Oliver Cromwell: he haurongo o te rangatira. hua Historical o te Protectorate o Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell - ko tetahi o nga whika tino rongonui o te kāwanatanga o Ingarangi. Riro whakawhetai rongo ki tona whakatutukitanga hōia me whakahounga.

Haurongo: Kromvel Oliver. Poto: te ora i mua i te whawhai,

Fanauhia i roto i te 1599 i roto i te County Hanitingitoní. Ko rawakore kairetiwhare whānau i te paerewa o te whiriwhiri Ingarihi o te wā. taea te takina Oliver tupuna hoki ki te rangatiratanga o Henry VIII. Ko i taua wa te puninga i taea ki te hanga i te waimarie, raupatu te whenua o te hahi, a, hai, ki te tiki i te taitara rawa. i tata ki te kingi kotahi whakatupuranga Cromwell, ko Tomas Kromvel noa i mahi rite 8 tau kaitohutohu Henry.

I roto i te pokapū o te mataeinaa - te taua pa Hanitingitoní - riro Oliver tona mātauranga tuatahi. Family tino piri ki te Puritan "wairua". Na reira, haere tonu atu akoranga Cromwell i Sidney Sussex College, i mohiotia hoki ona iho, me te Porotetani Calvinism, e te hunga pera tūturu i roto i te Puritanism. Mātauranga Ture Sciences Tamati kihai i ki tona matua, a ka ia hohoro maturuturu iho i roto i. I te onoonoraa o whanaunga, ka tangohia e ia hei wahine mana te tamahine o te kaipupuri whenua iti.

Ko te timatanga o te Pakanga Civil

I te timatanga o te rau tau 17 i roto i Ingarangi i tipu amuamu ki te kāwanatanga pokapū. Ko te arikitanga pūmau o Kingi Charles kihai i taea e ki te kawe i nga whakahounga tika ahau. Monarch, e hāngai ana i runga i te Ekalesia o Ingarangi, kua tino heke te mana o te Pāremata. Tenei Ua tauturu ia ki whakahoki te pūnaha tāketanga whenua me te mana tawhito. Kua meinga taua panoni inoino i roto i te iwi, i arahina ki te ngangaretanga.

i māngai Supporters o Puritanism roto i te Pāremata i te maha ngā rōpū, te nuinga o nei nga kaitautoko āhua o te tiaki o te mana-Siasí. Otiia i hanga wahi o nga Puritans te rōpū "Roundheads" - he whakahaere Palotisani tuwhena, te whakaaro o i ko i roto i te revolution ki te turaki i te ariki. I ahu te reira i te taha o Oliver Cromwell.

Ironsides kaieke hoiho

Ka taea te whakaaro te timatanga o te Pakanga Civil ha feinga tutuki o te Kingi ki te hopu e rima ngā mema. I muri i taua, ka anga nga taha e rua ki te kohikohi hoia. Te Royal Army kua he kaieke hoiho kaha e hoatu e ia he painga nui. ngā ope Pāremata o militias nei ka mau te tuatahi ake ringa. Ko reira ka e faaoti Cromwell ki te hanga i tētahi kapa o kaieke hoiho, ko wai i taea e ki te whawhai hoki i te eke hoiho kingi.

Oliver ia kihai i hōia, me te kore i haere i roto i te whakangungu, engari hoatu tau zemlevladelchestva ia he whakaaro e pā ana ki nga hariata. I te timatanga o te whawhai, ka e ia he rangatira o te wehe hoiho o rima tekau iwi. whakaako ia ratou ki te patu i roto i te rarangi me te whawhai i te taha. I roto i te whawhai, puritia te kaieke hoiho o Cromwell taha i te taha, me te kotahi wahi patua, i te kaieke kingi, arā, o te iwi i runga-te piha, ka whakaekea matapōkeretia. Innovations hohoro tuku hua, a ka Oliver Cromwell te rangatira o te rōpū rongonui "Ironsides Cavalry."

i pā ana ki 2 mano whawhai wae whawhai. Kua whakamatauria katoa o ratou me te kōwhiringa tino. Ia hoia ko te kaitautoko ngakau nui o te Porotetani me Puritan. riria iho e Oliver Cromwell inu me te petipeti i roto i te puni tukua ki a ia e te rōpū. whanonga hi'oraa maitai me te ako tino i mana whakatö nui. whakamoemititia iwi Local abstainers whawhai, me te pehu uru te ope o mema Pāremata. I mara te te puni whakawhirinaki nahanaha o takenga. Na reira, i tino tata-piri tonu te kōwae me te hoa. Hoki te itoito me te itoito i runga i te kaieke parekura o Cromwell riro te ingoa "Ironsides".

mapulei Te Tai Tokerau

I ngā tau pokapū-raumati kua tū 1644 ope pāremata te whakapaenga o York - te kaha matua o te kingi (ma'u tofi'a) kāwanatanga i roto i te Te Tai Tokerau. i matau ki ngā taha e rua te faufaa rautaki faahiahia o te pa, na reira, tohaina ki tenei rāngai ona ope pai. tonoa Korol Karl tona irāmutu Rupert ki te āwhina o te whakapaea, mo te wehi o maka ana te hoia pa. i akina atu ngā Inamata te ope ki te hoki whakamuri mema Pāremata. Ākina e tenei angitu, piri Prince Rupert ake ki te toenga o te ope kingi, ka haere Marson Moor, me te whāinga ki te wahi i te ope "Roundheads".

hanga Hōngongoi 2 ringa i roto i te tikanga o te whawhai, e tatari ana mo te whawhai. Ko te rongonui "rangatira" i roto i te nui o te 6000, ātete te ope o kaieke hoiho e arahina Oliver Cromwell. Commander mahue i roto i te rahui i te ope iti iti o kaieke Irish ki ngā āhuatanga tino. ka haere mai nga Cavaliers ki Marson-Moore ope 17000th. he mema Pāremata mō te 10 mano atu. Ko te whawhai, ko te nuinga o ti'aturi i runga i ngā whakahaere kaieke hoiho. I tū Cromwell i te parirau matau. whakahau ia ana tangata e kore e ki te hinga te wahi motu ke i muri i te whakaeke, ka mahi i rite te hinonga kotahi. Rupert ki kaieke hoiho faaite ia lancers ki tao roa, i patua nga kaieke ki aroraa tika.

Whawhai i roto i Marson-Moore

I 5 pm timata kē pū tuatahi. I muri 2 chasa takaro putorino, me te wehe Cromwell kokiritanga ki te patu i. Puta noa e takatakahi ana rāua ope i roto i te whawhai e mura. Mai i nga meneti tuatahi o te royalists anga ki te pana hoariri. Pāngia whawhai painga i kounga. kaieke katoa ko Rupert tamarikitanga whakaakona i roto i te mahi hōia taketake. i patua Oliver Cromwell i roto i te whawhai, a ka maunu atu ki takai. I tenei wāhi, ka mea ia te kapa rāhui ki te patu i te taha o "rangatira." whanau hua nekeneke, tuoi te hoariri. Na ka takaro ahau Oliver bet i runga i te whawhai i roto i te hanganga kikī. Sputtered runga te kaieke wāhi nui e kore i taea e Rupert te hono ki te whakarite i ātete, i kua whakarite anōtia e mema Pāremata ope, a rere he hinonga kotahi te whakaeke hou.

Hua o te whawhai

Ngā mihi ki te mahi kaieke angitu o Cromwell, i te royalists po i tino whakangaromia. I runga i te parekura noho e takoto ana 4,000 hoia, neke atu i te mano i riro. ngaro Army Parliamentarians hoia 300 anake.

Ko te hinganga o nga hoia kingi i Marson-Moore ko te nui wikitoria tuatahi o nga hunga tutu. Mapulei York tukua nga mema Pāremata ki te aroturuki katoa te Te Tai Tokerau. whakamatauria kaieke hoiho o Cromwell i mahi te painga i o te tātai whawhai hou i roto i te rarangi. Riri, ka mea a Prince Rupert e Oliver Cromwell, "pea Ironsides, i taea e nga wa matou toa" (kahore haamauraa mōhiohio o ngā tauākī).

Oliver Cromwell: Rūtene-Tianara o te ope pāremata

hanga whakaatu pūkenga whānui Cromwell ia rangatira o ngohi hōia katoa Paremata. timata tonu ia te hanganga o te ope o te tauira hou, te tauira o tona "Ironsides" kaieke. riro te absolutist Ingarangi rarangi āpiha i runga i to ratou nahanaha i roto i te hapori rānei. Te ope hou, i whakakorea tenei ture. E puritia ana e te iwi e kua faaite ratou pūkenga i roto i te mahi tūranga matua. Kua whai wāhi tēnei ki te piringatahi me te kotahitanga o nga hoia. Ano, enei panoni i whakaaetia e te iwi. Farmers me kaiwhakarēti iti maitai papatipu piri ki mema pāremata.

ope tauira New

E mahi E toru ope kōhikohiko ki takitahi, me te hāngai awhenga ki warlords anake, kua oti ratou tahuri ki tetahi, taua 22 mano tangata. i whakaritea ture tino o te ako mō te ofatiraa o nei i pēnei ki whiu rerekē. Ko te ngākau o hoia tautokona e te orometua. ko etahi o ratou hakari tika i runga i te parekura, e maka ana i runga i nga kakahu mangu. whawhai whakangungu Religious i roto i te wairua o te Puritanism, piri Cromwell faufaa motuhake.

I runga i te eve o te māngai o te whenua rawhiti, i ngā hiahia o te ope, ka mea te paku ki tonu ki te tautoko i. ka whakaiti Army whakariterite anō utu pūtea. Tona iriiringa o te pāremata hou riro te ope i roto i te whawhai i Nesbit, riro he wikitoria horo i runga i te "rangatira."

kingitanga o Cromwell

I muri i te wikitoria whakamutunga i runga i te Cavaliers i taea ki te whakatū i to ratou mana mema Pāremata. Oliver Cromwell arahina te whenua. Ariki Kaitiaki (Cromwell taitara) whakapumautia te tonotono, me te fakaaoao "rino" whakahau. okioki ia i runga i te tautoko o tona hoa whawhai, e i muri i noho te whawhai tūranga whakahaere matua. Enei tangata ko Cromwell pono, me te noa'tu whakarite i ana whakahau katoa. Fakafisi ki te tango i te taitara o Kingi, whakapumautia mau Cromwell te mana Republican o Ingarangi.

i hou pūnaha taake. nga rori matua katoa (ina koa koloa ara) Kei te tino mana e te ope. I tenei wa i timata te whakatikanga ake i roto i Koterana me Ireland. Cromwell fakafo'ituitui arahina te ope ki te pehi ia ratou. I muri i te whakaora tikanga, whakahokia ana e ia te mana o te Pāremata me te Whare o Ariki. e mauiui ana kaitautoko katoa o te kingi i a whakatoia. I Ariki nei tautoko i nga Royalists i roto i te Pakanga Civil, ka mau rawa e tika ana mō te whakahou. koa ēnei mahi i Calvinists me te iwi noa.

Mate me te tohu i runga i hītori

mate Oliver Cromwell i runga i Mahuru 13, 1658. Ko te take i mahara pau (etahi hītori whakapono e mate te Ariki Kaitiaki o malaria). Ko chic te tangihanga o te "rino" Oliver. Otiia i muri ia ratou i roto i te whenua tīmata arepurepuraa. Katoa i runga i Ingarangi, he poipoi o te whakararuraru, me te hepohepo. i takoha Pāremata ki te fakaafe'i Charles II, tama a mahi ana te kingi i runga i te torona. I muri te karauna whakahau Karl mana Cromwell tinana whakairi ake, a ka tapahia ki 4 wahi. Mai reira, kua araia nga peasants noa ki puaki te ingoa "Oliver Cromwell". He Haurongo Ariki mo te wa roa i raro i te aukatinga.

haere ki raro Cromwell i roto i te hītori rite te rangatira hōia rongonui , me te reforomatio. I roto i te kingitanga ko ia te tino paingia i roto i te iwi noa. Ko tona kaupapa here he tauira pirimia o Calvinism me te manapori. Ko te whakahounga whakaputaina Ariki Kaitiaki, ko te taahiraa matamua ki te hurihanga o te feudalism. I roto i te rau tau 20, i kitea funerary kanohi, i tanumia Oliver Cromwell. ngā kitenga Photo i raro. I te pae hopea, i tanumia ia anake i roto i te tau 1960 i roto i te fare pureraa o tetahi o nga kareti Cambridge.

Ki te whakatata tatou te take i te tirohanga o mua, nga tau o te käwanatanga, me te Protectorate i kahore pānga i runga i o Ingarangi, te whakarau i roto i te noa'tu o nga whakahounga katoa e e te whakaurua Oliver Cromwell. haurongo Poto o tairanga te pakeha otiia ngā i roto i te hōtaka akoranga whakangungu whakahauanga o te whare wänanga o Ingarangi mua katoa.