Pūnaha pāpori

Katoa ari pāpori me ngā tukanga i te hanganga ā-āhuatanga. Ko te pūnaha tino matatini pāpori - te hapori, me te tūranga o ona huānga ko te iwi. E mangai o ratou mahi pāpori i te mau huru takitahi, nohoia e te mana pāpori, whakamana nga mahi e uara pāpori me tāuta te pūnaha.

māngai te pūnaha pāpori kei roto i te āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

- he plurality o takitahi, fakahā atu te pāhekoheko tahi o nei e huru noa (kainga, pa, rōpū mahi, te utuafare, a pera atu.);

- hapori pāpori;

- te raupapatanga o ngā mahi mana me te pāpori,

- whakahaere pāpori;

- he huinga o ngā uara me tikanga,

- ahurea.

'Oku fekau'aki vāofi'a āhuatanga katoa. Na reira, ka taea e tatou te mea e te pūnaha pāpori - ko te kotahitanga organic o te āhuatanga e toru: ahurea, pāpori, hapori me ngā rōpū pāpori.

tango nga tukanga pāpori hapori pāpori whakawhetai wahi ki tona pūtake - he kohinga o iwi ki nga tikanga o to ratou ora (ngākau nuitanga, ngā hiahia, mātauranga, me ētahi atu). Mahi i te reira me whakawhanake te hapori pāpori i runga i te pāhekoheko o te takitahi me te whanaunga pāpori.

kōrero pāpori, i roto i te tahuri, ua faaite te mahi hototahi o huānga ngā ranei. He te tohaina e rua ngā momo o ngā hononga: ira (take hanganga) me ōkawa (e pā ana rererangi matauranga anake).

Kei te nuinga o te wā i matau here Social rite te huinga o ngā āhuatanga e whakatau nga mahi tahi o te mau taata i roto i te motuhake, hapori raima ki te whakatutuki i etahi whāinga. Ko te nuinga o taua here tamau me e 'ulungaanga whaiaro e motuhake. Tenei hono i waenganui i te takitahi me te mea kei te tupu a tawhio noa ratou, tukanga me ngā tītohunga. Ēnei hononga arahi ki whanaunga pāpori hou. Mai i hanga pūnaha pāpori te, kei te tata hono te ariā o nei ki te ariā o "hanganga pāpori". hanganga pāpori tuwhatuwhaia hapori ki pera-ka karanga paparanga (i roto i te tūnga, kia rite ki te tikanga o te whakanao). Ko te āhuatanga matua i roto i reira - hapori pāpori, akomanga, rōpū (pāpori-rohe, pāpori-taupori , matawaka, ngaio).

te maua e pūnaha pāpori te moni o tukanga pāpori katoa me tītohunga, noho i roto i here me ngā hononga ki ia atu, me te hanga i te ahanoa noa o te kaupapa here pāpori. Elements o te pūnaha hanga tukanga motuhake me ari. he hanganga pāpori i roto i te rohe o ari pāpori o te pūnaha, tūhono e rua ngā wāhanga: te hanganga pāpori o te here pāpori.

He whāinga nui o te kaupapa here tūmatanui ko ki te hanga i te pūnaha haumaru tūmatanui, te ngako o e ngā i roto i te pūtea āwhina etahi kāwai o te hapori, i roto i te tohanga o moni pūtea te whakamahi o ranei moni kore-pūtea.

Ko te pūnaha haumaru pāpori (SB) whanau i roto i nga thirties o te rau tau whakamutunga. puta te whakahua tuatahi o reira i roto i te United States, kōkiri he "ngāue
Social Security "i roto i te 1935.

Ko te tika ki CO, whai i te Ture o te Russian Federation, kua whakaaturia i roto i te puka o te matatini o mehua-ture me hinonga e pā ana. kawea Tiaki o nga tangata rawakore, me te monokia te atu i roto i te rua ahunga:

- āwhina pāpori;

- haumarutanga pāpori.

E CO ngā penihana, painga, hauā akoranga ngaio me ratou mahi atu, tiaki hauora me te whakanohonoho o nga tangata hauā, me ētahi atu takoto te pakiaka i roto i te whai huatanga o te huarahi pūtea whakaaro. moni Insurance kohia i roto i te takoha, ko te puna o utu haumaru pāpori. I tua atu, mā te whakamahi i te pūtea ngä.

Ko te mahi o nga ratonga pāpori e tika ana ki te whakarato i te iwi i roto i te hiahia puka katoa o ngā ratonga pāpori.