PCI-E mokamoka x16: āhuatanga me arotake. PCI-E kāri whakairoiro x16

Tata rawa tēnei wā Motherboards hou katoa ki te roha mokamoka PCI-E x16. E kore te mea poitirere tenei: ka whakaturia ki te whakatere whakairoiro motuhake, kahore nei te hanganga o te rorohiko whaiaro hua taea. te reira e pā ana ki tona ahua prehistory, whakaritenga hangarau me aratau taea o te mahi ka atu i te reira.

He whakamārama i'ai ahua roha

I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 2000, me te mokamoka roha AGP, e i taua wa i whakamahia ki te tāuta motuhake kāri whakairoiro, i reira te mea he āhuatanga ka tae te taumata mahi mōrahi te a kahore he nui tona kaha. Ka rite ki te hua, i hanga te huinga o PCI-sig, i tīmata ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūmanawa me te pūmārō wāhanga o te i'ai heke mai mō te kāri whakairoiro. Ko te hua o tona mahi, a ka i roto i 2002 te whakatakotoranga tuatahi o PCI Express 1.0 16x.

Ētahi kamupene ki te whakarite hototahitanga o te rua ngā i taua wāhi i roto i te wa kua whakawhanakehia tauranga tāutanga whāurutau whakairoiro motuhake te pūrere motuhake e taea ai e koe whakaturia nga rongoā whakairoiro tawhito i roto i te mokamoka roha hou. I roto i te reo o ngaio i ona ake ingoa taua whanaketanga - Whāurutau PCI-E x16 / AGP. Ko tōna whakaaro matua - ko ki te whakaiti i te utu o whakahou te PC i roto i te whakamahi o ngā wāhanga ki te whirihoranga o mua o te wae pūnaha. Otiia e kore e kua tenei mahi riro whakaaetanga whānui mo te take i i te kāri ataata taumata urunga ki te atanga hou te utu tata rite ki te utu o te pūurutau.

Whakarara ki tenei, kua hanga me te neke atu i te whakarereke ohie o te i'ai roha hoki pūmana waho, i whakakapi i te mua mo taua tauranga wa PCI. Ahakoa te ōrite kitea o enei whakaaro rerekē tino. Ki te taea te AGP me PCI whakamanamana o te whakawhiti whakarara o ngā mōhiohio, i konei ko reira he atanga rangatū PCI Express. Ko tōna tere teitei whakarato tino nui haere tere o te tuku raraunga i roto i te aratau Matarua tonu (i roto i tenei take i taea te tuku i te kōrero i rua tohutohu).

tuku Tere me te tikanga whakamunatanga

Ko te ti'araa o te PCI-E atanga x16 tau tohu te maha o here whakahaere mo te tuku raraunga. I roto i tenei take i reira e 16. Ia o ratou, i roto i te tahuri, ngā o 2 o waea takirua ki te tuku mōhiohio. Ka rite ki kï, te tere teitei whakaratohia e te meka e enei takirua whakahaere i roto i te aratau Matarua tonu. E ko, te tuku o te mōhiohio e taea te haere i roto i te rua ngā tohutohu.

Hei tiaki ki te mate ka taea te pirau o ngā raraunga tuku whakamahia i roto i tenei atanga ranei ko te kōrero pūnaha tiaki, e kiia nei ko 8B / 10B. tikanga tenei momotuhi te e whai ake: he tika ki te fakalahi ratou e pā ana 2 paraire mo te tuku tika, me te tika o te 8 paraire o raraunga ki te mahi i whakamanatanga. I roto i tenei take kua ki te whakawhiti 20 ōrau o te kātipa mōhiohio e kore e te kaiwhakamahi rorohiko kawe te ututaumaha te pūnaha. Otiia e kore e taea te mahi i tenei utu mo te mahi pono, me te pūmau o te pūnaha o te rorohiko whaiaro whakairoiro, a kahore reira tino.

Putanga PCI-E

titiro ōrite i runga i Motherboards katoa PCI-E mokamoka x16. Anake i konei i taea e te auau tuku raraunga i roto i ia take rerekē materia. Ka rite ki te hua, he rerekē hoki te mahi o te pūrere. He whakarerekētanga o tenei i roto i te gui he:

• PCI whakarereke 1 - Express v x16. 1.0 i te hōkaiipurangi ariā o 8 GB / s.
• 2 Generation PCI - Express v x16. 2.0 kia whakamanamana kē matou he tuaruatia ai o te uara hōkaiipurangi - 16 GB / s.
• Kua tonu kē te au rite mo te putanga tuatoru o te atanga. I roto i tenei take, i whakaritea te auau i 64 GB / s.

E ngā kitea e te whakaritenga o te hoapā enei i'ai kore e taea. Ko te kupu e hototahi ki ia atu ratou. Hei tauira, ki te ki te putanga mokamoka 3.0 whakatū i te kāri whakairoiro utu e hāngai i roto i te apa whakatakotoranga tinana 2.0, te pūnaha katoa o te tukatuka whakairoiro whakawhiti aunoa ki iti aratau nui-tere (arā, 2.0), a ka whai i roto i te heke mai ki te mahi i te reira ki te kaha o 64 GB / s.

Ko te whakatupuranga tuatahi o PCI Express

Mai tei tapaohia, i whakaurua te tuatahi PCI Express i 2002. Tona haerenga tohua te taeraa mai o te rorohiko whaiaro ki kāri whakairoiro maha, e e taea ki te whakamanamana ara kotahi huinga whakatere tere tiketike hoki. AGP 8x paerewa ka taea taonga hōkaiipurangi o 2.1 GB / s, me te arotake tuatahi o PCI Express - 8 GB / s.

O te akoranga, e kore te mea e tika ana korero e pā ana ki te tupu eightfold. 20 ōrau o te hua i whakamahia ki te tuku i te kōrero ratonga e taea ki a koe kitea hapa.

Whakarereke Tuarua PCI-E

Hei whakakapi i te whakatupuranga tuatahi o te atanga kaiwhakamahi whakairoiro i roto i 2007 ka haere PCI-E 2. 0 x16. kāri ataata whakatupuranga 2, rite tuhia i mua, i te pae tino, me te pūmanawa hototahi ki te whakarerekētanga tuatahi o tenei atanga. Anake i roto i tenei take tino heke te mahi o te pūnaha whakairoiro ki PCI Express 1.0 taumata-16x putanga o te atanga.

Takahi fakangatangata whakawhiti kōrero i roto i tenei take i rite ki te 16 GB / s. Ko pau 20 ōrau o te taonga hua i runga i nga rererangi. Ka rite ki te hua, i roto i te take tuatahi ōrite te tuku tūturu: 8 GB / s - (8 GB / s x 20%: 100%) = 6.4 Gbit / s. He mahi tuarua o te gui ko te uara i te reira e whai ake: 16 GB / s - (16 GB / s x 20%: 100%) = 12.8 GB / s. Wehewehe i te 12.8 GB / s ki te 6.4 GB / s, whiwhi tatou i te hua tere mahi tūturu o 2 taiepa i waenganui i te 1 me te 2 mahi PCI Express.

toru o whakatupuranga

Ko te whakamutunga, me te whakahou o tenei atanga tino nāianei i whakaputaina i roto i te 2010. Kei te nui haere tere x16 PCI-E tihi i roto i tenei take ki te 64 GB / s, a kia rite ki te 75 Watts te kaha mōrahi o te pūurutau whakairoiro kahore te mana atu i roto i tenei take.

Kōwhiringa whirihoranga ki te maha accelerators whakairoiro hei wāhanga o te PC. Ratou pai me ngā raruraru

Ko tētahi o nga innovations tino nui o tenei atanga ko te taea o te he maha whāurutau whakairoiro i roto i te PCI tupare ki-E x16. kāri ataata ngā ki ia atu ki te hanga i te nuinga i te taputapu kotahi. Kei te tāpiri ratou kaha katoa, a ka taea te reira e rave rahi mau taime ki te whakapiki ake i te tere o te PC ki te tūranga o te tukatuka image whakaaturia. Hoki rongoā i NVIDIA huaina tenei aratau ko šli, engari mo te GPUs i AMD - Crossfire.

Ko te heke mai o tenei paerewa

Kāniwha PCI-E x16 i roto i te heke mai, tino kore e huri. Tenei ka tukua pai atu whakamahi ataata rite te wahi o PC tawhitotia, me te reira kawe i te whakamohoa poua o te pūnaha rorohiko. Na mahi i nga ngā mo te putanga 4 o te tikanga tuku raraunga. Hoki whāurutau whakairoiro i roto i tenei take, ka e whakaratohia reira he mōrahi hōkaiipurangi o 128 GB / s. Tenei ka tukua ki te whakaatu i te whakapakoko i runga i te mata rite "4K" me te ake.

hua

Ko nga mea katoa i reira, me te PCI-E x16 mō inaianei kua kore mokamoka whakairoiro kē me te atanga. Ka waiho ia e hāngai ana mō te wā roa. tukua ona kōwhiringa ki a koe te hanga rua he pūnaha rorohiko taumata-urunga, me PC tiketike-mutunga ki accelerators maha. Ko te tika ki tenei ngāwari te reira, a e kore e tūmanakohia tino huringa i roto i tenei motuhake.