Ko te whakahou fakaefakamaau o 1864 i roto i Russia

whakahou ture te āhuatanga o 1864 te rite ki te hua o te raruraru i roto i te hapori Russian. Ko te hinga i roto i te Crimean War i 1856, i hanga te preconditions mo te hanganga o te āhuatanga orurehau. I roto i te aromatawai i te mea kei te tupu i roto i te whenua, mārama Alexander II te hiahia mō ngā hanganga i roto i te whenua. whakahou fakaefakamaau i roto i te tau 1864 ke te pūnaha feudal i roto i te whenua. ko te tino ahunga whakamua i roto i te whanaketanga o te hapori Russian tenei.

āhuatanga te hanganga marae i mua i whakahou-e whakama, whīwhiwhi whakaritenga ngā, te ngaro o te Bar, tekau, he maha nga tinana, rīpene whero, uhi, taero.

I roto i te feudal Russia i taua wa i te wā e te pūnaha uzkososlovnaya kōti, ti'aturiraa tika i runga i te whakahaere. taa ê tokomaha me te momo wā āhua inquisitorial o te tukanga, i hāngai i runga i te ariā mārama ōkawa. whakahou fakaefakamaau i roto i te tau 1864 kawea nui huringa i roto i te hanganga.

kitea Transformation nga ngākau nuitanga o te bourgeoisie - he piha e hiahia ki te whakakotahi ratou tūranga. Tenei e taea te tutuki i roto i anake te whakatikatika i, ahakoa ōkawa, kawea katoa ki te tika. Otiia, ko te whakahou ture o 1864 kī nga turanga o te bourgeois Ture. whakakitea matua Transformation i te whakataki o te tikanga ture, kukume tekau, faaapīraa tari o te rōia hāmene. Ko te huringa fokotu'u me te whakahaere hou o te marae, me te tukanga ture.

hanga e te reira i te pūnaha whai hua, me te taketake. tikanga whakawā i roto i te tau 1864 whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o tenei hanganga. Ko te kupu, e rua pūnaha i piri te tinana rawa te pūnaha hou - te kaumatua. ngā te hanganga o marae ao, me te whānui, enei manga, i tahuri, ngā te tinana o te mana motuhake (arumoni, mataeinaa, hōia, me ētahi atu), e whakarato ana hoki i te hanganga o te tahi atu ture.

whakahou fakaefakamaau i roto i te tau 1864 whai wāhi ki te hanganga o te marae noa. E te tauira tuatahi pēnei te mana rohe. whakau ana ia mataeinaa te Kooti kia whiriwhiria o ngā take taihara me te tivira, e kore e nei i ngā i roto i te hōkai o te mana o tikanga o te rangimarie.

Te taha ki tenei, i roto i te huringa o te pūnaha hou i hanga e i roto i te uruhi ture.

I hanga e te kāwanatanga, kia e te tirohanga hou, me te māramatanga o te tika, me te tikanga o te ture.

huaina tikanga Ture i roto i mua-pāhoro Russia i te ture whakaaetia i roto i te tau 1864, 20 Whiringa:

1. Ko te marae te ture o te tika ki te whakawhiti te mana ki te Congress o Judges, te takiwa, te tau tuuraa ao, te Whare me kaumatua.
2. Ko te tūtohinga o te whiu i utaina e te kōti kaiwhakawa '. tautuhi ana tēnei Code te hara ki te pūnaha tōrangapū, me te pāpori, te whakahaere kia, me ētahi atu mea. i tawhiti ēnei hara i "ture Code o whiu herehere, me te taihara."
3. Ko te ture o te tukanga taihara. Hātepe Kirimina tautuhi Code te mātau o te arotake o te wā e hāngai ana. I tua atu, whakau ana te ture te tikanga o te hanga i roto i te ao, me te ngā pūrere, te tikanga whānui. I runga anō i te waehere takoto, me te matua wāhanga o te whakahaerenga.
4. Charter o Civil Hātepe. Code o Civil Hātepe taa ê whakahaere take i roto i mana tūmatanui, me te i roto i te ture, me te whakahaere, ao tāuta.

Ka rite ki ki te hua o whakahounga huri kore anake te hanganga o te rāngai ture. I hanga e te reira i te hou, te mau parau tumu bourgeois-manapori o tukanga whakahaere i runga i whakataetae, publicity, te kuranga. Waihanga etahi okana hua te whakamahi i te pūnaha pōti. I hanga e hoki te reira a feunga mārama marae hanganga.