Pita Mstislavets: ora o te ma'imi nui

whakaaro Ivan Fedorov te ki hei te kaiwhakarewa o te knigopechati Russian. Heoi, e mohio ana e kore e maha iwi i ko ia he kaiāwhina mateaki Pita Mstislavets. Ano, ko reira i roto i ta'na mau tautooraa e i taea ki te whakaoti i tona mahi i runga i te press tā hou te rangatira nui.

Na reira, ko te reira tika ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te hunga i te taua Pita Mstislavets? He aha te ahunga whakamua i taea ki te whakatutuki i ia? Na te aha ngā mōhiohio hītori ora e pā ana ki reira?

Ko te whanau o te poto nui

He uaua ki te mea ki te mea no ki te whenua o Pita Mstislavets. Ko te haurongo o tenei tangata mo te maha o ngā take hei painga ka ora taua. anake tatou e mohio i whanau ia i roto i te timatanga o te rau tau XVI i te takiwā o Mstislav. I teie mahana, Kei te pa kei runga i te rohe o Peraruhia, a i roto i nga ra tawhito i reira he Duchy Grand o Lithuania.

Ki te whakapono koe nga meatanga, ka te kaiako o Pita te taitamariki ia Francis Skorina. Ko he kaiputaiao pai-mohiotia me philosopho, e riro te kaituhi o maha pepa pūtaiao. Ahakoa tenei ra, mahara maha Belarusians ia rite he poto nui tawhiti i mua o tona wa. Ko reira whakaako te ariki tona pia te toi o te tā, e puta ke tona whakarau ake.

farereiraa

Kōrero e kore e taea tonu whakaae i roto i Mstislavets whakaaro aha Pita haere ki te ora i roto i Moscow. Otiia ko reira konei e ka mohio ia ki a Ivanom Fedorovym - mohiotia diakono Moscow me knigopistsem. I taua wa, kua a Fedorov te whare tāngia, engari ko ia i roto i te hiahia akiaki o te ao hōu.

whakaae a Pita ki te āwhina i te hoa hou, pera i tenei mahi tona matua. Na reira, i te timatanga o 1563 ka anga ratou ki te whakawhanake i tētahi tikanga tā hou. roa tenei tukanga mo te tau, engari kei te tino utua ai mo te kaha katoa.

Tā Moscow Tuatahi

Ko ratou mahi tuatahi he pukapuka Siu "Te Aposetolo", i whakaputaina Maehe 1, 1564. Ko reira he tārua o te pukapuka fakalaumālie rongonui i whakamahia i roto i aua ra mo te whakangungu o tohunga. Ko tino kitea tenei kōwhiringa, mai i pono whakapono a Pita me Ivan Fedorov Mstislavets.

I roto i te 1565, kia te ariki i tetahi atu pukapuka Siu huaina "Breviary." Ratou whakaputanga i runga i nga rohe vitivitiraa i te rahi, e nui riri nga pukapuka tatau rohe. Momotuhi New whakawehi ratou "pakihi", a faaoti ratou ki te pehea o e-hei kaituhi.

Care o Moscow me te turanga o tona ake tipu tā

whakawakia mana i utua Fyodorov ko Mstislavets titorehanga me mysticism, i te mea he aha i ratou ki te waiho tona kainga tupu. Ko te painga o nga kaitito i whakaaetia koa te hetman Lithuanian GA Hadkevich. Here kaimahi hanga he press tā hou, me te ara ka whakaputaina he pukapuka tahi i huaina "te evanelia Makiri" (Tau - 1569).

Aue, he puku hītori, aha haere te ara o hoa tawhito. Heoi, kua mohiotia ai e mahue Pita Mstislavets ia te press tā i roto i Zabludovo ka oho ki mua. Me kï reira e kore i ururua Pita wa i roto i tona ake taupuni noa, me te hohoro whakatuwheratia. Awhinatia ia i roto i nga teina Ivan ko Zinovy Zaretsky me kaihokohoko Kuzma ko Luka Mamoniches.

Fakataha, whakaputaina ratou e toru ngā pukapuka: "Ko e Ongoongoleleí" (1575), "Psalms" (1576), me te "Breviary" (e pā ana ki 1576). Kua Pukapuka tuhituhia he matapatopato hou hangaia e Pita Mstislavets. E te ara, i roto i te heke mai, ka riro te reira i te tauira mo te hanga o maha momotuhi whaiwhakapono, me te whakakororia ia i roto i te orometua.

Whakamutunga o te kōrero

He pouri te reira, engari ko te aroha o te haumi hou kihai i muri roa nui. I roto i te Maehe 1576 i tū te tamataraa, i whakaaro te tika ki te ake press tā. ka mau Mamoniches whakatau teina o te whakawa i nga pukapuka tāngia katoa, a ka mahue a Pita Mstislavets me te taputapu tika ki ngā momotuhi. I muri i te raruraru, kua ngaro ngā tohu o te rangatira nui i roto i te hītori.

Otiia ara tenei ra i reira ko te hunga e mahara, ko wai a Pita Mstislavets. maha puta Whakaahua o ana pukapuka i roto i te taitara o te pae tukutuku o te Puna Mātauranga o Peraruhia, rite kei reira i roto i te puritia reira he torutoru kape o ana mahi. A whakawhetai ki a ratou te kororia o te pukapuka ariki whiti rite ngingila rite i roto i te ra tawhito, hoatu faaururaa ki he kaitito taitamariki.