Paramu Smolinka: whakaahuatanga māka, whakaahua me arotake

Paramu - te ahurea rongonui o māra katoa. Hoki hoko ko he rota o ngā momo ātete ki pests me mate, me te tikanga rangi kino. E pai te taunga wana ki tikanga pae aro ki te huaranga me te hoatu e loto pai. Ko tētahi o nga momo tino noa te riringi Smolinka. tupu te momo pai i roto i te wahi o waho ake, me te i roto i te rohe o te wahi pokapū o Russia.

Paramu Smolinka: whakaahuatanga

rerekē maia paramu rakau, tupu ake ki te 5-5,5 m roto i te tiketike. āhua porotītaha Crohn, te matotoru toharite kikokore ranei. parauri kiri, taratara. Pihi paku kōpiko.

Ko te whārangi kua he porotaka poro-āhua, me ngā āhuatanga o 9.5 i 6.5 cm, pubescence kahore. zazubernnost Toharite. Tātārau puwhero-kōwhai.

He ma te puawai, kahore fluting. Pārau ovate. whakanohoia Photo Paramu Smolinka i te tuhinga.

Hua o te rakau paramu potupotutatau, taimaha ake ki te 35 t. Unprimed, me painga whakawhanakehia tui puku. Peel matotoru toharite. Ko te kōhao o te tae kōwhai-matomato. Wheua he separability toharite. Te reka o te hua o kawa-reka, ahuareka.

Pai me ngā raruraru o ngā momo

Whakaahuatanga o te paramu momo Smolinka karanga te papatipu o ona hua. I roto ia ratou:

• tukua tiketike - ki runga ki te 20 kg ia rakau;
• maoa wawe;
• reka pai o paramu me te penupenu reka;
• recoverability huka tere;
• mate resistance;
• hua maitai transportable.

Te whakamārama me te whakaahua o ngā momo paramu Smolinka whakaatu tura.

Tango toharite kia whakahuatia hardiness. Otiia, e kore e he ora nui i muri i toetoe makariri i roto i tenei auroro tango atu. Kei te whakaaro ano hoki nga āhuatanga rakau roroa samobesplodnost me manga pakarukaru raro i te taimaha o te hua taimaha. Hei whakakore i te raruraru muri, hoatu te mau tauhaa.

Tīpakonga o wana

A, no te kia utu te tīpako tipu whakarongo ki te pūnaha pakiaka. E nehenehe te reira tuwhera kati ranei. A i rua ratou huapai me ngā huakore. Whakatūwhera te pūnaha pakiaka he ngāwari ki te kia whakaaro mo te ahua aromatawai. Ko e hiahia ana koe ki te whakato i te rakau i roto i te wā motuhake - ahakoa i roto i te puna i mua i te wa e tipu ranei i roto i te mutunga o Mahuru. Autumn huero e tapiritia dropwise, a kua tīpakohia te aumou puna ki te tuu i te reira.

Tipu ki te pūnaha pakiaka kati, kua hokona whai pakiaka i roto i te whenua. Hoki tenei take, e taea te whakatokia ratou i tetahi wa. Otiia i roto i tenei take kahore he ara ki te aromatawai i te āhua o te pakiaka.

Me pāwhiri koe i runga i te huero e paku, i reira kia kia kore pākirikiri korero e pā ana ki maroke. huero e hauora He rawaka ngāwari.

Ki te rau huero e hokona ki kati hoki, e ti'a ia tatou kia kite i te reira mo tetahi mate me te werau. titiro ratou rite pungawerewere, stains, pirau. Me āta ki te titiro i te whakararo o nga rau.

tipu hokona o reanga rerekē, engari māra e te nuinga o te tau tuatahi pai, no te mea e taea e ratou hohoro atu tango pakiaka, me te noho iho i te pae hou.

tauranga

I mua i ū te paramu he tika ki te faaineine i te oneone. Ko te wa pai mo te taua mahi - te ngahuru. whakatō tipu whakaputaina i roto i te puna. Ki te whakatokia i roto i te hinga, i reira he kore te kī e ka whiwhi i te huero e waia.

He mea nui ki te whiriwhiri i te wahi e tika ana ki te whenua. Tatau i te wai-'ofa, pai onematua me te whenua one. pai ia taonga oneone wewete kai i roto i te mea organic me whai he taumata iti o te kawatanga. Ka taea e whakaiti i te kawatanga i te Liming.

Ata hurihia kotakota e pā ana ki nga tau e rima. meatia tenei e i roto i te hinga, me keri te oneone. Kei te whakaurua Fertilizer me kotakota, ka te oneone keria. Ki te whakapai ake i loto, kotakota oneone tau i roto i nga wahi iti. Ki te mahi i tenei, waimeha ki te puehu wai raima ki te pararopi hoatu tonu ki te rua mo te whakatō.

Hoki ia huero e rite rua 70 cm hohonu, me te 90 cm te whanui. Wehea atu te whenua ausia me hohonu i runga i taha ritenga. E whakatokia Trees, te faaafaro i te pakiaka. Ka rite ki backfill purupurua tāpiri Peat, te pararopi, me te pungarehu. Ana tēnei ranunga te tamped huero tonu. I tua atu whakanohoia 5 kahu cm o Peat mulch. A, no te whakatō kara pakiaka o tipu whakaritea ki te taumata whenua. I muri takatakahi ka waiho he iti teitei.

e kore e taea e Paramu tu kiato. E whakatokia wana i te wā o te 4 mita motu.

Ko te mahi matua o te tiaki

te tiaki tika o nga rakau paramu ka ngā:

1. tapahi i ia te wā.
2. Kai.
3. Pīata.
4. whakakaewa i te oneone.
5. Whakakore taru.
6. Te faaineineraa no te hotoke.

I muri whakatō paramu haira-ä-tau. Kei te poroa te pēne matua ki te 80 cm. wana taha whakapai hoki. E tapahia ana te toe manga ki te 20 cm. I te rua nga tau o riringi te kātua matua, e kore e tapahia, kua poroa wana taha e 1/3.

Ki te whakatokia nga paramu i roto i te oneone hua mo te maha o nga tau, e kore e taea e ratou whangai. rapu fertilizing whenua kau. aroha Paramu organic whakaurua e te puna me te hinga.

Taurite Ko te pānga tika i runga i hua. Kaha hiahia i roto i te piko makuku e ite i te timatanga o te wa e tipu, me te wā tupu me te maoa hua.

tiaki raumati

I roto i te raumati he nui reira ki te whangai i te awakeri tuarua, kua mahi i te reira i roto i te wā fruiting. Na roto i te hanga i ia nitrophosphate rakau, me rongoā tiomimi.

I muri i fruiting whangai ano pāhare pāporo pūkawa ngāwha me te pākawakawa.

mana tarutaru obligatory. Ko te rākau tangoro oneone ki te hohonu pāpaku, e kore e pa ki te pakiaka.

tahi te whakakaewa e te whakataki o Peat, wairākau me te pararopi. Ka taea e koe te tāpiri mea organic.

I roto i te tīmatanga o te raumati hua te tapahi ki te whakapiki ake i te taonga o te tahi atu manga. He mea nui ki te whai i te karauna ki te tukua te rā. I roto i te raumati ka taea e koe kuti i te manga tupu hoki, ko te hua matua i roto i te puna hanga, mo faaapîraa i.

ka haere tonu i muri, whakaahuatanga ki te whakaaro momo paramu Smolinka. rakau whakaahua taea ki a koe kite pai-a Matiu, pai whakapai otaota.

tiaki Autumn

I muri i te kotinga, whangai ano te paramu rongoā wairākau i roto i te rohe awhio-kātua. i raro i te rakau ano hoki te hanga i tētahi kahu tiaki o te rau lapnika me Peat, ki te whakawhāiti i te pānga kino o te hukapapa hotoke mura nei.

Me kahiwi ki whiten me te pepa hurihuri tata pōkai waihanga ranei. Te paru kahiwi vodoemulsionkoy kotakota ranei.

Ki te whakanui i te wai hardiness aroturuki me te whenua momona.

Diseases me pests

I roto i te mate paramu puta:

1. Klyasterosporioz - mate fungal, whakakitea e te rua i roto i te rau.
2. Moniliosis - tetahi atu mate fungal.
3. GUMMOSIS - takanga o totohu teriuma.
4. Waikura - kotingotingo i runga i te rau, ārahi ki to ratou ngaro.
5. pirau Fruit - he mate fungal, te mea whakangaro o te hua.

Paramu Smolinka kitea me ētahi atu mate. Hoki te mate mehua ārai te whakamahi i tiaki rakau taketake.

O pests mōrearea mō paramu:

• te huhu;
• aphids;
• sawfly.

Kai codling uri matua penupenu hua ranei. Ka taea e tetahi anuhe tūkino etahi hua. Whawhai Ko taea te purehurehu i te tikanga o te riringi ki faaineineraa motuhake. kawea maimoatanga i roto i muri i tupu a ka i muri i rua wiki.

Aphids rau kino, te pahua manga taitamariki. Whawhai reira pakeke, no te mea kei te arotahi te ngārara i runga i nga wahi o raro rawa o te rau. Measures ki te whakakore i te werau tango i roto i te tupu.

puta Sawfly 5 ra i mua i te tupu me te waha hua i roto i te puku. Ko te torongū tūkino i te hua o tipu ake. Ki te aro maputia ki ngā patukīrea i mua i te tupu wā.

Ko te mehua matua ki te ārai mate me pirinoa:

• kia whakatokia Trees i te tawhiti nui i ia atu;
• Ko reira nui ki te whiriwhiri i te paki, te wahi pai-hā, kahore he manawa whenua tata;
• Ehara i te mea e tika ana mō te tipu paramu i roto i te kotahi wahi ki nga papara;
• wā ki te hanga tapahi, te aperaa i thickening o te karauna, i muri i te tapahi patunga peratia;
• tahunga wā o manga tarai me rau hinga, rawa te mate;
• maimoatanga o patunga o nga rakau;
• fungicides maimoatanga auau;
• disinfection o taputapu kari katoa;
• tahu hinga rau ngahuru;
• keri kahiwi rākau i mua i te wa hotoke;
• rakau tukatuka Porau wai te otinga o te konukura pākawa ngāwhā ranei.

pollinators

Grade paramu Smolinka he samobesplodnym. Ko te pollinators pai hoki reira he:

• rikuri;
• te tino wawe;
• homai Blue;
• Volzhskaya ataahua;
• puru Egg.

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite ruinga, i runga i te pae, me ki paramu Smolinkoy whakato rakau pollinating atu momo. Wā i waenganui i nga rakau paramu e kore e nui 10 mita. Ruingahae Ko te whakawhiti o te hae i runga i te taupae o te pistil. mahi tenei e pi ranei atu pepeke, me te hau. Ka taea te mahi te ruingahae ā-i roto i te wā tino.

Mai kore te mea ahei o whaiaro ruingahae-te waikeri Smolinka, kia whai ia tatau i muri momo rerekē e taea te wairakau takitahi.

Ki te tiaki tika awakeri ka pai tona rangatira hua pai mō te maha o nga tau.