Pilot Stepan Mikoyan: biography, whakaahua

Stepan Mikoyan - pairati whakamātautau Soviet, rererangi, Hero o te USSR, taata tei mau o nga Ota o Lenin me te Kara Whero, e pā ana te oranga i ki te rererangi. Ko ia te tangata e he kawenga mō te whakahaere i te rongonui "Buran" - Space Shuttle, e whakamatautau nei i te angitu nui i roto i Whiringa 1988

tamarikitanga

whanau Mikoyan Stepan Anastasovich, tona haurongo e whakaahuatia i roto i tenei tuhinga, i roto i Tiflis (inaianei Tbilisi) 12 Hōngongoi 1922 Matua Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan ko te rangatira rōpū, me te āhua Soviet pai-mohiotia, me tona whaea Ashkhen Lazarevna Tumanyan. ko te roa, me te hari ratou faaipoiporaa. I roto i te mau parau a Stepan Mikoyan, kihai ia i taea e mahara he take kotahi ina totohe ana matua i whakaara ratou reo ranei. Kua tukinotia tonu ratou tetahi ki tetahi ki nui te aroha me te whakaute.

a e rima nga tama te whānau Mikoyans. Ko te matamua o ratou ko Stepan. ingoa ana tamariki teina e toru a i muri i te commissars Baku rongonui - Sergo Ordzhonikidze, Alekseya Dzhaparidze, Stepan Shaumyan ko Ivana Fioletova, ki nei kua tonu tonu Anastas Mikoyan whanaunga hoa. ingoa tama Tuarua ko Volodya, pera i whanau ia i te tau i muri i te matenga o VI Lenin. pau hararei tamariki katoa i te whare "Zubalovo". E ai ki a Stepan Mikoyan, ko reira he wāhi nui, kopakia ana e te taiepa pereki tiketike. Na wahi i roto i te ngakau o taua mea i reira ko tetahi whare "Zubalovo-2", i reira noho Stalin ki tona utuafare.

Mai ko Anastas Ivanovich he Statesman nui, ko ia hoa ki te iwi maha i te tira Iosifa Stalina, i muri nei i repressed. mohio Stepan ratou katoa, a ki te hoa tamarikitanga ki te tama a te rangatira Vasiliem Stalinym.

rangi arearea

I roto i te 30raa o te rau tau whakamutunga, tata hiahia katoa taiohi ki te hono i tona ora ki te rererangi. Mō rangi i moe o rau o nga mano o kura Soviet. Ko ahau kahore okotahi me te tama matamua Stepan Mikoyan. I tua atu, i āwhina tenei arearea kua tona matua keke Artem Ivanovich, e i taua wa ko te kuao kaihoahoa rererangi.

I roto i August 1940, Stepan Mikoyan, me ki te hoa whakauru Timurom Frunze i Kachin kura e rere. He tau i muri mai, i roto i te tīmatanga o Mahuru 1941, pai puta ia i te kura i roto i te pa o Krasny Kut (Saratov rohe.). I muri i taua i tonoa e ia ki te hoia whakakapinga 8 e tu i roto i te kainga iti Sennoy, tika te raki o Saratov. Here, i ia ki hohoro anō-ako ki te rere i te rererangi "Yak-1." I roto i te waenganui-Hakihea o te taua tau i runga i te tohatoha o Stepan Mikoyan (pia whakaahua aroaro i roto i te tuhinga) tomo te 11 th Fighter Regiment, wahi o te 6 IAK PVO me te tiaki i te rangi ki runga ki Moscow.

War Great Patriotic

Tae i to ratou ūnga, kitea te pairati taitamariki e tona wiki i mua rere reira ki te patu i ngā hōia Tiamana whenua. Heoi, hoki katoa o Hakihea me wahi o Hanuere 1942, kihai i whakahaere ia ki kore rere i runga i te misioni, rite kore ngā āhuatanga huarere tino i tukua ki te kawe i roto i tetahi ngā mahi mātātoa i roto i te rangi. Ki te tīmatanga o ra nehenehe roa ka whai wāhi Stepan Mikoyan i runga i tona waka rererangi "Yak-1" i roto i te rerenga, ki te whakaaro o i ko ki taupoki ana i te hōia Soviet tata te pa o Volokolamsk, me i ngā, i te kaieke hoiho o General LM Dovator nei i mahi i te wa ki ngā marau wa i rohe German-nohoia.

Ko reira kahore ngaro e tino maha, rererangi Soviet haere mai i raro i te ahi i te pu antiaircraft hoariri. Na ko reira tetahi o nga ra o Hanuere 1942 te hoariri pū anti-rererangi whakatuwheratia ahi i runga i to tatou waka rererangi, haunga tahuri kino koi te rangi, me te reira ko te hiona taimaha. Ko, ahakoa tenei, i taea ki te whenua tika i runga i te runway tika Stepanu Mikoyanu, e mohio te wāhi o te huarahi o Moscow, tata ki te Central Aerodrome i Moscow, i reira noho ia tona 11 th Fighter Regiment te matua hoia.

iriiringa o te toto

I roto i te katoa i roto i te hotoke o 1941-1942. pairati taitamariki hei wāhanga o tona hapu hoia, i hanga 10 flights angitu, engari 11 meneti i taea e mate hoki ia. January 16, i te hipoki Istra tona manureva mo etahi aituā wawau i patua e te rūtene tuarua 562 th Regiment Mihailom Rodionovym. Stepan Mikoyan, tona haurongo i taea e runga i tenei mutunga, me te, tonu te whakahaere ki te whenua i tona waka mura, mea nga kaiurungi, tika i runga i te kopu. I kitea te hinga o te rererangi Soviet nga taiohi kainga. toia ratou te tahuna, ki te waewae whati ki te whakamätau o te ara, a ki reira, te kimi etahi reti, ka mau ia ki te hōhipera mara.

Kei te haere Mikhail Rodionov hara ki te hoatu i te nohoanga whakawa, a ka te rūtene Mikoyan mahi i muri i tona ora. Ko tenei, e kore reira ka tae ki te kōti. I roto i te tīmatanga o Hune 1942, patua Senior Rūtene Rodionov i roto i te pakanga rangi tata Kaluga, murimatetia hoki i whakawhiwhia e ia te Hero taitara o te Soviet Union. Na a Stepan ki te whakaora ratou patunga mo ake he torutoru marama.

rererangi hou

I roto i August 1942 i roto i Lyubertsy i runga i tona ripeneta kua toru ka haere 434 th Fighter Aviation Regiment, e muri ka te tiaki 32. Ko reira rongonui mo te meka reira kotahi e whawhai 26 kaiurungi, e riro te taitara o Heroes o te Soviet Union. Fakataha, koperea ratou iho rererangi neke atu i 520 te hoariri. Na i roto i 1942 ko te rangatira hoia hero-tau 24-tau o te Soviet Union Ivan Kleschev, a ko i tiaki o te kōwae iho Vasily Stalin.

mohio Tama a te rangatira i te tamarikitanga i nga teina Mikoyans - Stepan ko Vladimir. Tuatahi, ka mau te hoia nga mea o muri, a muri whakaurua me tuarua. I muri i te hoia whawhai nei mahi ki a ratou taha i te taha, i korerotia e matou i tino ako, uaua, me te haehaa nga teina e rua, na ratou tata tonu piri te whānau hoia hoa.

I te timatanga o Mahuru 1942 OTI kaimahi o te hoia, ka noho i runga i rere rererangi waka ki Sennoy. Here, te kaiurungi i ki te whakawhanake i rererangi toa hou "Yak-7B", noa tae tika i te Saratov Aviation Plant. He torutoru nga ra i muri mai ka puta mai he tikanga ki te hūnuku ki tētahi atu rererangi, kei tata i te pāmu "Stalingrad", i te mea tika 60 km i te pa. ua tapurahia tonu Kleschevsky wiki ki te Ope 16.

Dogfights mo Stalingrad

Ko te misioni whawhai tuatahi o te hoia hou i hanga whakahau fakatāutaha Ivan Kleschev. Te kitenga o Stalingrad tuatahi i te rangi, i patua nga manene i te matakitakinga taua. i muri haamana'o Stepan Mikoyan e puta ana kanohi i te pa uira. paoa Black i te ahi whakatika ake ki te maha o kiromita, ka titiro ia i roto i roto i te wai puru o te Don me Täingäwai. I roto i te rangi tere rau o rererangi, e te nuinga o nga toa Tiamana me rererangi.

Ka rite ki mohiotia te, te rangatira hoia Kleshchev whakaurua tonu tauhou ki nga dogfights āta. Na, ahakoa te meka e kua a Stepan Mikoyan etahi wheako whawhai i roto i te rangi i runga i te whakapaipai, te reira otiia takoto reira ki hono kau muimuí. E āwhina ana tēnei rauhanga kaiurungi taitamariki whakahau whiwhi wheako whawhai kahore mōrea rawa nui.

Whakatārewatanga i rere

Heoi, ko te kino te hawhe tuarua o Mahuru: e toru anake wiki dogfighting wiki whakangaromia neke atu i te 80 whawhai hoariri. Otiia ko nga parekura wehenga nui: 25 rererangi, me te 16 kaiurungi. I roto i te mate, ko te teina Vladimir Stepan Mikoyan. rangatira hoia Ivan ia Kleshchev i tino werohia.

I muri i te matenga o tona teina i whakatārewatia Mikoyan Stepan Anastasovich i rere i te tikanga o te whakahau. I roto i te mahara o Vladimir kawea kaiurungi i runga i rererangi maha te tuhituhinga "hoki Volodya!". I roto i te tīmatanga o Oketopa, i tonoa nga toenga o hoia ki te muri. He maha ngā rangatira i whakawhiwhia te Hero taitara o te Soviet Union, ko Vladimir (murimatetia) me Stepan whakawhiwhia nga whakahau hōia o te Kara Whero.

oti War Mikoyan i te ana'iraa o te rangatira, ka i whakawhiwhia hōnore whawhai e rua. I roto i nga whawhai, i ia ki te noho i te torutoru whawhai ki rererangi hoariri, engari, kia rite ki nga tuhinga, tae atu 6 rōpū toa tona pūkete whawhai.

Ako i roto i te Engineering Academy

I roto i te 1945, marena te wikitoria Mikoyan tona hoa tawhito Eleanor, tamahine o te whakamätau whakamātautau Petra Lozovskogo, nei i fakamamahi patua i te rere i te rererangi toa "ahau-4". I muri i te marena, ka tomo te tangata taitama te Air Force Academy. NE Zhukovsky i te Faculty o Engineering. E faaroo nei i kua tau o te wheako i, i whakaaetia ki te rere i te rererangi i te tikanga o te Academy. Na i roto i te kainga ko Training wiki. Belopesotsky tata Kashira. Muri, i ki te rangatira i te seti whawhai hōu e toru o ratou.

Hoki tona kaupapa tu'ite whiriwhiria Mikoyan Stepan Anastasovich te uaua, me te kaua maia mo te kaupapa wā. āwangawanga te reira i te toa rauhanga paorangi. Te nuinga pea, te mōhiohio katoa e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o te rererangi i mua nei "mig-19" i riro ia i tona matua keke Anusha Mikoyan.

kaupapa tu'ite Stepan arahina e te VF rongonui Bolkhovitinov e ara i mua i rave i te whawhai i roto i te hanganga o rererangi taimaha "DB-A", a muri mai i te hanganga o te tuatahi i roto i te Soviet Union pere kaipahua "BI". Ko te kupu, Ka taea e tatou te mea ki te tino e Mikoyan me ratou hoa e kaiurungi ngaio me Engineers pūkaha i i te timatanga rawa o te hanganga o te kōpana rererangi.

mahi pakeke

I roto i August 1951, ka Stepan Ananstasovich i runga i te tūranga rere whakamātautau i roto i nii Air Force. Here pau ia 23 tau te roa i roto i whakamatautau rererangi whawhai rerekē no ki Yakovlev, Mikoyan ko Sukhoi. Ia, neke atu i te tangata atu, kua pai ngā ia te mahi o te pairati ki te tūranga o te mataaro pūkaha mata SRI.

Mai 1975 Stepan Mikoyan - te Hero o te Soviet Union. roaa ia te reira i te paetukutuku te tiketike mo te whakamātautau hou o te Interceptor "mig-25". Hoki te wa katoa tona mahi i ia taea ki te rangatira i te momo rerekē 102 o rererangi, he i te wa ano i roto i te rangi neke atu i 3.5 mano. Haora.

hōtaka "Buran"

I roto i te 1974 Stepan Anastasovich i te whakatau o te poari hauora i nekehia atu i te whakamātautau o waka whawhai, engari i tukua e ia ki te mahi i runga i waka topatopa me waka me te pāhihi rererangi. I 56 tau o te ao i matau ia e kore e taea ki ia kotahi ano pai haere te whakamātautau hauora, na i matou ki te farii i te tuku ki te neke ki tetahi atu mahi.

I roto i te April 1978, ka Mikoyan tuarua rangatira kaihoahoa "Uira" NGO. Here GE Lozino-Lozinsky hanga kaipuke orbital "Buran". I raro i enei tikanga, i te momeniti pai mai putu i runga i maha nga tau o te wheako mahi Stepan Anastasovich i te whakahaere o te whakamātautau rere, no ka takoto te ki te hanga i te orotahi kōhauhau o te kaipuke, ko "Hua 002". whakamātautau Flight, pae, me te whakangungu hangarau o kaiurungi whai wāhi i roto i te Mikoyan. Ko ia te kawenga mō te whakahaere me te mau "Buran" i roto i tona rere mua, o muri ki te wāhi.

pukapuka

Whakarāpopoto, ka taea e tatou te mea ki te tino e Rūtene Tianara Aviation Stepan Mikoyan tata tona ora katoa ki te rererangi, ranei, kaua, ratou Hekenga. Na kia rite ki te whānui hina-hina-tau 70-tau, toutou peia e ia te motokā ia, "Yak-18T".

Ahakoa tona hōtaka pukumahi, ia kitea tonu te wa ki te tuhituhi i te pukapuka. Haurongo i roto i te natura, pukapuka tika whakaata ora i roto i te Soviet Union me katoa o te mea ora e ia me pehea mahi ia ia kaituhi rongonui Stepan Mikoyan. haere mai "Memoirs o te pairati whakamātautau hōia" tuatahi i roto i te UK, a muri i roto i Russia. whakaohokia tenei pukapuka moni nui hoki e kore anake kaiurungi engari ano te iwi noa e tiaki e pā ana ki te hītori o te kāwanatanga.