Mahi a Lermontov. Lermontov Mihail Yurevich: auaha

. M. Yu Lermontov - te aronui Russian rongonui e ko tetahi o te kānapanapa me tino pūmanawa kaitito, kaituhi tuhi, Playwrights, ūnga whaiāipo. Katoa mahi toi o Lermontov rerekē lyrical, maitai takai me mohio a ngāwari i te kaipānui. Kei te nui atu te awe tona mahi tuhituhi e taua nui ao rite D. G. Bayron ko A. S. Pushkin.

whakapapa

He ona pakiaka Ingoa Lermontov i te Māori o Kotirana, George Lermontov, nei i mahi i te Kingi o Poland, e i te whakapaenga o te White Russian horo. piri ia nga hoia o nga hoia Moscow. A mai 1613 i rēhita ia i roto i te mahi o te Hiha o Russia, a mo te mahi riro wāhi whenua pono i roto i Galichsky County (Kostroma).

Ingoa Whānau Learmonth a kakahu te rohi pehe Kotimana rongonui o te rau tau XIII - Thomas. Ko Ingoa Lerma ano he Tiuka Spanish. Na titiro ahau mo hononga ki te matua-Scots, engari ko te nuinga o te katoa mo ia hopu hononga ki te Spanish Duke - minita o Kingi Piripi III. Lermontov reira he ara he huringa 'Spanish' i roto i te toi pai, no te mea ko ano hoki ia artist pai.

I te wa o te whanautanga o te rohi pehe Lermontov whanau nui iti. i tohua Matua Yuri Petrovich ki te aro ataahua, me te ngakau pai, engari he tino poto-i konatunatua me ētahi wā rawa hauwarea. Tona whenua i roto i te mataeinaa Efremov Kropotovka taha ki te ingoa S. A. Arsenevoy (nee Stolypin). Tana tamahine - Maria M. whaiāipo - e kore i taea e te āwhina engari hinga i roto i te aroha ki tenei hoa ahakoa ka, ahakoa mautohe o tona whaea, ki marena ia. Otiia ko poto-ora, ruha i te mate kohi me te haumate manavasii no o te infidelities tamau o tana tane oaoa kāinga, mate ia i roto i te puna o 1817.

Mihaila Lermontova tamarikitanga

I roto i Moscow, Oketopa 3, whanau 1814 ko Mikhail Lermontov. Ka rite ki te tamaiti, ko ia e mate ana, Moody me te tamaiti io. i tukua e ia i diathesis, scrofula, me te karawaka. Hoki te wa roa i herea ahau ki te moenga e tika ana ki kōiwi, i arahina ki te curvature o nga waewae. I muri i te matenga wawe o te whaea Lermontov mahue marama anake, engari rawa aroha ki whakapakoko tona ngakau. ka mau mama ruau Elizabeth Arsenyev tiaki o nga mahi katoa i runga i tona whakatipu me te toenga o tona ora whakamarie tiaki hoki ia. Ko te tama-ia tika i taea e kore e tu i runga i te wairua. Yuri Petrovich tika ki mauahara ki te whaea i takoha ki te waiho tona wahi, me te waiho tana tama. Heoi, maturuturu iho ia tonu i roto i te rave rahi taime ki tona whaea ki te whakaaro, ki te tiki ake ki ake Mikaera, engari ko katoa i roto i te noa. kite te tamaiti i te mauahara, i reira rawa uaua ki te mau i te reira katoa. Ia tonu i tukua, ka ruarua i waenganui tona kuia me te papa. I roto i te whakaari kitea Menschen und Leidenschaften Lermontov nga wheako katoa i roto i tenei whakaaro. Na ka oho ratou ki whenua i huaina Tarkhany o tona kuia (Penza kawanatanga). He te tata haere, me tamarikitanga katoa o te rohipehe.

Rangatahi me te taiohitanga

I roto i te 1828, ka timata Lermontov ki ako i te kura i University Moscow. I muri i runga i tonu ia i tona rangahau i te tari tuhituhi o te whare kotahi. Otiia te mutunga i takoha ia ki te hoatu i te reira ki runga i te mea o te whawhai ki te ahorangi nui reactionary. Ko tona mahi i roto i te feaa. Na tohe toku kuia e tomo tona mokopuna nga rangatira whakamana kaitiaki kura me tauira hōia eke hoiho. e kore Young Lermontov rawa faauruhia mahi hōia, engari i te wa ano, moe ia o nga mahinga nui i hanga ana matua, ahakoa i mohio i roto i tona ngakau e i pai, kei te tatari i te reira mo te whawhai i roto i te Caucasus.

I te 1834 puta ia i te kura, me te haere ki te mahi ki te koronete i Nizhny Novgorod Hussars. Ko te mahi tuatahi, i puta i roto i tā i te tau 1835, kahore tona matauranga, ko te ruri "Haji kaki:".

Hononga ki te Caucasus

i poropiti maha mahi a Lermontov. I te 1837 i oti rawa ia A. S. Pushkinu tona pehepehe nō "mate o te Poet", e tūkino hoki te mate o te mana taumata-tiketike katoa i roto i Russia, arahina e Tsar Nicholas I. Na ka ka tonoa e ia ki whakaraua ki te Caucasus. He tau i muri mai ka hoki ia ki a St. Petersburg, engari e tika ana ki te Tūkorehu ki te Wīwī Ernest de Barant tonoa ano ki te Caucasus i roto i te ropu hoia. I roto i te whawhai, ka whakakitea e ia itoito inä me te itoito, engari ko te kingi, kahore utu kore ia ka mea. ara haukotia Lermontov he faafaaearaa i roto i St Petersburg, a ka whakahau rua ra ki te waiho i te pa.

Ki runga ki e hoki ki te hoia, mutu Lermontov i Pyatigorsk ki te whakaora i te moka, engari i reira ia te whawhai heahea hoki o tona manukí, Īhaka mo Natalia Solomonovna - tuahine Martynov, he hoa i te kura hōia, ia kore tino ngangau i ai. whakaaro ia e ko Lermontov i aroha ki a ia, me tona huru Meri i te "Hero o to tatou Time," fakamatala'i ia reira ki a ia. Hōngongoi 15, 1841 ka mau wahi he Tūkorehu. i patua a ia M. Yu. Lermontov tonu N. S. Martynovym. haere tika te matā i roto i a ia i roto i tona ngakau.

Hoki tenei katoa he wa poto wahi e te Atua, i hanga taua mahi rongonui o Lermontov, e riro pono masterpieces o tuhinga Russian. Tenei a "Song o te Kalashnikov Merchant" me "tauhou" me "Demon", me te he maha nui o ngā rotarota lyrical, whakaari "whakaahua ke" me te pūrākau tahuti ore "Hero o to tatou anotau".

"Ashik Kerib"

I hanga mahi o Lermontov "Ashik Kerib" ano he korero-rāwhiti whaiāipo e pā ana ki te aroha. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te tuhituhi tukatuka korero iwi Azerbaijani, rongo te rohi pehe i roto i te whakahekenga i te Caucasus. He mahi pai, me te kanapa o te aroha o rua toa taitama o te rawakore Ashik Kerib me tona aroha tenei - he tamahine o te kaihokohoko taonga Magul-Mageri. Ka meatia Ashik Kerib mea katoa i roto i te tikanga ki te riro taonga, me te marena tona aroha. Ko whakaaro nui, me te rauhanga Magul-Mageri kore ano e tu peka, ka āwhina i ia ratou tinihanga wahine. Ka rite ki te hua, ka waiho katoa ratou hari tahi. kua kore te he kaipānui kotahi mahue toe tenei korero ataahua.

"Hero o to tatou anotau"

Ko te pūrākau "He Hero o to tatou Time" tuhituhi Lermontov i tau 25, he tau ki te aroaro o tona mate fakamamahi. Kua hanga tenei pūrākau i roto i te puka o pūrākau takitahi, kōrero poto, ngā tuhinga haere me ngā tāurunga rātaka. Hoki te kaituhi o te heheuraa i nui ko te whakapakoko o te pūāhua matua. I roto i te pūrākau, whakauruurutia vahe, e kore te mea matua mooni hītori. faingataa te mahi e te meka e i roto i reira te mau aamu kōrero e toru kaikōrero: haere āpiha, Maksim Maksimych, a te mutunga, te huru matua - Grigory Pechorin. Image Pechorin puta noa te hua whakakitea i roto i ara rerekē, me te kupu a te manene, mohio whaiaro me te hoa o te hero ia. āta ka te kaipānui ruku hōhonu ia ki te hinengaro o Pechorin. Tuatahi reira ka kia fakangalingali, ka me ka anake ngā hohonu te tātari me te hifo. "Hero o to tatou Time" i whakaputaina tuatahi Lermontov i 1840 i roto i te whare whakaputa St. Petersburg i raro i te arata'iraa Ili Glazunova.

"Sail"

Ahakoa te huru uaua, me te totohe, Lermontov - he whaiāipo ngawari i te ngakau, me te kaihanga nui. mana'o e ngaropoina ana tata katoa te mahi o Lermontov. "Sail" - tetahi o ana masterpieces nui, mahue te kainga tupu i mua nei. tuhituhi e ia tona wairua wiri, e tu i te pekanga o te ara i mua i te whakatau nō, me i taua momeniti he kuao pehe, te mea ki te kia rite mō te tetahi mea. Ko ia tau 17 anake tau. i taea kua meinga e ia te Decembrist pāhoro ranei, engari kua rite whakarau ia tetahi atu tūranga.

Poto ripanga wā Lermontov

mahi a ngā tamariki Lermontov

kitea te kaupapa o te tamarikitanga e i roto i te maha o nga mahi, me te kua he hoa o tona mahi tonu. whiti o te rohi pehe rongonui o ngā tamariki rerekē ngawari me te lyrical. E ki ana ratou i ki etahi aroha motuhake, me te mahana. ngā tamariki o nga mahi a Lermontov taua maau nehenehe rite "tamaiti", "oriori Cossack", "Baby orotika huritau" me etahi atu.

Uaua ki te whiwhi i te ora i roto i Lermontov, engari ahakoa tenei katoa, tona tamarikitanga, me tona "Springtime koura" katoa whakaaro tonu ia te wā tino ataahua o te ora.

He ahurei, me te ahurei o nga mahi katoa o Lermontov i ngā o te tuhinga. Na reira, he tonu o te pānga ratou ki tetahi whakatupuranga o kaipānui.