Kikiritanga rua

pata hae e hinga ki runga ki te tauhae o tetahi ara ranei tetahi, timata ki te whakarau. āmai witi, i hanga hae ngongo te i te pūtau vegetative. Ko te kupu, ka tīmata te germination. Mongamonga noa i te anga i te wahi thinnest o te ngongo hae. Mai i te pito o te ngongo tohaina matū motuhake. tamarû i ratou papanga tīwae me te taupae.

Ko te karihi o te pūtau generative me vegetative haere ki te ngongo hae. tuwhatuwhaia pūtau Generative me hanga e rua parāoa. Na roto i te micropyle (he poka i roto i te anga) Kei te ngoto ngongo hae ūhā ki te pūwhera kukune. Roto te ngongo putea pakaru te ka ringihia atu ona tirotiro.

Na ka puta hononga ki parāoa i kotahi hua manu. Ko te kupu, he kākano, muri hoatu timata kukune uri. Fakataha ki tenei tuarua hanumi ki te karihi pokapū o te parāoa. arata'i tenei ki te hanganga o te triploid karihi okeoke i muri i roto i te triploid endosperm, e ko te tuarua.

ka karanga te tukanga i runga katoa ko te "kikiritanga rua i roto i ngā tipu whaipua."

Antipodes me synergids (karihi neke i roto i te pūwhera kukune) i muri i e rewa otinga o te tukanga, me integuments (arai) hanga te koti uri.

kikiritanga Double i roto i ngā tipu i kitea e te pūtaiao Russian S. Navashin.

I roto i tenei tukanga, te karihi i roto i te pūwhera embryonic ko te tikanga nui nui atu i te karihi parāoa, meinga nei e te imiraa i te interphase tuatahi (wāhanga takawaenga). I roto i tenei huru me te āhua o te karihi o te pūwhera kukune kia rerekē. Hei tauira, kia etahi Asteraceae ratou kia elongated, ētahi wā whanoke, nucleoli kore. Ko te tikanga, kei te aroaro parāoa i te puka o porotaka karihi interphase ki nucleoli, i roto i ētahi wā, te kore rerekē ki te hanganga o te karihi wahine.

Ka taea e kikiritanga Double kia o rua nga momo, i runga i te āhua o te uniana o te karihi tane, he wahine rānei.

Ko te kupu, ina puta te tukanga premitotic karihi parāoa rumaki i roto i te matua wahine, i reira te despiralization (taui) pūira. I roto i tenei huinga uniana pūira e rua i roto i te karihi interphase whakamana.

kikiritanga rua Postmitotic ko te tomokanga o te karihi tane me te wahine, te pupuri anga i roto i te prophase, e mutu to ratou rōpū. Mātauranga karihi interphase, e i roto i ngā huinga pūira, mai i muri ka tu te wehenga mitotic tuatahi i roto i te whakatō kākano.

A, no te puta kikiritanga rua i roto i te hononga hua pūtau o rua haploid (kei roto te hawhe te maha o ngā pūira) otaota, Heoi karihi kākano diploid (ki te huinga tonu o pūira).

Tei runga i te maha o te karihi neke i roto i roto i te pūtau pokapū i hanga te maha o ngā pūira o karihi endosperm.

whakatairanga kikiritanga Double āhuatanga whakaaturanga anö i roto i te endosperm o purapura (ranu) whakato endosperm i te papa. Ki te kătahi o te ira pūwhera torutoru korere hae, tā te tukanga parāoa i te ngongo tuatahi, i roto i te tahi atu heke te korere parāoa. kikiritanga Double e rua spermatozoa ko tino onge.

I roto i embryological e rave rahi tūhuratanga mā te whakamahi i ngā māngai o angiosperms rerekē (Compositae, Ranunculaceae, Liliaceae) i whakamatauria Navashin endosperm apatoko rite te kukune ki te tukanga fakasekisualé i roto i ngā tipu whaipua. He āhuatanga anake o ngā māngai o te otaota angiosperms tenei āhuatanga.

Me kï reira e whakaaetia te mahi Navashin ki te whakamārama i te pātai o te takenga o te endosperm. Kua whakawhanakehia atu nga pānga o te kitenga o te kaipūtaiao.