Romanov whare. Koti o ringa o nga Romanovs (B. V. Kene)

Ko te kingi o nga Romanovs - te Moscow whānau boyar tawhito. Andrei Ivanovich mare - te tuku tuatahi ki te tupuna o te heke mai o te whare kingi. noho ia i roto i te rau tau XIV, a mahi rite te Grand Duke Vladimir ko Moscow Himiona te whakakake, te tama matamua Ivana Kality. Andrei Mare, tahi ki Alexei Bosovolkovym, mahi rite takawaenga i roto i te mutunga o te faaipoiporaa i rotopu i te rangatira o Moscow ko Mariey Aleksandrovnoy, tamahine o te rangatira o Tver. Ko angitu te karere.

Mō uwha Andrew i roto i te meatanga o kore whakahuatia, engari kua mohiotia taua mea e tonu ana uri ki te mahi i te rangatira Moscow. ka ana tama nga tupuna o ngā ingoa rongonui, engari na Fyodor Cats a ka mau Romanov tsars. riro te ingoa ano i i praprapravnuka Andrei Merehe - Romana Yurevicha Zaharina, nunui rawa rongonui me kaiwhakawa. Tana tamahine, Anastasia Romanovna, te wahine tuatahi, me te tino aroha o Ivan IV te Terrible.

Whānuitia mohiotia meka e pehi tonu Anastasia tona hinaaro atawhai, me te ngawari tana tahu. E memeha mate ia i tīpakohia koa, me te hë matakana o te kingi o nga boyars. Irāmutu Jurevny Anastasia ko Fedor Nikitich Romanov, he nui i roto i te aamu Russian tuakiri. Ko ia te tangata e ka mau te wahi kaha i roto i tōrangapū i roto i te Time o akina, i panaia tonsured ia he moke Borisom Godunovym.

A, no te te timatanga o te kingitanga o nga Romanovs? Pehea i reira? Kia pehea te nui muri? Katoa enei pātai e kitea e koe mau pahonoraa i roto i te tuhinga.

Ko te pōtitanga o Mikhail Romanov ki te torona

Wā i roto i te aamu, ka, ko te uaua, me te toto te kingitanga o nga Romanovs. I roto i Russia i te mutunga o XVI nana whakangaro, haaparuparu Smoot. Ko te tama Ivana Groznogo, mate urikore Fyodor, patua tona teina Dmitri i roto i Uglich, tetahi Ivan Ivanovich, i mate ia i roto i te ora o tona papa. Tapahia poto te whare Rurik, i reira ko tetahi fifi dynastic. Next ko te huringa auau o te kāwanatanga, mahi Godunov ko Shuisky kihai i taea e mau i te torona. Ko ia tapao e kāore te iwi o nga kingi hou, e kore anake te mea o ratou kaupapa here rahua reira, engari no te mea i pōtitia Godunov me Shuisky kore rangatira e whiwhi i te torona.

Ko te hunga i nga pānga o te wehi i runga i te Zemsky Sobor i 1613, i puta mai kotahi ano ki te mua te pātai o te arikitanga. I matou ki te whiriwhiri i te tangata e kore nei e tikokitanga tona ake ingoa i roto i nga aue. Ko reira utu ki te utu takoha ki te Cossacks, e te whakatangihanga a te arataki i roto i te pōtitanga o Mikhail Romanov. E kore noa e, i ratou painga i tau, noho e pirau nga mua. Prince Troubetzkoy, e hiahia ana ki te tiki i te torona, e kore e oti te, whakataka atu ana hoa ki te kitea te tautoko i roto i te mua. Ratou, i roto i te tahuri, kihai i paopao ki nga mea homai, engari e kore e iu ki te rangatira.

Ano he arataki i roto i te kōwhiringa o Mikhail Fedorovich takaro kahore faahua ki te torona i roto i Moscow, rite reira i taea arahi ki te ati, a ki te whakapōrearea i te Zemsky Sobor. whakaae Boyars Romanov te kaitono, no te ratou whakapono e he taitamariki ia (i te wa i 16 tau te tamaiti), me te ka hei te "kingi o pute", he karetao i roto i o ratou ringa. No ka takoto te ki te ui i te poari ki te tango Mikhail Fedorovich, mahara e pā ana ki tona hononga ki te whare Rurik, rite tona papa , Patereareha Filaret ko te whanaunga o Tsar Fedor Ivanovich.

Ko te kōrero o te takenga o te whare

He aha ko te tohu o te whānau Romanov? I mua i te kōrero e tatou e pā ana ki reira, kia ako a te kōrero o te takenga o te whare.

I te timatanga o te putanga XVI rau o te taenga o nga Vikings ki Russia, whakaturia atu i roto i te "Tale o pahemo Tau", Kei te kore reira faahitihia me he i roto i kahore ara whakakaha te mana ao o Russia. I te wa ano, i reira ko te ariā o "Moscow - te Tuatoru Roma", ki te whakakaha tūranga te whenua o rite te pokapū o 'Ofotokisií. I matou ki te haere mai ki te kōrero o te tuatapaparaa tupuna o te whare te faatere ake. mohiotia whānuitia hoki te Roma Hiha Akuhata. E ai ki te kōrero, ka tonoa tona whanaunga, Prus, ki Europe mo te whanaketanga o te whenua, me te whakatūnga o te kāwanatanga. Na ka e ia te kingi o Prussia, a ka kotahi nohoia reira e Silaví.

Uri anga Prus ki te whakawhānui i tona rohe i roto i te rawhiti, i te kupu kua noho me whenua Russian. Heoi i reira ko te whare Rurik. Ko e hāngai ana tenei kōrero kua ki te Romanovs? Tino ohie. I roto i te 1722 a Pita faaoti ano ahau ki te whakaaetia te whaitake o ratou kaha e "haamaitairaa" o tuatapaparaa tupuna. whakaakona Emperor ki te whakawhanake i tenei putanga o Kingi o Arms Stepan Andreyevich Kolycheva. Na kua riro te reira e i te wa o te Patireia o Roma (373 305 ranei nga tau), haere Kingi o Prussia Prouty ki te kainga o te kingitanga ki tona teina Veydevutu, a haere ana ia ki te pa tiketike Romanov, te wahi i kororia ia rite te tohunga nui. Kei te whakataunga i runga i nga tahatika o Dubissy me Nevyazhi wahi patu tona oki rahi tupu. I mua i tona mate, te rangatiratanga Veydevut wehea ki te maha nga wahi.

Ko tētahi o ana tama, ka timata Nedron, ki kingi i roto i nga whenua zhmudskih (te rohe o Lithuania hou). Senekele i muri a'e, i roto i te rau tau XIII, he uri Nedrona, repe CAMBIO, ka haere mai ki a Russia, te wahi mahi ia rite te Prince tuatahi o Moscow, Daniilu Aleksandrovichu. I reira ka ia he Karaitiana, a ko tona ingoa tuatahi te īngoa - uwha. Noatia, e kore e enei putanga mooni, he maha ngana o hītori ki te whakarite i to ratou tūturutanga i horihori. Otiia, he tokomaha o nga rangatira o te whare Romanov i nui pono, korero e pā ana ki te tino nui o ka e kia kōrero i raro nei.

kingitanga Mihaila Fedorovicha Romanova

Mikhail Fedorovich i kingi ai 1613 ki te 1645. i mahi ia i te mahi tino uaua - ki te ū te āhuatanga i roto i te whenua, pahuatia i muri i te aue. Kāti tautohetohe i runga i nga rangatira. "Vorenok Ivashka" tama a teka Dmitry II, ko wai i taea te tango i painga o te rironga o te ariki hou te wenewene, i mahi i. kai Pūmau tinihanga ki te torona Russian. Tuatahi o te katoa, ko te angitu te kaupapa here ke o Michael. I roto i te 1617 mutu Stolbovsky te rongo ki a Sweden, i hoki mai ki Novgorod i ai Russia. I roto i te 1618 hainatia te whakaaetanga i Deulino ki Poland, e ka arahi ki te āhuatanga i roto e tika ana ki te ngaro o te ati i te waho. Heoi, i roto i te Smolensk Pakanga i patua (1632-1634) Russia.

Alexis

I roto i te kingitanga o Alexei Mikhailovich, i reira kua maha ngā nui, ko te kingi he i roto i te taumarumarunga iho o tona tama, Pita e ahau te nui. Ahakoa i tapaina a te Alexis te quietest, te tau o tona kingitanga i huaina "buntashnym". I tenei wā wa (1645-1676) hinga e rave rahi riri rongonui nui: Salt Riot (1648), Parahi Riot (1662) me te whawhai kaiahuwhenua arahina e Stepan Razin (1670-1671). Nā ki te ngā o te waehere tuatahi o ture i tangohia - Conciliar te Code (1649), kia rite ki nei rēhita ture serfdom. Famous mo te whakahou o Patereareha Nikon, e hiahia ana ki te houhanga rongo tikanga karakia me ngā pukapuka ki nga taketake Kariki. Ahakoa i iti mehua whakahou (huinga pūtahitanga troeperstiem, tuhi te ingoa o Ihu, a na i runga i. D.) ratou meinga hoki te rota o te riri i roto i te iwi.

Pita ahau A.

Te tangata e matau te kingi Russian tuatahi, he reforomatio nui, me te rangatira pūmanawa - Pita ahau Alekseevich. Ko te kaupae motuhake tuatahi ka kaupapa Azov kingi, whakawhetai ki nei riro Russia uru ki te moana o Azov me te Embassy nui, ka mau i roto i nei a Pita ia ia i te wahi kaha. Kua tangohia Russia maha tikanga Pākehā, ka hanga e te Alliance Northern mo te whawhai ki a Sweden. I roto i te Northern War nui (1700-1721) riro Russia uru ki te Moana Baltic me kua riro te mana o te kingitanga. He maha ngā panoni whai wāhi a Pita ki te whanaketanga tere o te moni i roto i te whenua, te mātauranga, te ahurea, te pūtaiao, me pera i runga i. D.

Catherine II Alexeyevna

Pita riro ahau he tikanga o te riiwhi, rite ki nei e whakaturia ana te ariki he mono, engari kihai te kingi i whai wa ki te tuku o roto i tenei whakaaro, i arahina ki te tukipoto i te whare roa i roto i nei kaitono mo te torona, falala ki te Guard, ka mau te mana. Te nuinga o ratou i taea ki te eke, engari e kore e he pono o Ekaterina II tenei, i kino wahine o te iwi Russian Pita III, tama o Pita I. me ngā kaupapa here ā-waho hoki o Catherine taea te whakaahuatia rite angitu. Ia whenua hahi fakaemāmaní (1764), whakakahoretia te hetman i roto i Ukraine (1764), kawea atu te whakahou o te kaumatua (1763), porowini (1775), pa (1785). Te nuinga te hua o te kaupapa here ke i ki te whiwhi te uru ki te Moana Black me te rironga o te kūrae Crimean.

Alexander ahau Pavlovich

Alexander ahau - he ahua kaua tautohetia i roto i te hītori Russian. Ko te fafau mai te timatanga o tona kingitanga - Komiti Private, i ngā emepera āwhiwhiwhi tukuna he tikanga i runga i whakawātea tōrangapū (1801), te huringa o te papa o te Tāhuhu (1802), i runga i te cultivators free (1803). I roto i te 1812, riro Russia he nui te whakaoranga i roto i te whawhai, i whakakaha nga mana te mana ao. Otiia i roto i te hawhe tuarua o te kingitanga o Alexander kua puta ke te huru momo ohaoha, ka ko e tetahi o nga take o te whakatikanga ake o te Decembrists i 1825.

Alexander II Nikolaevich

ka karanga a Liberator Alexander II hoki kawea atu hanganga nui i roto i te 1861, - te whakakāhoretanga o te serfdom. Ko e taimi ia i hanga Alexander II o te koti Romanov hapu o ringa, ka e kia kōrero i raro nei. Na roto i te wa o tona kingitanga, whakatinana maha huringa i: te marae (1864), he takiwa (1864), pa (1870), te hōia (1861-1874), me te tahi atu whakahounga. Otiia, ko te hiko nui, i patua i roto i 1881 narodovolnikom A. I. Zhelyabovym.

Romanov Mutunga

I te kingitanga Nicholas II o i reira he wā pakeke. whakaheke te rota o te toto i roto i te ati i roto i Khodynka Field (1894), i roto i te Russian-Japanese War (1904-1905), i roto i te Revolution (1905-1907), World War ahau (1914-1918) me te i roto i te Hui-tanguru Revolution (1917). Heoi, i roto i te rangatiratanga o Nicholas i reira ko tetahi hua nui i roto i te taupori, ko roto te raro i roto i Europa takoha, i roto i nga ringa o kaimahi ko e pā ana ki 80% o te whenua parahua. Kia aroha mai, te kore o te ringa maro te kore Ariki i roto i te kaupapa here ke, me te mana kaha o nga tuakana Grigory Rasputin arahina ki te hurihanga o te Emepara i Maehe 1917, a koperea ana e ia ki toku utuafare i muri raumati. Ko kua mutu te whare Romanov whakamutunga ki te tīariari.

Ko te kaiwhakarewa o te Russian Archaeological Society

Berngard Vasilevich Kene - heraldist nui te Russian Empire, te kaiwhakarewa o te Russian Archaeological Society. I tona kaupapa, i tū gerbotvorchestva tono i roto i Russia. I roto i te 1857, whakatūria Baron Koehne ture tapa'o whakarākai. Bernhard i te rua o nga kaihanga o te Big tohu o te Russian Empire me te tihi hapu o te whare Romanov.

Koti o ringa o nga Romanovs: te hītori

Mai i haere mai ki te kaha i roto i 1613 whakamahia nga rangatira katoa o te whare Romanov te tohu motu, e whakaatu he ekara-ahu rua. Ko te 60-s o te rau tau XIX, hiahia Alexander II ki te waihanga i tētahi tohu whaiaro. Kia pehea te ko te koti o ringa o te whare Romanov te utuafare? Hoki tona pūtake ko te tohu o te boyars Romanov. Ko reira te mea ano hoki he tohu o Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov, rite te peka tane tika o te whare tapahia poto i roto i 1730 ki te mate o te tama a Pita ahau, Pita II, me nga wahine - i roto i 1761 ki te mate o tona tamahine Elizabeth. Ko te māngai tuatahi o te whare o Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov ko Pita III. Tona whaea, Anna, ko te tamahine a Petra Velikogo, ko tona papa, Karl Friedrich, ko te Tiuka o Holstein-Gottorp. Pita, te āhua, kihai i whai wa ki te whakatau i te ingoa ture o te whare, ko tana wahine, Catherine II, i kore kukume nui aro take pahekeheke, no te mea tuatahi i tino wiriwiri tona tūranga i runga i te torona.

Tohu tohu-Holstein Gottorp-Romanov

He aha e te koti o ringa o nga Romanovs? He kitea te uara: ko reira te kaha, me te mana.

I wehea te whakangungu rakau ki e rua nga wahi. koti Matau o ringa o nga Romanovs. whakaatu te reira i te kaki whero, e pupuri ana i roto i te hoari, me te whakangungu rakau ona maikuku. Ko te taipitopito tino nui - te ekara iti mangu e noho ana i runga i te poari. Ko te mata o te koti o ringa whakapaipai ki upoko raiona '. Kei te whakapono te reira e kua tono te tohu o nga Romanovs e ratou i te tohu o Livonia, rite te Griffin - he ahua tika noa i roto i te Heraldry Pākehā. Kei koti o ringa o Schleswig-Holstein te i runga i te maui, me te wehea ki rima nga wahi, motu ke i te whakangungu rakau iti i roto i te pokapū. I runga i te mata, ka taea e kite koe i te koti o ringa o Schleswig, Holstein koti o ringa, o ringa stormarnsky koti, koti ditmarsensky. Kei te wehea hoki te whakangungu rakau i roto kia rua nga wahi: Oldenburg me tapa'o delmengorstsky.

Whare o te Romanov Boyars

Whare o Romanov i Charge - te whare anake kua ora e i te whenua nui o te Romanovs. Īhaka, i hanga ai i roto i te rau tau mutunga XVI. I roto i te rau tau XIX, whakaaturia Alexander II e riro te Whare he noa ki te haere ki te whare taonga. Ko nui hoki te meka i ona taiepa, ko te ahua Griffin o te huru matua o te whānau Romanov hoki Whare o Romanov.