Museum o Architecture: whakaahua me arotake. State Museum o Architecture ko A. V. Schuseva

whakaata whare taonga Russian te hītori me te hakari o to tatou whenua. mahi ratou i tenei whakaaturanga e kore anake, engari ratou huru. I roto i tenei tikanga, ko reira tino ngā te i runga i Vozdvizhenka i Moscow Museum o Architecture - he wahi surreal mo te manuhiri noa. Tohunga (iwi e pā ana ki te hoahoa "tiki-tahi" etahi pā ana ranei noa) e korero ki a koutou e he reira tetahi o te pai i roto i te pa, no te mea i konei kohia he rota o tao'ao, kua he pūranga taonga o te hoahoanga Soviet me Russian.

taonga History

He ko te whare taonga mai i 1934, ahakoa i roto i te mutunga o te rau tau 19, i reira te mea he hiahia ki te waihanga i te reira. mahi te reira (a hoatu ana ia ratou pukapuka) runga tohunga i roto i te ariā, mahi me te hītori o te hoahoanga. "Okioki" konei rauemi o te tāwhai wä mua - i reira ko te kōnae i runga i te hoahoanga o Russia tahito, kohia Petrom Baranovskim, kaiwhakahou nui, me te huahua, i mahi Ivanom Leonidovym, te rongonui o te tangata Commissariat o te kaupapa i runga i te Square Whero. Kia te kura motu ko tetahi o te ngā tino i roto i te ao.

A. V. Schusev

A. V. Schusev, ko tona ingoa ko te Museum o Architecture, ko te Titan i te mara o te toi. i hanga e ratou i te whare moengaroa o Lenin, rite pai rite pinepine o nga whare rongonui o te USSR. Shchusev Ko te initiator o te whakatuwheratanga o te kōtaha o te whare taonga i roto i te 1934, kei i te Academy o Architecture. Alexey, ka i roto i 1946, i roto i puta tona tautoko kaha o te whare taonga i runga i Vozdvizhenka, ano ka tona kaiwhakahaere tuatahi (i 1946 ki te 1949). kua i te Shchusev ko whare taonga o te hoahoanga te tetahi anake i taua wa te pokapū o te whakamahere pa me te hoahoanga ki te mana o te rangahau pūtaiao.

hanganga o moni

tīmata moni Hanganga i roto i 1934. I raro i enei, te whakaaturanga e whai ake nei me ngā wāhi Antireligious Art Museum (i roto i te wā i tau 1929 ki te 1934) kua whakawhitia: te hanganga me te rohe o te Donskoy Monastery, te ngā iconography whakaminenga, oko hahi, Siasí kakahu, tatau tapu.

Funds i roto i te-doma 1930-40 tino whakakiia. kohia whatiwhatinga o hītori i ngā tohu whenua. 1930 - te wā o te whakangaromanga, me te pahua o whare hītori. I roto i te whare taonga, haunga te momo o mea te kāinga o ngā whare tawhito kua whakawhitia.

I roto i te 1946, i whakawhitia te mana ki te whare tawhito o te whenua (te mutunga o te rau tau 18) talyzinykh-Ustinov. Ratou whakaritenga i runga i Vozdvizhenka, i roto i te tata ki te Kremlin, e ai ta gentility rangatira o mua. tomo te reira i te matatini e kikī ana me "Chamber o kai" - he tohu hoahoanga onge o te rau tau 17, i te mea he kaiwhakaranu iari ruma. I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20, ko te rua o nga papa whare kohatu overbuilt, hanga i roto i te 1676.

He tangata tata ki te hapori whare taonga, te tuhituhi e te whare taonga hītori, ko tona hoahoanga he rawa ngā, hoki e pā ana ki te 20 nga tau whakamutunga, kei te ite mau fifi nui, no te mea kotahi i te whakaminenga i te reira i roto i te rohe whakawhiti ki te Siu Ekalesia Russian i roto i 1991, te Donskoy Monastery. enei tau katoa, noho ia tika he wāhi whakaaturanga, rite tata i rongoa nga kohikohinga katoa i roto i nga ruma.

Ko te whakatuwheratanga o te whakaaturanga pūmau

tupu tata hui tohu, 19 Pipiri 2012. He te kohao i roto i te puaretanga tamau whare taonga. Hei kite i te whakaaturanga o te ahanoa ahurei, tangata i katoa i runga i te pa kūare ki te whare whakaaturanga. Tenei tīmata te manuhiri noa ki surrealism.

Kei Architecture Museum te i roto i te ngakau o te pa, i roto i te talyzinykh whare nui, whare teiti hoki ki te rau tau 18. Kei roto hoki te outbuilding kikī, ka karanga "He whakangaro", me te whare 17-rau, i reira te tikanga kaiwhakaranu. I waenganui i enei whare e toru ko te marae iti, urutau ano hoki te whakaaturanga.

Whakaahuatanga o te whare taonga

Ko te mea tuatahi e kite koutou, kotahi ki konei - te tari whatanga mokemoke me te tomokanga kau pokapū. matakitakinga Tino whakairo o taonga ētahi wā Russian. Te manuhiri, i roto i te tumanako o te te heheuraa hoahoanga ngā, koi te putanga mai ki te papa tuarua o te pikitanga whare - ka taka ki Maere. haere te reira i ki mutu- huinga katoa o fare kau, me te mea kitea i roto i te whakaata nui.

No faarahiraa enei ruma kau, i roto i nei i reira ko te whare taonga kāwanatanga o hoahoanga: i reira te tino tetahi mea i reira, engari whakairihia huatau i runga i nga taiepa o te whakaaturanga, pērā i ngā whakaahua o whare Roma pohewa. E ai ki te manuhiri noa, kia kia titiro i tenei ra taiwhanga toi huatau, i te mea i roto i Moscow, a na reira e rave rahi, engari e kore e te pokapū rangahau whenua matua, me te whare taonga hoahoanga. Ki te moni, Heoi, e taea te kite i mētali whakairo, peita tuanui i runga i te tuanui, ngoto te raima, reliefs tiketike, nga taiepa i hanga o mapere tāwhaiwhai. Otiia riro te whare taonga wanihi whare me te whare. Ko ratou tonu i roto i te waenganui o kua faaho'ihia mai te rau tau 20, me te kore e whakaaro, kia rite ki, whakaatu.

faaiteiteraa ahurei

e rua fare nui Pipiri 19, 2012 kua whakanohoia i raro i te whakaaturanga tūturu. Kei te hangaia te reira ki te tohu i te fanauraa o tenei whare taonga. Kei te korero tatou inaianei e pā ana ki te faaiteiteraa faahiahia - he tauira (rakau) Big Kremlin Palace, i te mea i tenei ra tahora nui rawa o te ao. I hanga te reira i roto i te tīmatanga o 1770 o, ua faaue e Catherine II Vasiliem Bazhenovym. roa tahora ko 17 mita. Ko reira kia nui e, i pā atu, e rapu he teneti motuhake: i roto i te rua fare i runga o te whare taonga e anake whatiwhatinga, ahakoa tino mīharo.

faaino

I teie mahana, i roto i te hapori motuhake tautohetohe kukū e pā ana ki te āhua o te taonga o nāianei, engari faaite e maiohatia tonu ana kauwhau, me ngā whakaaturanga i roto i te taiao ngaio. E kore e haere tatou ki te whakapuaki i te whakaaro o te, manuhiri kore-ngaio mau e hapa te reira i te tokotoko, whare, me te taputapu. Ko na mārama enei raruraru katoa, meinga ratou aroha tinihangakore anake. Engari ka kite i te manuhiri tahuri rave rahi tākaha, ki "pūtea" mata o te tirohanga, te kōrero kino.

Hei tauira, kua riria reira ki te whakaahuatia tahora Bazhenov. kanga categorical - mo e kore utu, ara i runga i te waea. e kore e taea e ngā kaimahi te whakamārama he aha, mea na haamauhia. Ahakoa whakatakotoria atu i roto i te rangitaki katoa pikitia e taea meinga i te manuhiri torutoru konei, me te utu mo taua mea - tāpiri i roto i te tari pouaka rawakore he whare taonga moni iti.

e kore e taea te faataa e mau fifi ohaoha, aha whakaritea te i roto i te tikanga tawhito kaiwhakaranu "kaihoahoa kai", i te mea, i roto i te meka, he wharekai hūhi; he aha conditioners rangi "whakapaipai" paruru, me te aroaro o te whakairo tahito e tohu ana raiona, i reira te mea he waka i runga i te parani. Bas, haupu runga tona rohe, kaua matapōkeretia - taunakitanga o te kore o te pūtea, wāhi.

D. S. Hmelnitsky, he kairangahau o hoahoanga, whakahē te whare taonga mo te kore o te ahua tetahi i systematized mōhiohio e pā ana ki te pūtea me ngā kohinga (i roto i te 1991, i whakaputaina i te reira rārangi kaupapa whakamutunga), me te he tukanga rawa matatini o te whai wāhi o kairangahau me hītori ki te pūranga. Melnikov Museum Ko te manga o te moire. hāngai nui i roto i te raumati o 2014 meinga te āhuatanga ki te kătahi o ona kaimahi i roto i te ngaro o te mono Melnikov, e ora i reira.

whare taonga Foundation

motuhake Museum hoahoanga Russian anake tuatahi. Otiia kohia rangatira rauemi i runga i ngā hoahoa hou, me ngā kōrero, tango pikitia, hanga inenga, tātarihia te huringa me te whanaketanga o te kaupapa here tāone. Ka rite ki te hua o te Moscow Architecture Museum kua kohia he moni nui, e tata katoa i ngā whakaahua o nāianei i tenei ra ki te plinfy St. Sophia, i te tuhinga hoahoa o ngā momo rerekē o ngā whare ki te masterpieces o taputapu hanga.

Fund whakatakoto

tahua Museum i waenganui-1980 tapiritia he kohinga faufaa rahi. Ko te pūranga Baranovskogo Petra Dmitrievicha, he kaiwhakahou rongonui me te kaihoahoa o te wā Soviet. Mai 1984, e kore e tata whakawakia tenei kōnae - e kore te mea ngaio wa nui. Kei te iti-tūhuratia kohikohinga Museum te ao nei e ako whakatupuranga maha o pūtaiao.

I roto i te tīmatanga o nga 1990, kua tae mai ko te wa o te he, e te faaruru nei tonu te Moscow Museum o Architecture. I teie mahana, te mahi matua - ki te whakaoti i te raruraru akiaki o te rongo. Ko te manuhiri tonu e taea anake imi rite ki te nui e, he mahi wehe kohinga o te whare taonga, leafing roto i te korerotanga o ana pukapuka kōrero.

Architecture me Life Museum

Taunga ki te ahurea, ko te tino ātahu. Ki te hiahia i roto i te hoahoanga koe, ka taea e matou tohutohu koe ki te haere ki te Museum o Folk Architecture ko te ora, kei roto i te kainga o Pond i roto i Peraruhia. Ko te faaiteraa ko reira rawa ngā. Ka koia tera koe Folk Architecture ko Life Museum ki noho, me te whakahaere whare, wahi o te karakia, whare tūmatanui. Mā ia ora kaiahuwhenua o te mutunga o te 19 - wawe rautau 20.