

Ivan Mazepa, nei biography he ki tonu i te haupūtanga me tenei ra, kua tae mai te ara roa ki te tihi o tona mahi tōrangapū. I te mutunga o te rau tau XVII kihai a Cossack Ukraine te pai o ngā wā. Whenua te tikanga e toru Hetman, i arahina e rerekē mana ke.

Pita Doroshenko ko he karetao o te ariki nui Turkish, nei i tona ake ngākau nuitanga tōrangapū i roto i tenei rohe.

puritia Getman Samoylovich tūranga pro-Russian.

Ivan Mazepa, kia rite ki te tahi mau puna, ua tiavaruhia o i te marae mo te whawhai ki te hoa mahi, i runga i te tahi atu - no te kōrero ki te pannoy faaipoipo. Engari kia e rite taua mea kia, i roto i te 1664 ka tonoa e Jan Kazimierz he ope ki te Mauī-Bank Ukraine, mahue Mazepa te tinana, a haere ana ki tona kainga taketake o tona papa.

I roto i te 1665, i muri i te matenga o tona papa, ka mau a Ivan Mazepa tona tūranga, ka meinga epicalyx Chernigov.

Moe o te mahi i roto i tōrangapū, te tango ia he pouaru taonga Anna Fridrikevich, e hohoro mate ka mahue ia i te waimarie nui me ngā hononga whai hua. Matua o Anna purapura moenga, Polovets he momotuhi whānui, whakarato Tuhinga o tana tama-a whakarite te reira i roto i te mahi ki te hetman Doroshenko. I te "Turkish" Hetman Mazepa māia, me te te tohunga meinga he ope rangatira paru, me te i muri i te papa'i parau.

I roto i te 1674 e tuku Doroshenko Mazepa i te Krymskoe Hanstvo me Turkey. I roto i te hakari whakawhiti Sultan Cossack nevolnikov- mahue pēke. I roto i Crimea, wawahi reira Ivan Sirko, engari e kore ia e whakamatea, a ka whakawhiti Samoylovich. Utaina taparuraa o iwi, titau te tahi mau puna e ora kupu a ahi Mazepa i tona ora.

Ivan Mazepa, nei biography he ki tonu i te hohoko pari o te whakarau, ka ki te titiro i muri i ngā tamariki a Bank Mauī Hetman, a muri mo te mahi mateaki i whakaritea e ia esaul. maha tonoa Samoylovich Mazepa i Russia, i reira riro ratou i te manakohia o tino o te kingi, Prince Golitsyn.

hetman

I roto i te Hōngongoi 1687 Mazeppa, ki pōtitia te whai wāhitanga o ona tauhou i hetman o Mauī-Bank Ukraine, me tona mua Samoylovich tahi ki te utuafare, me te tira i tonoa ki Siberia.

Ētahi puna titau e moni Mazepa Golitsyn mo tokoni, ētahi atu turaki tenei meka.

Otiia, i te 1689, ka patua te torona Russian Pita taitamariki, i waenganui i te rua ake he auhoaraa piri. hoatu ite Hetman taitamariki tohutohu Nui i runga kaupapa here whanaunga ke ki Poland.

Na, i roto i Ukraine reira ko te pōuri. I roto i te 1690, ka timata te whakatikanga ake Petrik. Mazepa, whakawhirinaki i runga i to ratou ake ope, me te awhina a Pita, kurua tāmia reira. E rave rahi o ana to'utangatá whakapono e kore i Ivan Mazepa, te hītori o te Poari i he rawa toto, ki te to'u tupú rerekē mateakí me lī'oa. ka karanga matou to'utangata enei mau huru tikanga tōrangapū.

He haumi ki Charles XII

Kia e rite kia reira, te Northern War nui, i roa i roto i Russia 21 tau o Bank Mauī Hetman peia ki te haumi ki te kingi Swedish.

I roto i te 1706, i muri i te Russian mahue anake ki te kingi o Sweden, ka hapu Mazepa mana motuhake o Little Russia. Pita e ahau nga muhu'i o te huringa haamouraa haere mai auau hetman Cossack, engari e whakapono ratou kihai ia i hiahia.

I roto i te 1708, i pai Mazepa Ivan Stepanovich ki uru te ope a te kingi, a ka tahi me te wahi iti o te Cossacks, te nuinga rangatira, haere ki Charles.

Pita ahau i riri, no te mea i whakapono ia Mazepa kore anake te hoa kaimahi engari he hoa.

I roto i te 1709 arahina Mazepa tinihanga o te kingi ki te oti te whakangaromanga o Zaporizhzhya sich.