Ko te whakahaere ōhanga "Customs Union" Ko te pūtake mō ngā ture hangarau

Mai i te ingoa ano, "uniana tikanga" arata'i ki te mutunga e ko te reira i te ahua o te whakaaetanga i waenganui i te maha o āhua. whenua anake i nga tikanga me te tika ki te tomo ki roto ki tetahi whakaaetanga.

Ko te putanga o ngā uniana ritenga

Kua i te timatanga o te rau tau XIX, i 1815, ka hainatia ai te kawenata ōhanga tuatahi, a huaina ana e ia Zollverein, tikanga hangarau nei whakarato mo te whakatū o te hokohoko noa ki mua. Kua nga hua o te wāhi ōhanga noa kua tuhia noa ka. Heoi, whakaaro te taua rōpū matamua ko te Southern African Customs Union. Kei te ture Hangarau whakawhanakehia hoki te wa roa. I hanga e te reira i roto i 1889, ka hainatia te whakaaetanga tuatahi i anake i roto i te tau 1910. Neke atu i te wa, kua mutu etahi āhua huri noa te ao ki ia atu mātauranga ngā uniana taua hāngai e ko protectionism, te tiaki o te mākete i hanga e te whenua tuatoru ranei.

i whakawhanakehia nga tikanga taketake, waehere ao me ngā ture hangarau o te Customs Union. Ka mau ia ki pūkete te wheako o e rua rau tau o enei tohu katoa e whakapai ake i te wa katoa ki te waihanga i tētahi tono uniana, nui haere te maha o whakawāteatanga mō te kaupapa.

Ko te painga o taua whakaaetanga

Te tango rohe, te whakatūnga o te mākete ā-kotahi, te whakakāhoretanga o ngā utu me utu mō tikanga whakawātea - pānga tenei katoa te utu o te taonga kawea.

Ko te ingoa o tenei uniana i mua i te nuinga o te iwi e pā ana ki te mea e kore e korero. Ehara i te mea noa 2006, ka ia tīmata tuatahi korero e pā ana ki te hanganga o te Customs Union i waenganui Peraruhia, Kazakhstan ko Russia, i mahara ki te whakahauora i te pūtake o te EurAsEC - Eurasian Ohaoha Union (tu te whakarāpopototanga mō tenei). I te wa ano whakaaetia reira te tikanga waehere kotahi, me te tāke kotahi mō taonga katoa kawea. I roto i tenei rōpū he maha filí me fakaangá. Otiia e kore e taea e koe whakakahore i te meka e i roto i 2012 rererua te taonga o katatānga.

E ai ki te tauākī o Sergey Glazyev, te ka tūnga o te waka haepapa Hekeretari o te Kōmihana (tinana ture, me te pūmau), mo te hawhe tuatahi o te oraraa o te pane Economic Community o whenua ngā i roto i kua nui haere reira i tetahi toru, me te hokohoko i roto i te wāhi rohe - 40%. Hua i te mawhiti.

Taumu'a o ture hangarau

Ki te hanganga o tenei whakahaere i maha fifi, i rite kitea e te wa pahure i te whakatau i runga i te whakatū o te uniana i te 2006 i mua i puta i te reira i roto i te tau 2010, te Customs Union. ture Hangarau rawa āta hangaia i roto i te tikanga ki te ārai i tetahi kaupapa here whakahāwea ki tetahi o nga whenua whai wāhi. I te tīmatanga, i whakaaetia te Union 27 ture hangarau, e whai ake whakatamarikitanga: i roto i te 2012 - 8, i roto i te 2013 - 12, i roto i te 2014 - 5, 2015 - ara 2. I o tenei ra, kua nui haere te tau, me te he rite ki te 31. He tokomaha te hunga i roto i whanaketanga. Wehe kī e kua hainatia pakihi mua etahi kirimana, finalize, i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakaritea tae noa ki te kau, ka te mua mahi mutu whakaaetanga. Hei te faaohie i te ture hangarau (i raro i te anga ture) i runga i te rohe o te Union, whakaurua he rārangi kotahi o ngā hua. A, no te tomo ki roto ki te kaha o tetahi ture o te Customs Union, pau mua kāwanatanga whakahaere te tirotiro motu.

Whāinga me ngā whāinga o te Customs Union

Te Kaunihera he halá, e ngā te peresideni me minita pirimia o te whenua e toru, ko te tino aratai nui rawa o te whakahaere ao.

Customs Union ture hangarau e ngā tino katoa o te anga ture, me te waehere tikanga, hanga matua i roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite i te tupu o te GDP (matotoru hua kāinga) o nga whenua whai wāhi. A e puta tenei tupu, pera kitea e te maha o whenua pai ki te uru atu te uniana. Tenei Armenia, Tajikistan me Moldova. He tīmata Whiriwhiringa ki Aotearoa, e Iharaira, Hiria, Vietnam ko India. whakahaere hoki ratou ki Tiorangi, Luxembourg me Switzerland - iwi piri i roto i te whakahaere i huaina EFTA. He te Customs Union he wāhi hokohoko maitai ki nga whenua maha huri noa i te ao.

A, no te te Customs Union, i reira he tinana haamanahia o te Rōpū. Ratou mahi ngā te whanaketanga o ture hangarau, me te mātakitaki o tautukunga ki nga whakaritenga o enei tikanga, whakahaere mo te mahi o te mahi kua whakaritea mō te whakatinanatanga o ngā mahi.