Nadezhda Durova. Heroes o te Pakanga o 1812

tupu te reira i te tahi mau taime e te haurongo tūturu o te iwi hau ki te kōrero kānapanapa o pukapuka mōrearea. I te tahi taime he tika ki te pakanga ora ohorere, e whiwhi iwi ki to ratou i pai ai tenei, a ētahi wā riro te reira i te kaihanga o tona ake iku'anga ahurei, e kore e hiahia ana ki te neke i runga i kotahi me mo te ara katoa whakapumautia. Ko reira ki ngā taua iwi te rangatira wahine tuatahi o te ope Russian Nadezhda Andreevna Durova.

Kōhungahunga hussar heke mai

Whanau heke mai "trooper-kotiro" Mahuru 17, 1783 i roto i Kiev. He rapu tonu mārama: i roto i tona "Notes" tohu ia i roto i 1789, engari e kore te mea pono tenei. Ko te take i roto i tona mahi i roto i te hoia Cossack āta heke Hope te tau o ono nga tau, ki atu tika ia rite te tino taitama tamaiti me e whakamārama i te kore o te makawe kanohi.

e whai i te reira Fate, i nga ra tuatahi o tona ora Nadezhda Durova i kaha i roto i te taiao hōia. Ko Anaru V. hussar kaieke rangatira tona papa, me te utuafare hoia arahina te ora e pohehe ana. Tona whaea, Nadezhda, ko te tamahine o te kaipupuri whenua taonga me Poltava, rere riri rereke, me te apo, i marenatia ki nga hiahia o nga matua, ranei, rite ratou mea, "kāhakitanga".

E takaro tona huru te tūranga rawa kino i roto i te ora o tona tamahine. Moemoea o te whanau o tana tama, i kino tona whaea hou tona kotiro tamaiti me kotahi ra, ka e papaki ana i te tau tawhito, te māngeongeo ia e tangi ana, maka te tamaiti i roto i o te matapihi o te hōiho hariata. Whakaorangia Nadia Hussars, i haere wahi me te ara kahakina ake i roto i te puehu bloodied tamaiti.

Ko te tauira taitamariki upoko tomo toa

Ki te karo i te tukurua o te raruraru, takoha tona papa, i ki te hoatu i tana tamahine ki te whakaara i te tangata ke, engari ore atawhai me te tangata kaungāongo'i - hussar Astakhov, nei Nadia noho noa te tau o rima. I muri mai, i roto i ona tohinoa tuhituhi Durov e i roto i aua tau whakakapi hussar nohoanga tona pouraka, me tākaro me faaoaoaraa i hoiho, pu, me te waiata hōia nui e. ka whai i te arataki i roto i tarai i te huru o te kotiro trooper heke mai ēnei wheako kōhungahunga.

Ko te hoki ki te kainga

I roto i te 1789 rihaina Andrey, a mahi he wahi te tavana i te pa o Sarapul , Vyatka kawanatanga. Ko hoki i roto i te utuafare i roto i te tiaki o tona whaea, ko wai, ka kua mahi i roto i tona 'ohake te kotiro, tamata i roto i noa ki te faatupu i roto i tana tamahine i te aroha o te ngira me te whare. ko tino ke ki katoa i tangohia e i roto i aua tau to'utangata ia Nadia - noho hussar wairua i roto i te kotiro iti. A, no te tupu ake o te tamahine, i hoatu e toku papa tona hoiho nehenehe i runga i Cherkassy ko Alcides, e iku ka tona hoa me te neke atu i te kotahi ora i roto i te meneti pakeke whawhai.

faaipoiporaa takoha

Tonu ki runga ki te taenga pakeke i marenatia Nadezhda Durova. He uaua ki te mea te mea te atu haere i runga i ona matua: ". hussar i roto i te pito" te hiahia ki te whakarite i te whakarau o tona tamahine, me te hiahia ki te hoko hohoro te ki nga ringa o te Raro te aroa, ka haere ia ki te tangata faahiahia ata me te iti - Vasiliem Stepanovichem Chernovym, e mahi i roto i te taua pa rite te kaiwhakawa reimana.

He tau i muri mai, i hoatu e Hope whanau ki te tama, ko kahore mana'o ngawari hoki ia kihai i ite, mo taua mea, a ka ki tana wahine. Ko te nau fehi'a o te tamaiti kua tāutuhia ia ia toronga tonu o tona whaea ake. O te akoranga, i te mate te faaipoiporaa i te timatanga, a hohoro e tumanakohia mahue tana tane, mahue ia ki te haamana'oraa anake o te aroha rahua tama na iti.

I roto i te waenganui o te ora i runga i te hoiho spirited

hoki Durova poto ki tona whare, engari tutuki reira anake te riri o te whaea, perturbed tona break ki tana tane. riro ia Torotika stuffy i roto i tenei ora hina, me te featureless aroraa e te tangata te mataeinaa. Otiia hohoro hanga te whakarau ia he homai i te ingoa o Cossack Captain ki nei rau tonu Hope whare whakarihariha. Ke ana rite te tangata, me te tapahi i te huruhuru, kawea ia e atu i runga i ona Alcide i muri i te aroha taitamariki, te ahua ki etahi tona marū.

Ko reira i roto i tenei wā, Nadezhda Durova, rite whakahuatia i runga ake, āta understate ratou tau: Cossacks rite ki te tikanga i ki kakahu pahau, ka nunumi atu i reira i taea anake e mo te ia, uhinga ki tau tona wawe. Ko ki te karo rapunga, i matou ki te mutunga waiho Kāpene me titiro hoki nga wahi i roto i te Lancers Cavalry, te wahi kihai i pahau. I reira ka tomo ia te mahi i raro i te ingoa riro Alexander Vasilyevich Sokolov - te tama a te rangatira nui, me te kaipupuri whenua.

Ko te whawhai tuatahi, me te George Cross mō te toa

Haere i roto i te tau 1806, a ka mau wahi te ope Russian i roto i whawhai ki a Napoleon, tomo ki hītori rite te Pakanga o te Tuawha Coalition. Ko reira te eve o te mai o te Pakanga II o te Ao. Nadezhda Andreevna Durova whai wāhi rite ki nga tangata i roto i te maha o nga whawhai nui o te wa, me te wahi katoa whakakitea itoito makehe. Hoki faaora whakawhiwhia he āpiha i werohia tona hoia George Cross , a ka hohoro whakatairangatia ana ki rangatira kore-i whakahau. I roto i tenei wā, kihai i tetahi o nga etahi ara mohio e te whakapakoko o te toa hikareia huna tetahi wahine taitamariki, me te pakarukaru.

te rongo ohorere

Engari kia rite ki matau koutou, e kore e huna e patu tangata. hohoro ka whakahau mohiotia taua roa-i pupuri huna Nadezhda Andreyevna. tukuna te reira i ona ake reta tuhituhi ki tona papa ki runga ki te mahana o tetahi o nga whawhai. Kahore hoki e mohio ranei ki te noho ora, ka ui Hope tona faaoreraa hara mo meinga ki a ia katoa, ka whakaritea tona whaea e ki wheako. I mua ki taua, kihai i Andrey matau ki te wahi tana tamahine, engari inaianei, he mōhiohio tika, tirohia ki te whakahau o te ope ki te hoki i te kāinga tangata haereere.

Mai i te tari matua o te tikanga i tata, me te rangatira o te hoia, i mahi rite Nadezhda Durova, wawe tonoa ia ki a St. Petersburg, ia hau te patu, me te hoatu i te reira tiaki pono. Ka taea e anake kotahi te kohuki e te mea ko te tauhohenga o hoa, ki te kitea i roto i te hunga mau tahuri atu ki a ratou, ahakoa pāpāringa, ko te haihana marohirohi, me te toa ...

Ko te whakarongo teitei ki Emperor

Na tae te rongo o toa faahiahia te Ariki Emperor Alexander ahau, a ka tae Nadezhda Andreevna i te pane, ka mau tonu ia ia i roto i te whare. I muri rongo i te aamu i i ite taitamariki wahine, ki te whai wāhi rite ki nga tangata i roto i te whawhai, a ka tino nui, matau e kawea te ope ia kahore aroha take, me te hiahia ki te mahi ki te whenua, whakaaetia te emepera Nadezhda Andreyevna ki kia i roto i ngā waeine whawhai, me te whaiaro tonu hanga kua i Order reira ki te paetukutuku o te rūtene tuarua.

Ano, ki te haere tonu kihai i ona whanaunga hanga te raruraru, ka tono te Hiha ia ki te mahi i roto i Mariupol Hussars i raro i te ingoa riro Aleksandra Andreevicha Aleksandrova. Ano, ka hoatu ia i te tika, ki te tika, ki te hanga tika i te tono ki te Hiha. he haamaitairaa taua i taua wa whakamahia anake te iwi tino tika.

tapere hoia

Ko te kupu Nadezhda Durova - te trooper-kotiro, me te āpiha wahine tuatahi i roto i Russia, i roto i Mariupol Hussars. Otiia hohoro reira puta ki a ia kōrero, tika o te tapere, he mea parakore. Ko te meka e i te rūtene fo'ou he tamahine kuru o te rangatira hoia. O te akoranga, i ia kahore whakaaro e pā ana ki ko wai te mea mau ia aroha Alexander Andreyevich. hiahia pono ka whakaaetia te kōwhiringa o tona tamahine ki toku ngakau katoa tona oaoa ki te kuao, me te taua āpiha ahuareka - Matua - Kānara whawhai, me te pai te tangata.

Ko te tino raukikini te āhuatanga. Maid maroke ake i te aroha, me te roimata Lila, a ko io papa, kahore hoki e mohio he aha e kore e te rūtene haere ui ki a ia ki te ringa tona tamahine. a Nadezhda Andreyevna ki te waiho kia vēkeveke whakaae ia Hussars ka tonu ki te mahi i roto i Ulan Squadron - ano, o te akoranga, i raro i te ingoa teka whakaaro hoki ia fakafo'ituitui kingi-emepera.

Ko te timatanga o te Pakanga II o te Ao

I te tau 1809 ka tono tangata Durov ki Sarapul, te wahi mahi tonu tona papa rite ratou tavana. I roto i tona whare noho ia mo e rua nga tau, a tata i mua i te whakaekenga Napoleonic haere ano ki te mahi i roto i nga Lancers Lithuanian. Kotahi tau i muri mai, i whakahau Nadezhda Andreevna hawhe-matua hoia. I te matenga o ona Lancers hepohepo i whai wāhi ia i roto i te nuinga o nga whawhai nui o 1812 te whawhai tau. whawhai ia i Smolensk ko Kolotskim ohu, me i Borodino mau semenov flushes rongonui - he pūnaha rautaki nui arā, o toru pa kaha. I reira i ia te whai wāhi ki te whawhai taha i te taha ki Bagration.

tika i roto i-Tumuaki

I maoro, i werohia Durov me mahue mo te maimoatanga ki tona papa i roto i Sarapul. I muri i whakaora, ka hoki ia ano ki te ope, a mahi hei Kutuzov maau, ki a Kutuzov tetahi o te torutoru nei i mohio nei ia tino i. A, no te tonu te ope Russian i roto i 1813, ngā mahi hōia i waho o Russia, noho Nadezhda Andreevna i nga rarangi, a i roto i te whawhai mo te whakaoranga o Tiamana i nga hōia Napoleonic whakanuia i roto i te whakapaenga o te pa Modlin me te hopu o Hamburg.

Life muri whakatā

I muri i te mutunga wikitoria o te whawhai, i tenei wahine mīharo te torutoru nga tau i muri i te taviniraa i te Tsar ko fatherland, i mutu ki te paetukutuku o te kaimahi-rangatira. tukua Chin Hope Durova ia ki te riro i te penihana oranga, me te whakarato rawa te oraraa whakamarie. noho ia i roto i Sarapul ki tona papa, engari wā noho i roto i Yelabuga i reira i ia he whare. Ko te tau poto i roto i te ope, i utaina ki runga ki Nadezhda Andreevna te tohu atu i, pea, whakamārama te maha ODDITIES e kua whakanuia nga tangata katoa i muri ki a ia i te wa.

Mai i te pukapuka o to'utangata mohio e tae noa te mutunga o tona ora, ka haere ia ki te kakahu o te tangata, me e haina nga tuhinga katoa te ingoa anake Aleksandrova Aleksandra Andreevicha. Mai i ētahi atu rite hiahiatia kōrero ki ake anake i roto i te ira tangata tautāne. Ko te mana'o e mate fakatāutaha mo ia te wahine ia kotahi i,, a ka whakaturia ki runga anake ia whakapakoko ake ki te ingoa i hanga-ake.

I te tahi taime i haere mai ai ki te tirohanga e. Hei tauira, ka kotahi te ra tana tama, Ivan Chernov (te taua tetahi i mahue kotahi ia, mahue tana tahu), ka tonoa e ia he pukapuka tono ki te manaaki a ia ki te marena, ka kite ia i tetahi piira ki a ia "mama," tahuna te pukapuka kahore noa pānui. Ko reira i muri noa i tuhituhi ano te tama, lave ki reira rite Aleksandru Andreevichu, pae hopea ka ia manaaki o te whaea.

mahi tuhi

E haere mai ana ki te okiokinga i muri i te mahi hōia, whai wāhi Nadezhda Andreevna i roto i ngā mahi tuhituhi. I roto i 1836, i roto i nga api o "Contemporary" ko ona haamana'oraa, muri iho i mahi rite te pūtake mo te rongonui "Notes", i whakaputaina nei i roto i te taua tau i raro i te taitara "Trooper-kotiro." whakamoemiti ia tona taranata rite te kaituhi i hoatu A. S. Pushkin, ki nei tutaki Durov roto i tona teina Basil, e mohio fakatāutaha te rohipehe nui. I whakaputaina te putanga whakamutunga o ona pukapuka i roto i te 1839, ka ko he hit nui, kipakipa te kaituhi ki te haere tonu tana mahi.

Whakamutunga o te ora wahine trooper

Otiia, i roto i te noa'tu o nga mea katoa, i roto i ona ra heke ko rawa mokemoke Durov. Ko te tata vai te reira i roto i te hunga tau i reira i maha ngeru me kuri, i tangohia ake te wahi taea ahau anake Nadezhda Andreevna. mate ia i roto i te tau 1866 i roto i Yelabuga, i mua i te tau o waru tekau-rua. Iteraa i te huarahi o te mate, e kore te reira i taui i to ratou mau peu, a Kohaina te ratonga hunaraa ano i raro i te ingoa toa - Alexander pononga a te Atua. Heoi, e kore i taea e te pāriha tohunga ofati i te kaupapa ture hahi, ka pai ki te whakarite i te hiahia o muri. hoatu Otpeli Nadezhda Andreevna te ara mua, engari i te hunaraa ona hōnore hōia.

Fanauhia i roto i te kingitanga o Catherine II, ko ia he nāianei o nga rangatira e rima o te torona emepaea o Russia, a oti ratou ara ki te kingitanga o Alexander II, i mua i tae ratou i te whakakāhoretanga o te serfdom. Na ka haere atu ia - engari e kore e i mahara o te iwi - Nadezhda Durova, biography i hora te hītori era katoa o to matou whenua.

Memory toe hoki tenetere

uri mauruuru Tumanako tamata Durova ki ake tona ingoa. I roto i te 1901, ka whakaturia e te tikanga emepaea o Nicholas II whakamaumaharatanga i runga i te urupa o te whakanui hoiho-kotiro. whaowhao nga epitaphs tangihanga i nga kupu, korero e pā ana ki tona ara whawhai i whakatika ki te paetukutuku o Nadezhda Durova, a faaite mauruuru ki tenei wahine toa. I roto i te 1962, i runga i tetahi o nga huarahi o te noho park pa pa kitea hoki te māhunga o tona compatriot rongonui.

Kua i roto i te wā pou-Soviet, i roto i te 1993, i whakatuwheratia te tohu ki a Nadezhda Durova i te Trinity Square Yelabuga. Ko tōna kaituhi he toi F. F. Lyah me kaihoahoa SL Buritsky. Kaua e noho peka me Russian kaituhi. I te 2013, i te whakanui i o te tau 230th o tona whanau i roto i nga taiepa a Yelabuga State Museum-Rahui haruru rotarota i oti rawa ki Nadezhda Durova tuhituhia maha kaitito o te mua, me to tatou to'utangata pai-mohiotia.