Ngā āhuatanga me hanga wā New

Etahi o nga āhuatanga tino nui tango wahi i roto i te wā i huaina e te wā hou, me te nāianei. A, no te haamata i te pōhi i enei wā? He aha ngā āhuatanga kua hanga i roto i taua wa?

Ko te timatanga o te Age New

wa New tuku ki te wa, ina kua takahia te taata i runga i te atamira hou i roto i tona pūmanawa whanaketanga. Otira ka tenei tupu?

Ko te tikanga tuku ki rite te wā wa hou i waenganui i te Middle me Modern History. Ētahi whakaaro tīmata tatou tatau i te rau tau XVII, ka timata te revolution Ingarihi i roto i te 1640. Otiia he pakaruhanga i roto i te ahunga whakamua me ngā rerekētanga i roto i te hapori, tīmata hoki i roto i te rau tau XV, a he maha kairangahau whakapono ko te timatanga o te wā hou i te wa New wawe ranei tenei.

Ahakoa i te mutunga o nga Middle e hanga āhuatanga nui me hanga. I roto i te 1440, he mea whakaaro Johann Gutenberg te press tā, me āta whakawhanake kore he anake karakia, engari ano hoki i te kaupapa pūtaiao, me te whakangahau i te pukapuka. I roto i te 1492, kitea Hristofor Kolumb Amerika, ka tīmata te Pākehā Pākehā.

Kei te huri Society waiaro me pā ki te ngako o te tangata te tangata. I roto i Ingarangi neke atu i te reira i te ture o te Ekalesia Katorika, mei Reform Movement ko Protestantism. Haamata ki te whakawhanake i te pūtaiao, i hanga te hapori pūtaiao tuatahi: Ko te Royal Society, te French Pūtaiao ope kingi. te wā hou ki te XVI tenenga: tātaitai aunoa, he papu mārua, he inenga, he karaka tāwēwē. Galileo Galilei whakaaro te whātata, hangaia e Descartes te pūnaha taunga. He ko he karu, he karu me te mata titi'ai karaihe.

New Times tenenga i te rau tau XVIII

Ake mai i te mutunga o te rau tau XVII, puta bourgeoisie. Ko te revolution ahumahi homai whanaketanga ki te whanaketanga o te te moni, me te hapori ahumahi.

E ētahi wā mahia āhuatanga Hangarau me hanga o onopooni katoa i te aituā. Na, Dzhona Uatta tae mai te whakaaro o te pūkaha mamaoa ka titiro ia ki te hopane pekepeke taupoki kohua. hanga Thomas Nyukman engine kōkeke mamaoa tuatahi i roto i 1712 tau.

mai ake G. Amontons ki te ine pāmahana hau i roto i 1703, aru e te ine pāmahana waipiro i Rene Reomyura (1710). Dzhon Hendli ko Tamati Godfrey whakaaro te sextant (1730).

Ko te tono mo te hanga o te kikokiko, akiaki whakaaroa nga mihini taviri e ua nira. mīhini tuitui Tuatahi arai i roto i te 1790 Thomas St. Ko te kaituhi o te mīhini pōtaka ko Dzheyms Hargrivs (1764). I roto i te 1893 whakaaro Vaytkomb Judson te kumemau "kumemau."

E hanga he maha nga tikanga o nga wa hou i roto i te rau tau XIX. I roto i te tau 1818, kitea nga ture o photochemistry, a i roto i 1839 N. Niepce, whakaaro L.Dagger photo. I roto i 1769 hanga te Wīwī Cugnot he kaata i runga i te pūkaha mamaoa, a i roto i 1886 ko G.Daymler K.Bents whakaaroa ana te waka tuatahi ki te pūkaha i penehīni.

AS Popov whakaaro te reo irirangi i roto i 1895, Nikola Tesla i 1893-1895 hanga te reo irirangi, ka irirangi.

Tenenga Great New Time - he pūrama Tomasa Edisona me kitea o hiko, tenei tenenga ko te X ray-e Roentgen ko Ivan Pulyuem wā kotahi. Thomas Watson i roto i 1876 ko te kaituhi o te waea noa vai te reira korero "korero waea", mea whakaaro na nga Aleksandrom Bellom.

Ētahi atu mahi o nga wa hou: te hekerangi, kaipuke, piano, kita marau, he pūangi. I roto i te rau tau XVIII-XIX whakaaro ano te takawhīwhiwhi, stereoscope, pewa fehokotaki'anga, locomotive, māti, he pūahi me (mama me nui mua).

Inventions wā Hōu

haamata Contemporary tona pōhi i ki te rau tau XX, ara i roto i 1918. Ahakoa hangarau te ahunga whakamua tino ka whakatata. te waka tuatahi i whakaaro ki te pūkaha hanga reira ngāwari ki te haere tawhiti roa. Kua pai ake maha ngā tikanga, a ka tahuna te tangata utu hiko.

Ko te wā ki te whanaketanga o pūtaiao taiao. O te faufaa ngā he matū me te ahupūngao. I roto i te rau tau XX K Lanshteyner tuatahi oroko te rōpū toto, mahi Freud i te ariā o te psychoanalysis, P. Ehrlich tuku whai wāhitanga hahau. Alexander Fleming ite rongoā paturopi i roto i 1929 - paturopi tuatahi o te ao.

Wars me pakanga i waenganui i āhua akiaki ako kaha o te ahupūngao me te pūngao karihi. I roto i te 1905, A. Einstein oroko te ariā o ngä, mahi Bohr i te ariā Poutiaki o te ngota. Whakatūwhera te karihi ngota (Rutherford, 1911), ira horihori (F. me I. Joliot-Curie, 1934), te karihi fissile konukarihi tuatahi (Hahn, F. Shtassman, 1938).

ako tatou i te wāhi me te hanga āhuatanga hou i roto i te tātai arorangi. Open hihi rangi (V. Hess, 1911-1913), ture a Hubble e pā ana ki te roha o te ao (E. Hubble, 1929). riro te reira i mōhio o te radiation rangi (Karl Jansky, 1931).

hanga Bright me ngā āhuatanga o te rau tau XX

Ngā āhuatanga me hanga wa Hōu tino pai ki te wā o mua. I roto i te Cold War, Amerika me te Soviet Union whakataetae i roto i te hanga o patu karihi, me te rite i roto i te hōpara ātea. He te whanaketanga tuatahi o ngā tākirirangi, teihana wāhi me kaipuke. Ko te Soviet Union whakarewa te pee'utari tāwhaiwhai tuatahi o te whenua, hanga i te takahanga tuatahi mo te haere ki te marama - i runga i te mata o te teihana wāhi pee'utari whakarewahia, Pirihitini.

I roto i te tau 1961, ka Yuri Gagarin te tangata tuatahi ki te haere ki wāhi. I roto i 1969 te American Neil Armstrong hanga he taunga i runga i te marama.

Vakai, Armstrong e haere i runga i te marama e kore e kua muri ki te, i roto i te rau tau kotahi kihai i whakaaroa pouaka whakaata. Koha ki te whanaketanga o tenei merekara o te hangarau hanga Vladimir Zworykin, Philo Farnsworth me ētahi atu.

I te tau 1946 i hanga e ia te rorohiko ENIAC tuatahi, te kawainga o te tenenga he ake rite te tātaitai i roto i te United States. Ko te ihi o te rorohiko tauira tuatahi Charlz Bebbidzh whakaaro.

mahi nui te wā Hōu - ko reira ano hoki te zh puoto I. Kusto (1943), te topatopa A. M. Cheremuhina (1930), he pūkaha jet V. P. Glushko (1930), Teodora Meymana taiaho (1960) me te poma ngota (1945). , puritia te ingoa o te kaihanga o e i roto i pakeke i te whakawhirinaki.

mutunga

I roto i te wā o te hītori hou, me te ao hou i mahi ai i te rota o te tangata nui, me ngā āhuatanga e hāngai ana, me hanga. He tokomaha o ratou whakamahi tatou i teie mahana.