Te hoê aamu poto o te batik rite te toi

He tonu te tangata, i te wā tuatahi o tona oraraa, rapua ki te whakapaia te ao huri noa ratou. I roto i te akoranga haere katoa e taea e to tatou he iti moka ki te huri i mea, te āhuatanga e karapoti ana i te reira. стория батика рассказывает как раз об этом. A parau Kōrero batik tika e pā ana ki reira.

Batik - tauira i runga i te papanga

haere tonu te iwi peita papanga kotahi ako ki te whatua e papanga piri ranei. O te akoranga, batik - ko te toi, e kore te tikanga utilitarian ki etahi te ara o te ora, a taea e te mea rawa kikokore, te wahine whakatarapi, tono pūkenga nui o te kaimahi e mahi ana i roto i tenei hangarau whakaongaonga.

āhuatanga Hangarau o batik

Ahakoa nama i roto i te hangarau, rauemi, he hāngai, me te i roto i te tono tonu toi ā-ringa o te batik. Kei te whakamahia te reira i rite te puka toi motuhake, me te rite te tikanga o te whakapaipai tūemi pueru - kakahu, pohewa, pihi, scenes tapere. Ko te kupu "batik" ahu te i te tawhito Indian "taka o te ware pi." Na i whakamahia tuatahi tenei ware pi hei pūtake mo ki papanga tae kanohi whakaputa tauira, me whakapaipai. A whakamahia tenei mea, me te tonu i roto i te tikanga o te batik wera. Ko te tino taua kiko hangarau poke i roto i te toi o te batik he maha ngā ūnga e faaite kotahi parau tumu - hapanga, e ko, ki te tiaki o ngā wāhanga takitahi o peita i roto i te raupapa tiaki ratou tae ki runga ki poke atu. kawea ana tēnei parau tumu i roto i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē, i runga i te tikanga o te batik rānei.

I tua atu ki te taha ki hangarau, he batik ona āhuatanga toi, no te mea he reira ahurei - te huinga o maha ngā momo o te toi pai. Here e taea e kitea e koe ngā āhuatanga o whakairoiro, peita, pastels, ara ōpure me mosaic. Ko ahurei i roto i taua te reira tino ngāwari ki te rangatira i te toi o te batik. Tenei ahua o hounga'ia toi, mai i tetahi mahi i roto i tenei tikanga ko te tauira ahurei, e taea te whakarerekē, ki te tika, tikanga whakarakai atu tae noa ki te ngira applique ranei.

Tonga Asia - te wāhi o te batik

Ka rite ki te mea hītori, i whanau i te toi o te mahi tae (batik) i roto i Indonesia. "Anbatik" i roto i te mita o te rohe tikanga "utu". Kua i roto i aua wa wahine kua rapu ki te whakapaipai kakahu. Tenei, o te akoranga, te whai ratou whāinga - ki te haapapu i te no ki te ngā puninga tae motuhake me ngā tauira. Ahakoa i torutoru waikano, engari te toi o te batik taea ki a koe te hanga taemaha peita mātotoru.

приобрел оттенки охры и цвет индиго - песчаные полутона от густой тени до цвета слоновой кости разбавлялись ярко-синими пятнами высокого неба. I roto i Indonesia, kua riro batik atarangi o kōkōwai me te poropango - halftones one i te atarangi o tangotango ki te rei diluted rangi puru wahi kanapa tiketike. Ia āta tiakina puninga ngaro te whakarite rongoā waikano, tikanga o te tono te mangumangu, me te tauira batik. taea hoki tae kakahu tauira korero rite ki te mea puninga no ki tenei e tangata ranei. Whika ispolzvat rerekē - waitara, whakaaro whakairoiro, kōrero paki. Tata te nuinga i mahi ki te waihanga i pikitia mo te whakapaipai o hahi.

Indonesia ko India, te wahi kua oho pai te toi o te batik me kua huaina "bandhana" Whakamahia he kakahu miro. āta vybelivalis Vytkanye ā kikokiko, maroke ki te feruri rite mārama haere ratou rite taea, me te ngawari. timata tuku iho Unique o iwi tawhito o Indonesia ko Inia ki te miro papanga, kua oti te tikanga batik. He ona pakiaka i roto i te āhua tonga tahito te hītori o tenei puka toi.

Ngā kōrero o China ko Japan

I roto i te ao tuati-katoa te. i Art matatini ara i roto i whenua rerekē, i iwi ki tetahi iwi, te ngongo te tahi mea hou, ahurei, me te whakawhitihia te hopu atu, me te ake. . tupu tenei ki te tikanga o batik, te hītori o te whanaketanga me te e whakaatu e kua haere te reira i te uaua, ara whakamiharo. Ia āta kitea ia i roto i te hanga tono, a ka te toi pai rawa o Haina me Hapani. Kua aroaro China batik hiraka tūturu. Mai i tenei wāhi o te kiko poke riro te otinga maere o ngā tae, ko pai, ara pepe me semitones, pera kikokore he ngohengohe ki rangatira o te Te Tai Rāwhiti te mahi ranei. I runga i te ataahua o nga wahine Japanese kimono i rongonui, engari torutoru o tatou e matau me pehea ki te tiki i te taua papanga ataahua.

kawea nga Japanese ki te toi o papanga tae, hiraka i roto i ngā, i te tikanga motuhake i huaina batik whakamuri, ka poke te papanga kei a ka vybelivalas i te wāhi e hiahiatia ana mā te whakamahi i alkali. Ko te toi o te batik wera, ka awhina ngā wāhanga o te kikokiko i roto i te tukanga tae te whakamahi i rangatira te waki i whakaaetia Japan me Haina hanga tenei tikanga te tiketike o te tino o te toi o te peita i runga i te papanga. tohu Oriental, kanapa, kukū tae ranei tae te marama poluottenki whakamoemititia tangata e ahei te kite ia ratou.

Industrial Europe me batik

Ka rite ki batik o Te Tai Rāwhiti Ahia, a ka tae ki a Europe? Ki te awhina o tira Tatimana ki te whakatū i hokohoko whanaunga ki whenua Āhia Tonga. A, no te ko nga Tatimana te wā tuatahi i roto i Indonesia, i miharo ratou e te ataahua me te mana āhua ake o te whakapaipai pueru o te mau hiero rohe. tauira rerekē i runga i te miro ohie kaihokohoko hiahia. A kawea ana e ratou batik technique i roto i te Netherlands, te wahi ako te katoa o Europe ki tae miro me te hiraka i roto i te taua tūāhua ngā, me te rerekē. Otiia iti iho i te rau tau, kia rite ki te mea maere, engari anga toi wā-kai ki te hoatu ara whakaaro i roto i Ingarangi ramming technique. Machines, taputapu mīhini, hohoro takatakahia ki runga ki papa reo totoro tuhi, papanga i roto i tino purepure, me te cheap ki e pā ana ki batik mahara anake e te hunga e mauruuru te individuality o tenei ahua o te toi, me i taea utu ki te utu ariki. чуть было не закончилась, если бы не кустари-одиночки, сохранившие верность уникальному виду украшения полотен. Na ko tata i runga i te hītori o te batik, ki te kahore hoki te kaimahi ana'e nei noho pono ki te momo ahurei o peita whakapaipai.

batik Russian

History o batik i Russia i ara tino uaua, e tika ana ki te āhua kati o te USSR i te nuinga o te whenua ao. Na reira ko te toi i roto i Russia anake i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20, ka haere mai te ahua i roto i te kāhua Onaianei - pohewa peitatia ataahua, hooro i roto i te mana'o turai rawhiti, tapahia ngā o potae o te wahine ki te pikitia i runga i taua mea. I tua atu, i tangohia tenei kāhua kua pakiaka anake i roto i te pa nui, te kawanatanga, ko te ko tenei minamina ana ngā te tangata ke. Artists i runga i te papanga. whai wāhi i roto i te kāhua peita batik, kihai i whai i te whai wāhi ki te ako i tenei pūkenga, a maha haere i wheako i kore e whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o te rongonui o te batik rite te ara kia whakapaia te ora.

Ko te mea anake i whakaputaina tenei tikanga scenes tapere me pihi, monumentality tonu o tohu Soviet i ko. Batik hei puka toi mo te wa roa e kore i taea e ite iho i roto i Russia no te mau tumu e rave rahi. Otiia ko te waenganui o te rau tau 20 mo tenei momo o papanga peita tīmata wāhi i roto i te whakaoranga. I roto i te whenua e ora e mai te whawhai e wehingia ana, awheawhe, te wahi i whakaritea toi karangatia o batik me ngā ākonga ki te hanga mo te iwi Soviet e ataahua, nga mea e tika. I te tīmatanga pania pohewa batik me hooro mō wahine, me te waihanga i awhi whakapaipai mo te whakapaipai o te whakangahau tūmatanui me wāhi ahurea.

toi whakaari

Ko te hītori o te putanga o te batik (he whakarāpopototanga o te tuhinga) kōrero e ko tenei tikanga he haere uaua. Ki te whakaiti koe i te reira ki te ahua, haere huri noa i te ao, me te whakapai ake, ka kore te reira e taui i te ngako: batik - toi multicomponent, karapoti te nui tino katoa e taea e hoatu e matou a ia te whenua, me te iwi, e hinga i roto i te aroha ki batik ka anga ki te whakamahi i te reira ki te whakapaipai i te ao . Hei tauira, i roto i Russia riro batik tona tapere "mātauranga" - whakamahia kaha ia te ruānuku ki te waihanga i te scenes me backdrops atamira ki ngā ngā tapere, ngā hītekiteki. Kua whakawhanakehia e te whenua te tupuni katoa o rangatira batikistov nei i hanga ahurei peita batik pakiwaitara ki tonu, maha ngā āhuatanga, me ko he noa iho, mahi teimaha tenei.

tauera toi

Ahakoa, ki te whakarāpopoto i te hītori o te batik te, e kore e taea e tatou e te tau'a ore i te toi o te pohewa me hooro i roto i tenei tikanga. I roto i Russia, i whanau ai i roto i nga tau 20 o te rau tau whakamutunga rite te wāhanga o te au huatau - Modernism. hiahiatia nép wherikotanga me pretentiousness, a kia arai whakapaipai batik whakapaipai pikitia kanapa tohu Japanese, i ko reira te wāhi tino teitei rawa o ōrite ahua. Ki te wahi o te wā e rite ana ki te hua o te wā huru batik kua ngaro te whakaaro papatipu katoa me te tauera koe tata ngaro. Ko te hawhe tuarua o te rau tau, ka ora ake ano te puka toi, me pohewa me hooro i papa reo ano hoki te tamataraa toi me te kounga teitei mahi auaha o rangatira o batik.

Irina Trofimova me ētahi atu

Ko te takenga mai o te batik, He mea paihere tona whanaketanga i roto i te Soviet Union ki te ingoa Irina Trofimova. Kua whakawhanakehia ngā te toi o te peita i runga i te papanga i roto i te Soviet Union i te wahanga, no te mea kihai i taea e te ruānuku haere ki waho ki te tiki maheni ki te tikanga i roto i te wahi o ratou take, me te whanaketanga. Anake i roto i te hawhe tuarua o te rau tau 20, Irina Trofimova taea ki te ako i ēnei āhuatanga mā te toro i te awheawhe ki waho, a ka faaite tou matauranga etahi batikistami Russia ki. whakaaro Irina Trofimova te ki hei te tupuna o te batik puāwaitanga i roto i to tatou whenua, tona tikanga rahi o te batik whakaaetia ki te puta tohutohu rerekē, ia o nei pai te whakawhanakehia me inaianei. Kaiwhakaako batikisty oaoa Russia he mana pai-tika ana, me te whakaute o ana hoa i runga i nga mahi o te batik. Bright, whakapakoko taketake hanga e te momo o ngā kura batik, hopu, patu pūkenga o te toi.

batik

I whakawhanakehia te hītori o takanga o te tikanga batik rite te katoa i runga i te rau tau, engari ngā te mahi tūturu o te maha ngā wāhi:

• batik wera;
• batik;
• peita free.

Ahurei, me te istory o batik matao. I reira me timata ia te whanaketanga o tenei tikanga o te peita papanga. I roto i te papanga Indonesian tawhito peita tuatahi i runga i ngā wāhi motuhake i ia atu, te whakakī i te āputa ki te tae rerekē, me te tupapaku. E konatunatua ratou ki te hanga i te kaupapa tae hou. Ko reira he toi tino uaua, me absorbs kakahu haukū te peita, rawa āta tono i te rangatira. Ko reira ka e, i roto i te tikanga ki te ārai i te peita hinu faufaa, me te rawakore ki runga papanga, a ka tapa e batik- wera "anbatik" - he taka o te ware pi. Otiia tonu tona whanaketanga te "makariri" tikanga. adhesives Motuhake, pera-ka karanga rahui e ārai te kătahi o te colorant i roto i te papanga muka kua whakawhanakehia kua. Next, e taea te ngāwari nekehia atu tenei piripiri desiccated ki te hoatu unpainted wahi o te tukutuku.

batik wera

e kore te mea kōpeka Art peita papanga pāmahana whiwhi āhuatanga. te waki i Hot - te pūtake o tenei tikanga. History o batik i Iwi maha, tae atu hiraka Japanese peita "roketi", tenei whanaketanga ko te toi o te batik wera. Kei te tono te ware pi wera ki te papanga mā te whakakī i te katoa ranei wāhanga anake e whakamārama takiwa, ka waruhia te ware pi e atu, ka tono ano ki te tiaki i te tahi atu wahi tetahi atu tae. Ko te tikanga mohio e homai hua nui. tohua ana tēnei e kimono wahine Japanese ātaahua, he tokomaha o nei peita tonu batik.

Kāore he here!

Heoi, ko te hītori o te hangarau batik - e kore e pani anake tito te rohe faaineineraa o te wahi tae o te tukutuku mo. Ko te batik ko te tikanga motuhake i huaina peita free. Ka whakamahi ia i te maha o ngā tikanga:

• inked peita wai tikanga e te tikanga o brushes nebulizer ranei, horahanga, me te hanga whakawhitinga tae i runga i te papanga mākū;
• whakamahi tikanga mata he tauira tono ki te papanga i roto i te stencil te whakamahi i te hautai pahuka i ki peita;
• free hangaia mā te whakamahi i ngā huānga image whiwhi e rahui wāhanga kikokiko te whakamahi i kōpuku constrictions miro me te tote.

painting Free - he wāhi o te toi hou o te batik. Kei te whakamahia whānuitia te reira e te kaimahi runaruna ngana i te kāinga, kahore taputapu motuhake, me ngā rauemi ki te peita i te papanga. Ko te kuware tenei tikanga, engari ka taea te reira ki a koe te whakapaipai kakahu tahito - patiti, T-hāte.

Utauta mō te tuhi i runga i te papanga

Ko te hītori roa o te batik - te hītori o te whanaketanga o ngā rauemi, me ngā taputapu e whakamahia ana i roto i te peita papanga. batikisty whai Kaiwhakaako he täoro katoa o taputapu. he rerekē i roto i te brushes motuhake whanui me te rigidity mō te peita me te kāpia ranei ware pi, korere karaihe angiangi mō te rahui paninga hanganga, pūwero, kāri, pakete tenei, tito maripi kikokiko, stencils, korere, kirihou ranei rakau rakau. Ka taea te hokona taputapu ki te hiahiatia i toa makehe taonga mō te ngira.

He nui Haumarutanga

Ahakoa te meka e batik - te toi o te peita i runga i te papanga, me te hiahia ki te ū ki te ture haumaru. Ko e tika ana ki te taputapu me ngā rauemi e kua whakamahia i roto i te toi tenei. tikanga batik Hot whai wāhi te whakamahi o te mura tuwhera hatete hiko ranei ki ngohe te ware pi. e kore e peita whakamahia tonu māori, rawa hoki te hunga i aroha o te mahi artisanal. Ko te whakamahi o ngā waikano matū me whakarewa kia meinga ritenga kiri mate pāwera ranei me mucous. titau Batik kahore take paruru, engari tonu te ū ki kia te mehua haumaru kia tino aru. Me āta ki te mahi ki nga taputapu katoa, timata ki te maripi, me kutikuti me te mutunga o ngongo karaihe mo te tono o te kai.

kore kua Batik koe oti tona whanaketanga, e tonu tahi rauemi hou me ngā hangarau i te whanaketanga o nga mea katoa o te auahatanga, me te batik rite te pai. Tiro Amazing o toi hanga ora te rota ātaahua ake me anaanaraa e mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tawhito, me te rangatira hou.