Kōtuitanga pūmua

Pūmua i huaina nitrogenous macromolecular matū organic. E hanga ana ratou i waikawa amino. Pūmua mahi mahi taketake i roto i te hanganga me te mahi faufaa o rauropi, rite ratou wāhanga matua, me te tika. Nā ki enei pūhui matū waro ko te pākia, te faafariuraa pūngao.

Nā ki te rahi āhua nui o te rāpoi ngota, e kore e te matatini o te hanganga, me te te kore o ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te hanganga hanganga o te nuinga o nga matū whakapumautia he whakarōpū kotahi kouma o pūmua. Ko te nuinga o te noho i te pūnaha wehenga reira. A, no te te hāngai tona hanganga i runga i te āhuatanga ōkiko me te matū o pūmua, ratou puna, mahi koiora, me te tahi atu, maha matapōkere, tohu.

Ko te kupu, taratahi (wairewa) rauemi flare me kaiota, hydrophobic (rewakore) me hydrophilic. hāngai ana tēnei wehenga i runga i te āhuatanga physico-matū o te pūhui. Tei runga i te pūtake o te pūmua taratahi o te io kikokiko, serum, uaua, me ētahi atu. He hoki kitakita, kararehe, me te huawhenua pūhui. I roto i runga ki te mahi koiora o taratahi pūmua -hormones, whākōkī, pūmua, contractile me pūmua hanganga, paturopi, me ētahi atu. Me kï reira e reira e te tahi mau pūhui e kore e taea te pēnei ki tetahi o nga rōpū i runga ake. Ko tenei e tika ana ki te huru tia ore o te pūnaha o te whakarōpū me te ki te kanorau tino o te pūmua ratou.

E wehea pūhui i roto i te matatini (proteid) me ohie (pūmua). pūmua Simple He anake nga waerau waikawa amino. pūhui matatini, i roto i te tua ki te amino toenga waikawa, ka i roto i pūmua-kore whakahohenga.

I roto i ia pūtau i reira he mano o organic pūhui rāpoi tiketike. Nā ki te meka e i roto i te ora o te tinana, e ngaro maoro, enei matū, me kawe te pūtau i roto i ariā tonu o te pūmua ki hanga o ratou organelles, kiriuhi me ētahi atu wāhanga. Me ki tenei maha nui o ngā pūtau whakarato mo te hanganga o ngā pūhui matū waro o te tinana katoa. I roto i tenei "hanga" e rave, hei tauira, ngā pūtau i roto i te repe endocrine e hua hormones. Hea te kōtuitanga pūmua kua te kaha nui.

pūhui waihanga titau utu pūngao nui. Pūtake whakarato kore kōtuitanga pūmua anake, engari ano hoki tukanga pūtau katoa ko te ATP.

Me kï reira e te momo o ngā mahi, me ngā whāinga o te pūhui i hanga i runga i to ratou hanganga tuatahi - te raupapa o te waikawa amino i te rāpoi ngota. raraunga tuku i runga i te hanganga pūmua tuatahi kopakia ana i roto i te rāpoi ngota pītauira nucleotide mekameka. E wahi deoxyribonucleic waikawa, e kei te mōhiohio e pā ana ki te raupapa waikawa amino o te pūhui i huaina he ira.

kōtuitanga pūmua e wahi i runga i te ribosomes i te cytoplasm o te pūtau. Ko te cytoplasm i te mōhiohio karihi i runga i te hanganga o te pūhui ko i te puka o mRNA (tuipūmua karere). Hoki te ariā o ngā rāpoi ngota, me te RNA puta "taui" (despiralization) DNA rohe. e te tukanga muri wahi i runga i te parau tumu o te kïnakitanga. Mā te whākōkī ki te mekameka DNA ko rāpoi RNA synthesized.

kia roto i te cytoplasm te huinga motuhake o ngā waikawa amino. Kei te hiahiatia te reira mo te kōtuitanga pūmua. Hanganga o enei waikawa amino he tika ki te wāhinga o ngā pūhui matū waro kai. I tua atu, e taea te tiki i te waikawa amino i runga i te wāhanga ariā tika (te ribosome), ka piri ki te tuipūmua whakawhiti ngā (tRNA).