Minibus ZIL-118: avtolegendy USSR

ZIL 118 "Youth" - ko te mīhini mīharo ki te whakarau uaua, me te pouri, na ki te mea e pā ana ki te motokā ...

History o te kaupapa

I roto i 1962, te Soviet Union, i reira ko he minivan moni tuatahi. Ko te mere meka e te tūāpapa mō te hanganga o tenei mīhini ka he kāwanatanga ZIL-111- "Moscow", e ai ta ia eccentricity. Na te meka e "te Kremlin" limousine haere i runga i ngā tauira American o waka, i no ki te kāwai teitei, pērā i "Buick", "Packard", "Cadillac", hanga he waka hou, mahi te tahi mea "i roto o te mau."

I roto i te aamu o te ZIL-118 i reira rerekē e i whakaaro tuatahi tenei motokā ki te kia ture. ka mau te mahi i runga i te kaupapa wahi i roto i te KB, kahore tetahi tohutohu, whakahau me whakahau i runga ake. Ano, he tōraro ki te kaupapa taua nga rangatira wheketere motokā. Otiia reira ko e tika ana ki te hoatu a ratou nama e meatia e kore e pokanoa ki te mahi, me te pi inapō. whakaaro rōpū mahi anake i roto i tona manawapa wa. Arata'iraa i runga i te kaupapa ka mau ki runga ki Nikolay Grincharo. Ano, he whakaaro motuhake - ki te waihanga i tētahi minivan - he rōpū i roto i te mua o ia kihai i hoatu tenei whakaaro i whanau kē i roto i te ahunga whakamua. Young kaihoahoa, runga ake katoa, hiahia ki te kitea te whakamahi whai hua ake o te hoahoa ZIL-111, atu i te transportation o ono iwi.

minibus tuku

tukua huriaro roa, me te kaha te whakamahi o te momo tinana motokā, kahore tetahi patunga tapu i roto i te mahi whakamarie, me te. Ko te tuatahi o i faaoti i te reira ki te hoatu ki runga - na reira i te pūkaha eke i runga i te limousine, mai tona mahi e hiahiatia nui-wāwaro penehīni. I roto i te wā o te wā mō te whakaputa waka reira i ore papai. Ko te "tawhito" pūkaha kitea he rerekē i roto i te ahua o te kaha kōwae ZIL-375. Tenei mana pūkaha o 170 l / s, te tikanga mo te utanga "Ural". Heoi, kua wae tenei kua tāutatia te tauira taketake anake. I muri i whakakapi ai i te pūkaha i Zil-130 ki te kaha o te 150 l / s.

noho te toenga o nga rehe tata tonu tono i te tauira taketake. Ahakoa te tuku aunoa i te limousine kāwanatanga faaoti ki te waiho tonu. He aha te kē ko te whakatau maia mo te mīhini, te whakarite i te raupapa.

faaoti Body tauira Engineers ki wāhanga kawe. Ko, hoki tāutanga o te pūkaha, kua whakamahia te pūnaha whakatārewatanga mua katoa ki whawhati me te urungi tikanga huānga kaihoahoa he anga motuhake, ka te nei titia ki te tinana whakaminenga. Ki te tika, (tikanga hanga ratonga ranei) subframe te ngāwari te wāwāhitanga. Independent whakatārewatanga mua minibus heke mai kō stabilizer whakarato pūmautanga lateral. tukua urungi booster waipēhi.

E kore te māngai te hua hoahoa tuku kounga rerekē, me te tika, engari kahore faahiahia. Ko taea te whakaaro te waho me roto ZIL-118, rawa, ki te kahore te mahi o te toi, he mea tino tahi mea "i roto o te mau."

ahua kawemai

I roto i te ahua o te waka kāinga hou kapehu āhuatanga o American Chevrolet Corvair Greenbrier Sportswagon, engari kihai i tārua i te reira. "American" kaua ue'i nga kaihoahoa. Otiia ki te whakanohoia nga mihini e rua taha i te taha, e ahakoa te minivan rahi nui nui atu huatau, māmā me te ake ataahua motokā kawemai titiro "Youth" ZIL-118. I roto i te papamuri "American" titiro rite te orotahi kino o te piha haapiiraa ōhanga.

Waho a roto

Erik Szabo ko Alexander Olshanetsky - toi taitamariki me kaihoahoa, me te Tatyana Kiseleva, whai wāhi i roto i te hoahoa roto inuinu, te arotahi matua o tona mahi mahi ki te whakarite whakamarie pāhihi. Na roto i te te ara, Tatiana ka haere ake ki te ingoa o te van, e whakaata ana i roto i te reira e kore anake te hou au i roto i te whanaketanga o te automotive ahumahi, engari ano hoki te tau o te kaiuru, ki te whakawhanake i ngā kaupapa.

Ka rite ki te hua o to ratou toa tahi mahi tahuri kanapa ZIL-118, me te tirohanga nehenehe. whakaratohia ana tēnei pānga i ki glazing Panoramic atu matapihi mohiti me tuanui minibus nui te pao retireti (183h68sm). mātao Thermal me tangi tāpiri te apa polyurethane i waenganui i nga awhi tinana waho, me te roto. Hoki roto microclimate tutataki nui-mahi whakawera me ventilation pūnaha. I tua atu, i ia ngawari, he hāneanea hoki pāhihi nohoanga I whakaratohia: takitahi rama, ipu pungarehu, me he matau mo kakahu. Hoki te ūnga o ngā pāhihi whakaratohia mo te tatau taha i te taha ki matau o te motokā. taea mea mōmona te hoatu hoki, i reira hoki e ko tetahi tatau.

A, ki te i runga i nga raraunga ahu o te ZIL-118 (tata 7 mita te roa, me te neke atu i te rua mita te whānui), te kuhimua "moroiti" taea te whakaaro he whanaunga, ka te taumata o te whakamarie hanga mo ia o nga tira haere 17 "Tupú" taea anake te whakaritea ki te motokā papai.

te toruraa

I muri kua te tauira haere te whakamātautau kaupapa whakamātautau i roto i i whakakitea e ia mahi pai, i te aroaro minibus motu hou ki te marae o te kaiārahi rawa o te whenua. NS Khrushchev anaanatae whakamoemiti te motokā hou. Na ka tono tangata aratohu to'a Sov.Min.SSSR ki te tono moni mo production papatipu Zil-118 me ona akatuke'anga. Kokirihanga atu e te iti rawa te nui o te 1000 ngā mīhini hiahia ki tutataki te kiritaki ngā hiahia o te whenua i roto i te tau. Otiia ahakoa te whakamoemiti tiketike o te mīhini i te kaiārahi kāwanatanga, moni ara mo te raupapa tuatahi o te tipu, me te kore i riro. hanga te ōhanga whakaritea o te whenua kua te "mahi paru", he whanaketanga hou pono mahu'inga ko kahore he wahi i reira. Kua tamata te whakahaere wheketere i runga i to ratou ake e kore ki te tuku mate te motokā tika, whakarite i te iti rawa i te tuku rangitahi mō te 300 waka, engari kihai i mahi i te reira i roto i. Heoi, whakato constructors tonu ki whawhai mo te "Tupú", kaha whakapai ake ona hanganga me waihanga rerekē ngā putanga o te akatuke'anga.

whakapono Inextinguishable i roto i te angitu

Fifi ki te whakawhānui i te hōkai o te hou minivan, ko te kupu utu i runga i te tauira piri whakarongo, ZiLovtsy hanga i te hou motokā tēkihi, unga te motokā ki te toenga o tetahi o nga wakatono o te whakapaipai.

E rua ZIL-118 ( "ER") haere ki te mahi ki "o te Kremlin" hōhipera. Ratau, i roto i tenei tauira, ki te motokā anake i taea e rata te taviniraa tūroro tu roroa, i ara te tuanui.

I roto i te pakanga mo te motokā tonoa ara ia i roto i te tau 1967 ki te France mo te whakaaturanga, e whakamōhio tauira matatau o pahi kaihanga. I roto i te 130 i tukuna e te mīhini kāinga riro ZIL-118 12 paraihe i roto i ngā kāwai rerekē, me te, i roto i te meka, hanga he illius. Otiia kihai i ara whakatūwhera mai tēnei whakamanamana te ara ki te heke mai o te van hou.

ZIL-118 "To'u Tupú" - avtolegendy USSR

He aha te mea he motokā hou, a kihai i ahei te whiwhi i roto i ki te hanga rangatū? e kore te mea i reira whakamārama whaitake mō tenei. I roto i te meka, i muri i te whakaaturanga i roto i France, te Ameliká tapaea ki te whakatū i tahi hanga o ZIL-118, engari reira i whakakahore. Ahakoa he tono mo te hoko o te ārai te kamupene "Ford" i runga i te hanga motokā kua noho kau mai. ārahi o te whenua "te ārai" ratou ringa ake tauira kāinga taea o whakataetae ki tetahi o nga analogs i te ao, te iritiraa i te reira ki te kāwai o "Legends o USSR ahumahi pereoo."