Pūtaiao Soviet, tetahi o nga kaiwhakatū o cosmonautics Yuri Kondratyuk: haurongo, whakatutukitanga me meka ngā

Yuriy Vasilevich Kondratyuk - pūtaiao o te USSR ki te White Guard whakamutunga. I whanau ia i roto i 1897, Hune 9. I roto i te rau tau wawe XX, i tatau ai i te trajectory tino arotau ki te marama - ". Kondratyuka ara" I muri, i whakamahia ana tātaitanga e NASA i te hōtaka "Apollo". A feruri i atu i te i ara rongonui Yuriy Vasilevich Kondratyuk.

Haurongo i whanau ki te whakarerenga

ko tino rerekē ingoa Real o te heke mai o te ahua pūtaiao tino. Yuri Kondratyuk - ingoakē Alexander Ignatievitch Shargeya. I whanau ia i roto i Poltava, i roto i te whānau Russified Tiamana me Hurai nei ka mau Katorika. Nui-koroua ko Anton Andreevich Shlippenbah, e whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai o te 1812

pau Alexander tona tamarikitanga i roto i te whare o tona tupuna, me te tuarua o tana tane. ko ia he kaiwhakawhanau, a ka ia - he tākuta whenua, me te matenga i muri o te toru o nga peka o te exchequer. A, ia ia i te tau tawhito, ka haere tona papa ki Germany, i Darmstadt, ki ako i te tehshkole Higher. I muri i te tahi mau wa, timata reira he mate hinengaro i roto i te whaea, a i whakanohoia e ia i roto i te hōhipera i raro i s. Iti Budyscha. Here pau ia te toenga o tona ora.

I te tau 1903 oho te papa tana tama ki a St Petersburg. Here, i roto i to ratou utuafare ka Helena Petrovna Giberman. ko ia te tamahine o te rata mātai rongonui, me translation o tānga hauora P. I. maimoa-Gibermana. Te tau e whai ake nei, i roto i 1907, haere Alexander ki te kura i runga i te motu Vasilveskom. I te tau 1910 ka whanau ia tona hawhe-tuahine Nina. I roto i te taua tau i mate ohorere tona papa. hoki Alexander ki te whare o tona kuia.

Mai i 1910 ki te 1916 riro ia i te tohu tuarua i roto i te hākinakina Tuarua Poltava, a ka puta ki te mētara hiriwa. Ki runga ki te otinga o te whakangungu, tae Alexander i mua Polytechnic Institute, tari aunoa (inaianei - St Petersburg Kuratini State University). Heoi, i roto i te Noema 1916 i te karanga o te ope i whakawhitia e ia ki te whakamana kura. I mua ki te Tuhinga o te puna o 1918 whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai i runga i te mua Turkish. Ka rite ki te rangatira o te ope tsarist, i muri i te takanga o 1917 i huihuia ia ki te ope o ma, engari koraha.

I muri i te hopu o Kiev Alexander Army Whero tamata ki te mawhiti i runga i te waewae ki waho. Otiia i hopukina ia, a whakahokia mai. I raro i te mamae o utu mo tona mua ki te awhina o tona kōkā riro Helen Giberman tuhinga hou. Mai taua taime ka e ia Yuriem Vasilevichem Kondratyukom, whanau i roto i te 1900 i roto i te rohe o Lutsk. E ai ki ēnei tuhinga, i ora ia te toe taima.

Ko te mahi tuatahi mahi

Mai i 1921 ki te tau 1927 i mahi Yuri Kondratyuk i Kuban, tonga Ukraine, te Te Tai Tokerau Caucasus. Here ko ia greaser, he waka tauaru, ararewa mīhini. I te tau 1927 ka whakatutehu ia ki Siberia i raro i te riri o te tāmitanga KGB. Ko māmā ki te huna i raro i te ingoa teka. I roto i Novosibirsk, riro te Yuriy Kondratyuk te kamupene "Khleboprodukt". Here i ia ki te tango i tetahi wahi i roto i te hanga me te whakapai ake o elevators. Just i tenei wa, i hanga e ia te rongonui "Mastodon" - .. witi, hangaia hoki i hanga 13 mano taranata o te whare, kahore te titi kotahi. I te wa ano, ka haere mai Yuri Kondratyuk e rave rahi taime i roto i Biisk. Hea kauhau ia ki runga ki te mechanization o tukanga rokiroki witi.

tamataraa

Na, whakahaere te kamupene o "Khleboprodukt" ui te tika o "Mastodon", nana nei i hanga te Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich. Ko te hopu i runga i utu o auru huna tangohia e wahi i roto i 1930, Hōngongoi 30. I whakamōhiotia whakahaere o te kamupene e te kaituhi o te kaupapa, e kore anake e kore i te whakamahi i whao, engari ko kihai noa tetahi tuhinga. Ka rite ki te hua, ki runga ki utu o Yuri Kondratyuk i whiua ki te toru tau i roto i te puni. "Mastodon" tu ano hoki neke atu i te 60 nga tau, a i wahia i roto i nga waenganui-90 i runga i te ahi.

ngā mahi hou

Na whakakapia puni i roto i te mahi i hanga i roto i Novosibirsk Bureau Special № 14 herehere Engineers. He i kawea i roto i te whanaketanga o hinonga waro kaupapa. I tū tenei mahi Yuri Kondratyuk. ki tonu tona haurongo te ki te momo o ngā mīharo. Ko te kupu, e mahi ana i roto i te tau tari 14, i taea ki te whiwhi Mua i roto i te mara o te taputapu maina, me te keri ia. I tua atu, kua whakaputaina e ia te maha o tuhinga i runga i ngā take motuhake. I roto i te whakarite a ratou, me te tere i te kătahi o maina i opalubnoy porodorubochnyh mechanization me mahi raima, whakapakaritia taraiwa puranga raima, a pera atu.

pāmu hau Crimean

I roto i te oraraa o te pokapū motuhake tū he whakataetae mo te hanganga o huahua o te tāutanga. Ko ngā o pānui me Yuri Kondratyuk. Hoahoa WEC kawea ia ki waho i roto i te mahi tahi ki a Gorchakov. A iti i muri mai, i whai wāhi ko Nikitin te mahi - te kaihanga o te pourewa pouaka whakaata Ostankino. oti nga huahua i e Whiringa whakaaetia 1932 Kaitito i muri i te wā poto o te wā e ki te haere ki te pane. I te whakataetae o te kaupapa ko te pai. I roto i te tau 1933, i te onoonoraa o te tuku wawe Commissariat Kondratyuka o nga tangata i te whakahekenga. Hoki te muri 1934, kua tino oti te hoahoa pāmu hau. timata Construction o te turanga i roto i te 1937 i runga i Maunga Hai-Petri. Heoi, i roto i te muri, 1938, i mutu mahi e tika ana ki te kore o kaha whakaurunga mana hau. Neke atu i te te rua tau i muri mai hangaia Kondratiuk te pairati iti WPP.

meka ngā

I te mahi i runga i te huahua o te hau wheako mana, i a Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich, biography, whakatutukitanga hiahia i roto i tona S. P. Koroleva. tatau whakamutunga i runga i te mahi tahi. Heoi, Kondratyuk Yuriy Vasilevich tenei tono e kore e manakohia. E ai ki te tetahi putanga, ka whakaaturia e ia te kore o tukupā tīariari e pā ana ki te mahi i runga i te pāmu hau. E ai ki ētahi atu puna, ko te take e te mahi e pā ana ki ngā kaupapa hōia, tino whakahaere i te NKVD. I roto i te take o te whakaū i taea te whakatuwhera i tona mua whiteguard me te meka o falsification o ngā tuhinga. Ko te mau hopearaa i taea kia tino nui.

Whai wāhi i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao

I te timatanga rawa o te whawhai, haina Yuri Kondratyuk i te nuu faehau rite te tūao. I whakauru ia i roto i te 2 Infantry Regiment o te Division 21 th o te rohe Moscow o Kiev, i roto i te whakaminenga o te kōrero, waea. I roto i te Oketopa 1941, te kōwae i o te taiao. Muri i mahi Kondratiuk i roto i te kamupene tūhono o te 47th Infantry Regiment o te Division 194th. I muri i taua, ko ia te rangatira o te prokomvzvoda me wehenga o te 1 Hokowhitu, wahi o te hanganga 2 o te ope Western 49th. I roto i runga ki te tomokanga "Buka o te Pūmahara" Yuri Kondratyuk (Yuriy Kondratyuk) mate ia i roto i 1942, i runga i February 25. I tanumia ia i roto i te rohe Orel, e tata ana te kainga. Krivtsovo.

kaiwhakarewa astronautics

Kua whakaputaina Yuriy Vasilevich Kondratyuk i roto i nga tau o tona mahi mahi e rave rahi pukapuka. Ko te kupu, ahakoa o Tsiolkovskii, i taea ki te deduce te tikanga taketake o te whārite taketake o te pere ia. I tua atu fakamatala'i Kondratjuk te ara iahiko e wha-atamira, me te mo te whakanoho i te pupuha paraboloidal oxyhydrogen wahie i roto i te ruma ngingiha pūkaha ki te wāhi putuputu o nozzles me ētahi atu, me te ake. o nei kua kī e ia katoa i roto i tona pukapuka "te hunga e ka lau ki hanga" i roto i te 1919

whakaaro matua

I roto i tona mahi i mana'ohia Kondratyuk:

1. Hoatu hau ātete i roto i braking tākirirangi i roto i te ōhanga uri wahie.
2. Whakaaturia te kaipuke i roto i te rere ki te tahi atu aorangi ki te āmionga o te amiorangi horihori. Hoki te taunga tangata, me te hoki mai ai ki te teihana ki te whakamahi i te tāutanga taunga iti. whakatinana tenei tono i roto i te hōtaka "Apollo".
3. Whakamahia mara kalāvité i colliding o tinana no te mo dorazgona braking ka rere i roto i te pūnaha solar ranei. Kua tēnei tono kua karangatia e "nekeneke rarua."

I roto i te pepa taua whakaaro Kondratiuk te taea ki te whakamahi i te pūngao kōmaru ki te kaha ngā pūnaha onboard o te waka ātea, me te ki te tuu i roto i te whenua e āmio whakaata nui ki te turama i te mata o te ao.

Ko te mahi tuarua

I roto i te 1929, fa'u ia he pukapuka e pā ana ki te raupatu o te wāhi interplanetary. Te reira i whakaaturia e Kondratiuk raupapa o ngā wāhanga tuatahi o te hōpara ātea, whakaahuatia nei i roto i tona mahi tuatahi. Na, i roto i te pukapuka hou, e whakaarohia ana te kaituhi ki te kawe i roto i te supply o āmiorangi roto ohuraa te whenua i te pūnaha pere me pū. I teie mahana, whakatinana tenei tikanga i roto i te puka o te waka, me te utanga kaipuke pērā i "Kaunuku". i roto i te pukapuka ano hoki rangahau Kondratiuk pātai e pā ana ki te tiaki waiariki o te waka ātea i roto i to ratou displacement i roto i te huru.

pūmahara

hoatu e ahau he rota o te kaha ki te whakahoki i te ingoa pai o Yuri Kondratyuk tona hoa, me te teina-a ka hoahoa kaipūkaha ratou tari. Lavochkin BI Romanenko. I muri tūranga i oti rawa ia ia katoa ki "interplanetary" nūpepa. I roto i te mahara o whakatutukitanga tino i hanga Kondratyuka maha urupa, e ingoa ara, i whakaputaina whakamaharatanga moni. Na, kohatu whakamaharatanga tāuta i Poltava, i Komsomolsk (i roto i te kāreti). I roto i te rohe Krylovskaya o te Territory Krasnodar i Art. Oketopa, he taonga whakamahara o Kondratyuk. Mai 1992, kua huaina te reira i muri i Novosibirsk Aerospace Lyceum. I roto i Novosibirsk ko Kiev whai huarahi Kondratyuk. I roto i te whakamutunga, tetahi o nga kāinga i tāutatia he tohu whakamahara. I roto i Ukraine, i te wa ano hoki i whakapumautia ai Medal. Yu. V. Kondratyuka. I roto i te 1997, i homai tona ingoa ki Poltava tehuniversitetu. I tēnei wā, ko reira te National Hangarau Institute. Yu. V. Kondratyuka. I roto i te 1970, ko tona ingoa tetahi o nga piere o runga i te taha ki muri o te Moon i te ingoa. I roto i te pane o Russia - Moscow - reira Str. Kondratyuk, i te mea wahi o te matatini roto-pae whakatapua ki te hōpara ātea. Tae noa 1965, i huaina tenei huarahi i te motokā Novoostankinsky 2. I roto i 1997, i roto i te tauira Ukraine i puta tiupiri moni, a i roto i te 2007 - rua pane poutāpeta ki te ingoa Kondratyuk. Street, whakatapua ki te ahua mahara, he hoki i roto i Rubtsovsk. Tenei ko reira tetahi o nga kamupene matamua i roto i te tukatuka me te rokiroki o ngā hua witi. Kamen-na-obi - i hanga te pa i rongonui i te "Mastodon", - i reira ko te huarahi Kondratyuk. I runga i te taha moana hanga he tohu i roto i te honore o te kaihoahoa. I te 2012, Hune 21, hoatu ake te pūkaha rapu "Google" logo i roto i te honore o Kondratyuk. I roto i te 2014, Oketopa 18, tangohia ahua pūtaiao tino me te kaihoahoa i roto i Alamogordo i te taiwhanga o te rongo te ao. I roto i Orel, i te Takiwa Bolhovskom, i roto i te rohe o te whakamahara tata te kainga whakaturia he tohu whakamaharatanga Krivtsovo Kondratyuk, e whakapae mate konei i roto i te whawhai Pakanga II o te Ao toto.

mutunga

Ahakoa tona mua tika anti-Soviet, hanga Yuri Kondratyuk he takoha nui ki te whanaketanga o te cosmonautics Russian, engineering, hanga, me te maha o te tahi atu rāngai e hāngai ana o te whenua. kua ana pukapuka tono whānui mahi i roto i Russia kore anake, engari ki waho ano hoki. Kia aroha mai, i reira i kore whai wāhitanga pērā mō te o te pümanawa nohopuku auaha, me te pūtaiao i roto i nga tau i mua i-te pakanga. Otiia whakahaere Kondratyuk ki te hanga i tētahi rota o kaupapa e kua hanga he pānga i roto i te aamu i te whenua o. Kei te kitea te reira e te ngakau ora, pūngao nui, he huru nui ki te katoa i mea ai ia. O te faufaa ngā i roto i te faaho'iraa mai o te mahara o reira ko te mahi o Romanenko. ka mohiotia te nuinga whakawhetai ki a ia ki maha meka haurongo Kondratyuk. whakaputaina Romanenko he pukapuka whakatapua ki te ora, me te mahi o tona hoa rongonui me te teina-hoia. Ki te kahore hoki tona mate ai i roto i te pakanga o te Pakanga nui Patriotic, ko te āhua e ako i te ao e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga hou, me te whakatutukitanga Yuriya Vasilevicha Kondratyuka. E rave rahi o tona whanaketanga me te whakamahia i te kau.