Strelets hōia o Pita I. He aha titore strelets hōia i te ope auau

Strelets hōia, te whakatūnga o e pā ana ki te 1550, tuatahi ngā o e toru mano iwi. i puritia katoa o ratou i roto i te takitahi "whakahau" o 500 ia ka ko whaiaro kaitiaki Ivana Groznogo.

History o hanga

kupu tawhito Slavic "Sagittarius" pā ki te kopere, ko te wāhanga nui o nga mano wharekarakia. I muri mai i roto i Russia ka pera ka karanga māngai o te hōia auau tuatahi. whakakapi Strelets hoia te faehau-Pishalnikov. Whakahau "whakahau" hoia tamariki.

tu ana nga kaikopere i roto i te whakataunga tapa. whakaritea ratou te utu o te 4 moni ia tau. Strelets ope āta ka anga ki te hanga tūturu te hoia Moscow.

Ko te iriiringa tuatahi o te ahi rite te ope auau

Tonu i muri i riro tana ope strelets ahua ona iriiri o te ahi. Kohikohi i roto i 1552 toa ki te hopu Kazan, Ivan IV o te ope auau me tenei ngā novoorganizovannoe kōwae. I roto i te aamu o te whakapaenga me Mokoia muri o te ope strelets pa te whakatangihanga a te wāhi nui. Kei te nuinga o wāhi te reira ki te angitu o te pakanga o te raupatu o te Kazan Khanate.

Tsar Ivan IV o, ki te mauruuru ratou kaikopere, ka anga ki te whakapiki ake i tere ratou tau. A i roto i nga 60raa o te rau tau 16 i reira i pā ana ki 8000. Na roto i te mutunga o nga 80s, kua raro i te kingitanga o te mono o Ivan IV, Fedora Ioannovicha, - neke atu i te 12 mano. I te wa ano, neke atu i te hawhe - 7000 kaikopere - noho tūturu i roto i Moscow, me te okiokinga - ki ētahi atu pa, te wahi kawea te nuinga hoia ratonga pirihimana ranei.

He aha te mea ope strelets

2000 musketeers Moscow i pera-ka karanga "tuhi" mau dragoons me hoia u ki runga ki te hoiho. riro te reira i te wahi nui o te mutunga o te 16 rati Moscow me te tīmatanga o te rau tau 17. Tata tetahi o nga kaupapa nui, tae atu te pakanga i roto i te Livonian War, me te whakaata o te huaki i runga i te Moscow Crimean Tatars kihai i mahi i waho ratou.

Heoi, mo te faufaa katoa e kore matou e pe si◊aki tenei kōwae. I hanga Strelets ope ki te pana i ranei ara whakakapi i te eke hoiho Local. Heoi, e kore tenei i tupu. Ahakoa te meka e ko tenei ope tino he kaha paoro. Otiia, patu pischal puhipuhi puhoi (wicking pū kotahi 8 kg, he ërä 22 mm o me te whānuitanga o runga ki te 200 m), e kore streltsi i nui tupono o te angitu. i ratou ki te taupoki ana ake te oraraa, no te mea i taea e ki te patu i te hoariri i waho te ihupuku i patua i te wa o recharging ana patu antediluvian ratou o nei.

rahunga

I roto i Europe, te wahi i hoki patu te kai ki rite uhi mo timata pikemen nga kaikopere, ko te koraha Russian, he horihori ratou. Na reira strelets ope hoki ki tenei whakaaro te whakamahi i te hipi tūturu o te whenua, ngahere me Aherimi. Huna i muri ratou, ko reira taea ki te tatau i runga i te whakaata angitu o whakaeke hoariri. Ka rite ki te meatanga, hei tauira, i roto i 1555, te tau i roto i te whawhai o Sudbischami wahi patua strelets ope i te taha o Krymchaks, huna i roto i te oki, me te tiakina i te ahiahi noa ka Khan, wehi te taenga o ope hou Russian kihai i muri.

He aha te mea te strelets rerekētanga i te ope auau ope

He nui angitu atu "whakahau" Kua mahi i roto i te korero, me te whakapaea o te pa. I muri i te katoa, i ratou wa ki te whakarite i te parepare tika - tours, awarua taiepa ranei. Na reira, kau faihisitōlia whakapono e, ka hanga i te tinana o musketeers Ivan Grozny me ana kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro tamata ki faatano pai wheako Pākehā o te hanga i te hōia auau ki mau Russian. kihai i ratou matapo tārua te whakatü hōia "tāwāhi", patu e rua ngā momo motuhake o hōia, a ka i iti ki tetahi anake, engari ko te whai hua te nuinga i roto i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o Russia.

Ka taea te huaina hōia Mātauranga Strelets te whakautu hōia Russian ki whakaaro i te whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o ā ahi-ringa. I mahara te reira ki te mahi rite te tāpiritanga ki te kaieke rohe, i patu te nuinga i whiua e me patu pakarutanga. Heoi, e kore i taea e te wahi tino i roto i te Musketeers ope ope auau Russian tango i tetahi atu. Hoki e whai tenei ki kia rerekē, patu kore anake, me tātai, engari ano hoki i te hoariri. A tae noa ki taua tupu, tenei ope noho he wae nui, me te tika, ahakoa iti o te rau tau 16 te ope Russian.

Ua itehia teie me te taimaha motuhake o nga kaikopere, i reira. Na roto i te mutunga o te rau tau tekau ma ono, kia rite ki ngā whakatau tata, hora te maha o hoia i roto i te ope Russian i 75 ki te 110 mano iwi. Ahakoa he strelets ope e pā ana ki 12,000 hoia, i kore katoa i kaha ki te whai wāhi i roto i te hīkoi roa pakanga ranei. Otiia, i te taahiraa taketake ki te hanganga i roto i Russia o te momo hou o te ope kua riro.

Strelets hōia Pita

Ko te ope auau o Pita, whakaritea i runga i te tauira Tiamana, ko tino whai hua atu. mahi Military mō te aufauraa i utu. I roto i tenei take, mo te hanahana o te mahi i hiahiatia. Hoki te iwi noa whakaaturia māperetanga.

I roto i te Streltsi fakakoloa'i hoia ope taua mo ratou mahi rota. Te nuinga o ratou e noho ana ki o ratou hapu i roto i te Takiwa Musketeers i roto i te whakataunga motuhake. Na reira, ko e taea ki te kawe i ngā mahi hōia i roto i rui kotinga ranei: kihai kaikopere.

E Ivanom Groznym strelets ope me whata Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich "tikanga hou" kėia he wāhanga nui i roto i te aamu o te ope auau. Ko rite te roa rite kua coexisted enei hōia i roto i te whakarara, e kore e taea e ratou he ope kotahi. kihai i tonu nga Warriors i te hōia. Ano, ara nga whata o te "tikanga hou" i muri i te mutunga o nga whawhai ki te tareka, a ka kimi, kei te tino karanga hoki peasants te ioka.

mutunga pouri

I muri i te pakanga Azov i whakaaro te Hiha Pita ahau e te ope riro ia, he mea tino kore e tika mo te hōia, me te tōrangapū whāinga matatini e whakatakotoria reira iho. Na reira, ko te wāhanga tino nui o te ripeneta o taua wa he faaapîraa tuwhena o te hanganga hōia katoa i roto i te āhua. A i runga katoa, ko reira te hanga o te ope auau, i hāngai i runga i te pūnaha kimi me he tino rerekē i te parau tumu o te hanganga o ngā hōia Strelets.

Otiia, whariki Pishalnikov Basil III me kaikopere Ivan IV haere tika tonu ki Tuhinga kingi nga hoia ' Mikhail Fedorovich me Alexei Mikhailovich. Na kua ki runga ki a ratou - hāngai ki fuzeleram o Pita.

i muri tonu i te tutu i roto i 1699 a Pita i te nui whakahau ki titaria strelets ope, ka mahue etahi o reira ki te mahi i runga i nga waho o Russia.