Ko te whare herehere Russian rongonui - "a Sailor Kati"

Pita ahau i runga i te pareparenga matau o te awa Yauza hēramana moe Koroni. hoatu tenei meka te ingoa ki te ara, e takoto whakarara ki te awa. A mai i te wa o Catherine II noho tangata i reira-koroheke, ka haere mai te whare e huaina ki he hēramana. tamata kainoho ki te tiaki i te rangimarie, ka haere e ata te Almshouse kaumātua. Na i roto i te ingoa o te huarahi, ki te tāpiri tetahi atu kupu. Na inaianei ka huaina e ia Kati o Sailor. I muri mai i reira ko te whare herehere i konei, paingia mohiotia rite te "Kati a Sailor".

matua

"Kati te Sailor" whare herehere rā hoki ki te 1775. Na, i te ture o Catherine II i runga i te wahi i reira te pokapū herehere ko tenei ra, whakatuwheratia te whare i raro i te tiaki o te Kamupene ki atawhai "prederzostnyh". Ka rite ki mua i roto i te whare herehere Russian, a muri, whakatapua te Ekalesia Siu, "katoa wai mamae" i i roto i 1850, i roto i tenei whare, a i roto i te rau tau rua tekau i reira puta pere-pourewa.

Whare mō "prederzostnyh" i roto i tona āhua taketake vai mo te wa poto ngā. Kua i te tau 1870 i whakaingoatia ai te Facility Moscow Poutama. I hangaia te whare hou mō te 150 wahine, me te 300 tangata. Ko te whakaaro o te whare herehere i whakaaturia "hoatu ki nga ringa o te mahi hunga mangere-mohiotia." Hunga mangere, i roto i te tahuri, whakaaro herehere - kaimahi kino iti, tahae, hao taonga.

Ina e whakawhānui te rohe o te whare herehere. I roto i te 1912, hangaia whare herehere hou kaihoahoa B. A. Alberti i ka hanga. A i te 1917 ka haere kaihau te faanahoraa.

I roto i te 1918, i tukua ano te whare herehere i te ahua o te ripeneta. I roto i te whare, i runga i te pūtake o te kura herehere tīariari, ka hanga te Tari Central o whiu NKJU reforomatio. Ko reira he ahua o te whare herehere ki te rītaha hauora, me te ako. Kei te mahi tatou i te reira i roto i te whakangungu, anō-mātauranga me te faaineineraa no te mahi ora o te iwi taitamariki 17 ki te 21 tau te pakeke. Heoi, whakahaeretia faaapî mo te wa poto. I roto 11 marama, i te 1919, mutu reira ki te tīariari.

Ka rite ki raraunga pūranga, te kōrero iho herehere "a Sailor Kati" tīmata i te mutunga o 1946. I runga i te pae o te insulator reira ko Kozhevnicheskaya koroni. No te timatanga koroni o ngā tamariki i 1945 ki te whakaahua ke, i tona turanga i whakaturia Prison tau 14 i roto i te Tari o Tāhuhu o Taiwhenua o te rohe Moscow.

hangaia anō

Ka rite ki o 1947, te rohe o te pūtahi e rua nga pae tairongo, te kuhunga tuatahi, me te tuarua, aua. Whare herehere "Kati a Sailor" i te wa ano i taea te tango herehere neke atu i 2,000. I tua atu, i roto i te institution i hoki outbuildings:

• ruma kōhua, e tonu ki te whakahaere i tenei ra;
• hanga o te rakau whare noho pa, ngā kaimahi;
• whakahaere whare;
• pa mo te kaimahi.

i rite rawa haere herehere ki ngā wāhi motuhake i runga i te rohe o te iari mahi. i iari pai te ahua o te porowhita, me te paenga kopakia ana e te taiepa rakau. kawea kaitiaki i runga i nga pourewa, me te waho i roto i hōia ā-o te wehenga Moscow o Bogorodsk.

A iti i muri mai, i roto i 1949, i hanga ai he whare tuatoru mo te tiaki o herehere. I ia te mana o te whare herehere motuhake, a i ona ake tomokanga (i te hinengaro tau hōhipera 3), kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki o ratou rangatira, me te tiaki takitahi. Pai io reira auri tārewa nohoanga whakawa Nasí mau kaimahi kino, me te rere i roto i te Special Hangarau Tāhuhu o Taiwhenua Bureau (he kaitito, kaihoahoa me Engineers). e karangatia ana te iwi i roto i te whare herehere i "tari kaupoai." ora Detail i roto i tetahi o enei "sharashek" ā fakamatala'i i roto i tona pukapuka "Te Circle Tuatahi," Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaakievich.

Mai te timatanga o 1950, mo te rua tau, tahuri whare whakahaere whare herehere. kō atu i te tikanga ngā tuatahi, me te tuarua 4, me patunga 5, me te iari mahi. A mohoa noa mau kawe te haere i runga i te rohe o enei marae, kei runga i nga tuanui o ngā whare.

I roto i te tīmatanga o te 50-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga, ki te whakatau whakahaere wehe enei pūtahi i roto i te pa, me te rohe, āhuatanga te hiahia ki te whakawhānui i te whare herehere maha 14. I roto i tenei whakaaro, ka whakaingoatia ai te tau Prison 1, pai mohiotia i roto i te iwi, ano he herehere, "Sailor puku. "

I muri i te matenga o Berii L. P. i 1953 i roto i te take maha 3 rangatahi mauheretia. E whakarato ana te Ratonga Prison whakangungu mō taiohi (nga mauhere i te whai wāhi ki te whiwhi i te mātauranga tuarua), mahi - herehere punua mahi i roto i ngā awheawhe i te whare herehere, ngā pūhera hangaia, taonga tākaro Kirihimete me ētahi atu taonga kiritaki. Ko te moni roaa taea te pau i runga i o ratou hiahia, whiwhi i roto i te turanga kau hua e wātea ana. Roa tamariki herehere tae noa ki 1997. I muri i whakaritea e te reira ki te pupuri i te anō me te hanga o te toru o nga tinana. A i roto i te 1999 ka e ia tari tuberculous i te hōhipera whare herehere.

noho te tino taua hōhipera mō herehere i roto i whakahou ake, me te whakahou whare Housing nga rangatira whare herehere o mua. MoE tavini kore anake te "Kati a Sailor", engari nga pokapū herehere ana katoa i roto i Moscow. He pā ana ki 706 moenga hōhipera (whariki) te hōhipera.

Ko te tekau tau whakamutunga i roto i te "Kati a Sailor" kei te tonu kawea i roto i ngā hanga me te hanga mahi:

• i roto i te 1997, ua faaue matou i te tari te whakatutuki (rite rawa ki te taputapu hou);
• i roto i te tau 1987 - CTP;
• tuatahi 90 whakahou toru whare;
• i roto i te waenganui-2000 ka whakanekehia te nāna nui tuatahi o te whare herehere
• i roto i te hanganga ture ki te ture parukore, kāmera rite rawa hoki whiua me o Ruamata me;
• hipoki iari mahi e ki te tuanui;
• whakahaere i tenei ra i te whakahoutanga nui o te whare tuarua o te whare herehere.

E ai ki te whakahaere ratonga whare herehere, e whakahaere tonu te mahi e tika ana i roto i te tikanga ki te tautoko i te whakatūnga o ngā whare i roto i te huru pai. I teie mahana, te whare herehere, ko te "Whakarongoa o Sailor" ngā o 7 whare.

tau herehere te tuku 1 FSIN Russia

Ko te rā e pā ana o te hanganga o te tau pokapū mauhere 1 whakapono 1 Mahuru 1985. Na roto i te tikanga o te tau pokapū mauhere USSR Interior Tāhuhu 1 i runga i te pūtake o te whitu whakapumautia te whare tikanga i te whare herehere. Ko te iwi nakahi mo te wa roa tapaina a tenei institution i "Kati a Sailor". Wāhi noho: Moscow, a Sailor Whakarongoa st, Kei te whare 18. i roto i te Takiwa o te whakapaipai Eastern. Ko te rohe katoa o te whare - 41.438 sq. m.

I te tīmatanga, ko te rohe o nga herehere, e taea e ngā whare herehere, kihai i nui ake 200 te iwi. tikanga whare herehere i ki tutakina te wā o te tūhuratanga, me te whakamatau i nga tangata hoki i ko reira tika ki te whakatamarikitanga o mehua tirotiro tino.

I roto i te 2001, e arotahi ana ki ngā paerewa o te ao mo te rahi o te rohe i runga i te tetahi i roto i roto i te mutunga, kua iti te reira ki te whakakī i te whare herehere.

Ko, kāore, e kore e aru tata ture. E ai ki te raraunga e pā ana, te tau pokapū mauhere 1 te hangaia mo te 2013 iwi, engari nui te ihirangi tūturu tenei ahua i te 21.3% a me te ki 2441 iwi.

I reira, he mekameka o whakaingoa anō mo nga tau katoa o tona oraraa, i whakaingoatia te faanahoraa o te Ratonga pōpula te faanahoraa kāwanatanga-fatuhia Federal "tau faka'atamai '1 Federal pōpula Ratonga o Russia" (whakarāpopototanga PKU herehere-1 FSIN o Russia).

I tua atu ki te whare herehere 1, he atu pokapū herehere ana e whitu Moscow. E i te iti rawa te pai-mohiotia i roto ratou "Butyrka" me "Lefortovo".

mauhere nui

Ehara i Koinei, te nohoanga o tetahi o nga tino rongonui herehere Russian ko Moscow. "O Sailor Kati" - te ahanoa tikanga tino. Neke atu i te te wā katoa o tona mahi mohiotia mana toru anake ngā take o te ora angitu:

• Pipiri 5, 1995 - kaiuru o tetahi o te kēnge A. V. Solonika;
• Mei 2, 2004 - Rere tangata S. Ershov, nei i puritia mo te ra kotahi;
• Haratua 7, 2013, i roto i te collusion ki te kaimahi o te pokapū mauhere, ka oma te tahae, me te tangata kohuru O. Topalov, i hoki muri hopukina ia.

Rārangi o herehere mohiotia, e tupu ana ki roto i te "Kati a Sailor" mahi tona kupu he nui nui. I roto ia ratou - te kaitōrangapū Soviet Yanaev G. I. me Yazov D. T., kaipakihi Lebedev P. L. me Hodorkovskiy M. B., Mavrodi SP me te tini ke atu.

hurihuri

I teie mahana, te whare herehere, ko te "Whakarongoa o Sailor" herenga tuwhera ki te pāpāho me ngā rōpū tūmatanui. Wā, i reira te kawea i roto i te ahua o haerenga hangaia ki te whakaatu i te ora me te tikanga o te mau herehere ana o herehere.

Noatia, whakaatu i roto i taua mau ohipa manuhiri te kāmera pai, watea, me te pera i runga i. I roto i te rerekē ki tenei, i te wa ki te wa i roto i te pāpāho i reira he pūrongo e pā ana ki takahi o tika herehere ', hanganga ture-kore ki te ture o te mau herehere, aro matekai, nga ngangaretanga, mawhiti nganatanga, te mate me te tahi atu mau taime kino e tukua ki a tatou te whakawa e kore e pera maheni i roto i te tau herehere 1. Na enei raruraru kitea e kore anake e te ihirangi o herehere. Na, e pā ana ki te tau ki muri, i reira ko te kōrero e te whakaiti kaimahi kua arahina o kaimahi Federal Ratonga pōpula ki te whakaiti nui i roto i to ratou. arahina tenei ki te putanga o te wehi i runga i te wahi o te whare herehere Wātene tau 1. I mohio e te tokotoko o te mahi pōpula, e tika ana ki te downsizing o te mahi kaitiaki i noa mōrearea rawa.

I roto i taua mau huru oraraa, ko reira mārama e ka e pau neke atu i te kotahi tau i runga i mau mai i te āhua o whare herehere Russian ki ngā paerewa o te ao.