Karaehe o pūhui pararopi

tonu arorau o te ture wā ko te whakarōpū o pūhui pararopi. Ka rite ki te whakarōpū o nga mea timatanga ratou, te whakarōpū o pūhui matū e ngā kitea i roto i te pūnaha wā me ko, reira, he EBP tika, me te whāinga.

Ko te akomanga tino nui o pūhui pararopi: tai, waikura, waikawa, turanga (waihā).

Whakarōpū o matū nui whakahaere te tukanga o te ako. Tino noa ki te tohu i te āhuatanga o ngā māngai takitahi o nga akomanga rerekē, ki te matau koutou nga āhuatanga matū angamaheni o te piha haapiiraa tātarihia.

Karaehe o pūhui pararopi: waikura

Waikura - pūhui o ngā āhuatanga ki te oxygenic, i roto i nei piri te whakamutunga e ki te ngota o te huānga. Tata katoa o nga mea timatanga anake mo te mangere e toru - waikura puka - hauhauhā, haumāmā, Haukura.

Karaehe o pūhui pararopi: waikura hydrates

Ko te nuinga o waikura tika tika ranei ki te wai nui ki te hanga i pūhui e kua huaina hydrates waikura waihā ranei. Gidrokisida hanganga whakahuatia e te tātai whānui E (OH) x, ai E - he huānga e hanga he waihā, x - tohu te tohu o te hāora i roto i te waikura tēnā.

Tei runga i te āhua matū o te waihā huānga wehea ki hydrates waikura taketake (turanga), hydrates waikura amphoteric (waihā o amphoteric), hydrates, waikura waikawa (waikawa). Waihā no ki te piha haapiiraa o pūhui tautuhi wahi türanga huānga i roto i te pūnaha wā, e ai te ātete whanaunga o hononga i waenganui i te huānga me oxygenic - i runga i te ringa kotahi, me i waenganui i oxygenic hydrogenous me - i runga i te tahi atu.

Karaehe o pūhui pararopi: waikawa

Ko te waikawa ngā pūhui matū e ngā o te maha ngota hauwai e te mea e taea ki te kia ngā ki te hanga i tai whakarewa. ngota Rōpū e noho i muri i wāhinga i te waikawa ngota Hauwai muingota tuku toenga waikawa.

Karaehe o pūhui pararopi: tai

Tai o ngā hua whakaaro rite ngota whakakapinga hauwai wāhanga oti ranei ki ngota whakarewa OH rōpū turanga ranei i runga i nga toenga waikawa. I roto i ētahi wā ka taea te whakakapi hauwai i roto i te waikawa, whakarewa kore anake, engari ano hoki i ētahi atu rōpū o ngota e whai he tiaki pai (tīhiko). Tei runga i te hanganga me te kua wehea ngā āhuatanga o te tote ki te momo e whai ake nei: waikawa, taketake, reo, matatini.

Mean tote (noa) i hanga kia rite ki te hua o oti waikawa whakauru ngota hauwai o te whakarewa (te māraa), ranei ngā rōpū hydroxyl i runga i nga toenga whenua waikawa. Ko te āhua piti hāora o te tiaki whakarewa me te moiety waikawa me mohio i roto i te tikanga ki te taea ki te hanga i tika tātai tai reo. E piri tahi ana ratou i roto i taua hanganga e ko electrically kūpapa te tote.

Ko te tai waikawa whiwhi e whakauru wāhanga o ngota i roto i te waikawa hydrogel i runga i whakarewa. Ko te tai waikawa e hanga e waikawa polybasic anake. Ko te tukanga o Mariao waikawa o te tātai pērā i ki tai reo: tiaki cationic takoto me he toenga waikawa, a kua piri tahi nga matūriki i roto i te ōwehenga e kore e ofati i te parau tumu o ngā rāpoi ngota electroneutrality.

tai Basic whiwhi e whakauru wāhanga o te rōpū OH o turanga ranei waihā o amphoteric i runga i ngā toenga waikawa. Tātai Mariao taketake ngā o toenga mnogokislotnyh turanga waihā amphoteric ranei e e wāhanga ngaro rōpū hydroxyl, me ngā toenga waikawa. Ka rite ki i roto i ngā putanga tōmua katoa me piri tonu ki te parau tumu o te tiaraa amui ore hiko.