Te pakanga pakanga i roto i 1812 i roto i te whawhai ki te ope o Napoleon

Pakanga War o 1812 ko te pakanga patu o te marea o te kāwanatanga Russian, te nuinga o nga peasants, me te te hōia ope Russian i roto i te muri, me i te whakaurunga nui ki ngā hōia a Napoleon.

timata nga peasants ki he whakakeke noa te whakaeke haavare i roto i Peraruhia ko Lithuania i muri i te taui o te ope Russian. Pakanga te pakanga faaite i mua i roto i te pane whakarerenga o nga kainga, me te whakangaromanga o te kai me te kai. Tino kaupapa pakanga timata ki te whanake i roto i te mutunga o Hōngongoi-wawe August i Smolensk, a muri Kaluga ko Moscow kawanatanga, e ngā o ngā rōpū o kaimahi whakaritea patua i runga i etahi rōpū o te hoariri.

Roaa Crusades rongo nui wae S. Emelyanov, G. Kurin, V. Polovtsev, E. Chetvertakova V. Kozhina me ētahi atu. Kingitanga tuatahi i titiro ki te matakana te kaupapa pakanga. Otiia ki te puipuitua o te ngākau tāmau whenua, ka anga etahi kaiwhakarēti ki te whakarite i ngā wae pakanga kaiahuwhenua. i whakapumautia wae Army ki te whakahaere ngā mahi pakanga i muri rārangi hoariri. Ko te kōwae ako tuatahi taua, arā, o 130 iwi, whakaritea e Kānara D. Psalam i te mutunga o August 1812.

Ko te faufaa o te pakanga te pakanga i roto i te 1812 i hoki te rangatira i roto i te tino, MI Kutuzov, ki te āwhina i te hanganga o nga wae ope pakanga, ki te hoatu tohutohu e pā ana ki o ratou tātai me te rākau. rapua ia ki te whakarite i subordinated te whawhai pakanga ki ona mahere rautaki, me te kakahu ia whakaritea. I roto i Mahuru o te rōpū pakanga ope ngā 36 Tuhinga Cossack 7 Tuhinga kaieke hoiho, Tuhinga 5 hōia 5 ono, 3 matua. hōia Army arahina e raraunga pērā rangatira rite AM Davydov, AN Seslavin, IS Dorokhov, MA Fonvizin, AS Figner me ētahi atu.

He maha o ngā waeine hono nga wae ope nö te taunekeneke ki a ratou ranei. Kei te kaha te whakawhitiwhiti pakanga te pakanga te hōia. I roto i te Mahuru me te tīmatanga o Oketopa, ngā rōpū pakanga (kaiahuwhenua, me te ope) i karapotia Moscow. kawea ratou i roto i te whawhai i runga i te kōrero o te hoariri, ka mau a whakangaromia pāhia i torohe a. i piri hiranga nui ki ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te hoariri i haere mai i ngā rōpū pakanga, e faanahonaho te whawhai i runga i te hoia hoariri me rāhui. Na te whakahaere o ratou ope ki te tukua e te maha nga pa (hei tauira, Vereya).

E rima wiki kua haere mai i te whawhai o Borodino, meinga he whawhai matawhāura nui kino ki te hōia Napoleonic (i patua 30 000 iwi). I taua wa, ka whati te hoariri, whai wāhi mātātoa te guerrillas ki te ope auau i roto i te whai me te whakakorenga o ope hoariri, i te tākaro i te wāhi nui i roto i te mate o ngā hōia a Napoleon.

Hoki nga hua o kaimahi takitahi whakawhiwhia i roto i te puka o St. George me ētahi atu ripeka, engari i roto i te whānui, ratou takoha kua kore i mauruuru. e kua te tohu tino hiahiatia i te wa mo nga peasants kua, o te akoranga, te whakakorenga o serfdom. Heoi, e kore e te whakawāteatanga tupu.