Te peita Matryoshka: te papa matua (whakaahua)

Matryoshka - he tamapua pania hanga o te rakau, te manatunga Russian ao-rongonui, i puta tuatahi i roto i Russia i te rau tau mutunga o XIX. Ko roto i te wā o te whanaketanga ahurea, me te ōhanga, i reira ko te kaupapa toi "kāhua Russian". I roto i te wa poto horapa toi iwi Russian puta noa i te ao, a ka kua tipu peita matryoshka ki te wāhi o reira.

Ko te kōrero o

Taonga tākaro kaiahuwhenua Folk iho i huaina "matryoshka" tohua te timatanga o te kaipeita Russian Sergey Malyutin, tetahi o nga kau muimui tino whakatapua o te kāhua Russian. Pania tare kōhanga, whakairo i te wahi kotahi o te rakau, kua meinga hei tohu o te whenua Russian. Ko te kanohi toi o te wahine kainga ohie ki te tikaokao i roto i te ringa, ka kakahu i roto i te kakahu kua mea hakari ana te kawe i te hohonu tonu o ngā kōrero tuku iho taketake Russian.

I te whakaaro te parau tumu o te kōkuhu he tamapua kōhanga i roto i te tahi atu ritua i takawairore Japanese "paari Fukurama", i kawea mai te whenua o te Haké Sun wahine matika Mamontova, he industrialist Russian rongonui. Mai taua wa, ka he Russian manatunga tamapua kōhanga matarohia o te faufaa ao. Tautuhia tare arā, o 37-kape "iti atu i te" tomo i roto i te Guinness Buka o Records.

Ko te matryoshka Russian tuatahi

tutaki artist Milutin te rongonui ariki-Toy i Sergiev Posad Vasiliem Zvezdochkinym ka whakahau ia waru reni rakau o te rahi rerekē, e taea te hoatu e tetahi ki tetahi. Zvezdochkin tāia ki tētahi turners rakau mātanga ki te mahi - na reira ko te huinga tuatahi o te waru tare tauroto.

hurihia nga reni i a haere Sergey Milutin ki tare tae. Mai i te tīmatanga, i te toi fifi horahia i runga i te mata waituhi pūāhua motuhake, ka ahua tātuhi me i ki te tīmata katoa i runga i ano. E au ra te reira ki te mahi i kore te mea taea peita i runga i te rakau, engari te artist Milutin, e i roto i tona mahi e whakamahia anake peita hinu-e hāngai ana, faaoti otiia ki te rangatira i te tukanga o te peita i te tempera reni rakau.

Water-turanga whakaehunga peita tempera whakaaetia kē ki te tautapa i te pikitia i roto i te whānuitanga etahi, a ka hāngai te pokey o te paninga ki te mahi. e kore e Waituhi horapa, a ko hoki i runga i te peita o tare te artist. Heoi, he tutukitanga hou, i roto i te tahi mau wahi hinga te apa peita ki te kapiti mōkitokito o te hanganga rakau. I tenei wāhi te tae o te huringa paninga radically, i reira te mea he wahi pouri. Sergey Miljutin atu whakaaro o te hiahia mo te tono i te tämata e kia mara mata, me te whakaki i nga wāhi wātea o te rakau muka.

I roto i te mutunga, i utu te manawanui o te kaitoi, a i taea ki te whakatū i te rārangi o tare, tuatahi i roto i te tauine pāmu, a ka rite ki wāhanga o te hinonga nui ahumahi ia.

pania Tare kōhanga

Ko te tukanga o te peita tare rakau tuku iho e pā ana ki te hangarau motuhake, e taea te wehea ki te maha nga wahi. titau Priming, peita, me te varnishing, huarahi toi, na ki te taua mahi uaua ki te hapai i noa ngākaunui iwi toi: Matryoshka, painting āta nei ngā o toru kaupae. Kore ka rite te hua image rongonui cheap.

whakarato tētahi atu paerewa atu kōrero o te tukanga, ka hanga kohanga tare peita whakamana i roto i te kāhua pono toi, ki te whakaaturanga o nga tohu iti rawa o kīanga kanohi tamapua, i runga i nei, tei te faaiteraa i runga i tona mata. Hei kawe i te huru o Matrona, he ataata ranei oto taea te kaipeita ngaio anake. Ko te kupu, matryoshka, peita āta i te mea te reira tukanga auaha haepapa tika riro mahi toi, a ka waiho te kounga mahi tika ti'aturi i runga i te taumata o te whakangungu o te ariki. I tēnei wā, e tika ana ki te tono tiketike mō te tuku iho taonga Russian kamupene mo ratou reiti hanga production hua, kāore, pānga reira te kounga o ngā hua.

momo

Tuatahi o te katoa, pania e tare kōhanga rakau rerekē i runga i te pūtake rohe. He maha ngā momo o te manatunga iwi rongonui: Tverskaya, ia Herekiu, Maydanskaya, Vyatka, Semenovskaya. whakanuia ia kē e āhuatanga motuhake. Matryoshka, momo o peita e he pera rerekē, kia taau ai mo te aronga o tona ahua toi motuhake. I runga i te taua paetukutuku tiketike o pakiwaitara parau tona kōrero - he rongonui mo runga i te rau tau i roto i te ao taonga Russian. Momo o karetao me ratou rerekētanga:

• peita Semenovskaya matryoshka he kāhua tahito herenga rerekē, e wātea ana ki te toi-motu, kahore mātauranga toi. Ko tētahi atu tohu Semyonov matryoshka tamapua taupaki ko te puawai tā whakahauanga: whakatika i roto i te waenganui o te hainga nui, me te timera. matryoshka pania i Semyonov faaoti ki te hanga e toru anake ngā tae: puru, kōwhai, me te whero, me te huinga o e homai te ahurei ataahua sundress, kameta me te taupaki.

• tare kōhanga pania i roto i te kāhua o "Tver" aratau scene rerekē. whakaaro image tauira kaupapa parani te ki hei tau hītori. I tua atu, kei te hanga i enei tare kōhanga i roto i te kāhua puāwaitanga - ataahua Russian i roto i te kameta me te kakahu atamai ki te taupaki, e ngoi ana i te whakapakoko tae, whenua, masterpieces hoahoanga Russian.

• peita te Kaiwhakaako o tare i roto i te kainga o Maidan Polkhovsky (Nizhny Novgorod rohe) Pīkitai ki tō kāhua. He nui ake kuiti, upoko ake elongated ratou tare. Engari sundress me te epora i roto i te porotītaha whānui matryoshka ki te tauira i runga i te kaupapa te tipu.

• tare kōhanga pania i roto i te kāhua o "Vyatka" fakahu'unga kanohi puru kanapa, me te ngohengohe, ataata whakamā. whakaaro Vyatka matryoshka te te tino rongonui huri noa te ao. tāpiri te painga o nga taonga Russian rongonui te hangarau ahumahi ahurei - te hua o takai kakano tūturu.

• matryoshka Herekiu hopu tapatahi, naivety mata kiri puwhero, me te taemaha kakahu dressy. Ko te tohu tuku iho o rerekētanga taua Matrona ko te tauera hoko. I roto i nga ringa o te matryoshka tapae tika tetahi kaupapa, paihere, kete hainga ranei o puawai.

ake awheawhe

Te hanga rongonui a rapu i muri e taea te whakaritea manatunga Russian i te kāinga. Hoki whakarite i te wāhi mahi e hiahia ana i te tepu iti. Ki te pania te rauemi e tika ana i runga i te whare o karetao E nehenehe te reira i te tukanga auaha ngā. Hei tīmata Me te huinga o peita, brushes, pepa pai me billets rakau, e kua hokona i roto i ngā toa makehe. I tua atu, ka hiahia te reira i te koti me te tämata mo rapataumata te mata o te tare kōhanga. Ko te tikanga tino nui o te faaineineraa o ngā rauemi ko te whakatikatika tupato o te raina e hono ana i te tihi me te raro.

A, no te kahore e tare kōhanga vytachivanii i runga i te rangatira tarai whai wāhi tika, me te waiho i te tui uru tonu whakapanga, na te tukanga o te oti i mongamonga i runga i te ariki e peita tare kōhanga. Ko te toi i ki kia patu ki te kōnae, me te rahurahu ā wāhanga kohuki. Me mahi te reira, te kore e kore e ōrite te haurua hua ia atu. Anake ka te oti te whakatikatika, me te wahi o te karetao kōhanga e ngāwari whakaurua e hono te aho, ka taea e koe te tīmata peita.

I muri i te workpiece he oro, he mea e tika ana ki te taupoki ana i te papa tämata e rua. Ki te whai te ranunga whakamutunga i runga i te ringa, e taea te rite te hanganga takitahi mā te ranu PVA piripiri ki te wai i roto i te ōwehenga o e pā ana ki 2: 1. I muri i te tämata ko tino maroke, timata te peita tare matryoshka ki o ratou ringa ake.

Hei te mahi pai ki te tango i te peita kiriaku, kua hokona e ratou i roto i te whānuitanga o te toi i roto i ngā toa katoa, me pera i roto i te tari o "handicraft". Hokona te huinga ki tonu o kōwhiringa, ka noho ki waho te nuinga peita. He pai ki te hoko i te torutoru tae e kua whakamahia i roto i te tukanga o te peita. He mea kōwhai, puru, whero, matomato, me tae pango. Ka Me hoki koe karaka ma, me te kanapa. He ao ēnei tae me pai ki te kāhua whānui o te manatunga Russian rongonui.

kia tīmata mā te tuhi takiwa kanohi, kameta, makawe, sundress, tona taupaki me nga ringa pania tare kōhanga ki o ratou ringa ake. Figure kikokore tono nga rārangi pene tuhi kāore i iniarapa ngāwari nekehia. Tei te kounga image i runga i te mahi atu katoa, kia kia tangohia e koe i tenei taahiraa tino, pai he wa torutoru te tuhi anō i te tātuhi pene, i te ki te tiki ko kua te ānau o te whakapakoko i roto i te tae.

whakangungu

He momo motuhake o te toi pai he mahi i runga i whakaātaahua o ngā hua rakau, pērā i Découpage, intarsia, koaro me te tauira i roto i Khokhloma kāhua me te toi peita kōhanga tare. ki enei akomanga toi ariki e wātea ana mō te katoa, e whakaritea ratou wahi katoa. akoranga motuhake me hui e ako i roto i nui taipitopito tenei momo o te toi, rite peita tare hanga kohanga. piha Kaiwhakaako me awheawhe muri whakarato ha faingamālie ki te ako ngā, me te pai kaihoahoa tikanga mātanga i te parae o toi tangata, me te mahi toi. ui atu ahau ki hoki taonga Russian tata mimiti. Kua hokona tare kōhanga katoa i runga i te ao, i te tikanga e te kaitoi e peitatia te rakau, e kore e waiho i waho te mahi.

piha haapiiraa te Kaiwhakaako

Tuatahi e hiahia ana koe ki te wahi hei tukunga ake mo te mahi me te rauemi e tika ana mō ngā tare peita kōhanga. Ko te rārangi ngā:

• Kuru, te oilcloth whakatakotoria;
• paraihe taua №4, №3, №1 me kotahi paraihe "kore";
• tämata;
• kiriaku tempera ranei peita, papatae, kakahu, swabs miro, toothpicks ranei skewers rakau mo nga whiu tino whakatarapi;
• hinu paina ki waimeha te peita ki te ōritetanga e hiahiatia ana;
• tātuhi ohie pene, iniarapa, rangatira;
• oka ki te runga kakau nui mō te fariiraa i te workpiece;
• peita waitohu PF 157 ranei 283.

Ngā Tauira me whakaaro

I te wā tuatahi hoatu matou penciling te wahi mua o te preform. Ki te i roto i ngā o te maha hua o te momo kotahi, me te rahi, ka taea e koe te waihanga tauira tamapua whakautu mō te peita, ki runga ki nei e waiho reira māmā ki te ū ki te ōwehenga o te tauira tïpako. He mea nui ki te whakamahi i te tātauira tika. Ki te whai koe i te pūkenga i runga i te rakau peita, e kore te te Sīpinga tare kōhanga mō te peita e hiahiatia ana, he māmā ake ki te tono i te takiwa o te mahara. meinga tenei tikanga te hoki no i roto i te tukanga o te tātuhi, ka taea e koe te tāpiri i te tahi mea o tona ake. huarahi auaha i roto i tenei whakaaro kua whakatikaia.

Otiia i roto i tetahi take, ki te ringa ko reira he tauira, me te waihanga koe he huahua o nga tare peita kōhanga. Me waiho te reira i te tuhi i runga i te pepa, e whakaata ana i te takiwa whanui o te hua, me te te kāhua o te mahi heke mai.

Next, whakawhiti te tauira ki te workpiece mā te tārua noa. I roto i tenei take, mōhio e kia tautika te whakapakoko, me te reira ki te pupuri i te raina tika poutū i te niao o te tare kōhanga heke mai ki te raro.

tono te aratau o te mata kei roto i te puka o te porowhita, te wahi o raro o e taka ki runga ki te wahi o te whakawhitinga o te raro whanui o te workpiece i roto i te kuiti - upoko. I roto i tenei take, me noho nga taha o te porowhita he wahi mo te kiko, me i te runga - mo te makawe.

E whakaraupapahia takiwa i muri tauera, e taea te hoko i runga i te Matreny kaki ranei hinga noa, kati te hoki me te wahi sundress mua. ka taea e koe te utu i te ringa, tuku iho ki raro ranei whakapiko ratou i nga tuke, ki te nga ringa ka waiho hei ahanoa: he samovar, he taro, he hainga o puawai ranei te kete o harore me hua.

I roto i te Unuunu atamira muri i roto i te aratau tae katoa taipitopito sundress peita i te peita whero, e ka mahi rite te puipuitua mō tauira. Tauera peita mua-rawa i runga i te tae mārō, me te e tatari mo te whakamaroke oti o te tae papamuri.

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakaki i te takoto kau i roto i mua, te utu i te ringa o Marya samovar tetahi atu ranei. kia whakaranu i te kaupapa i roto i ki te pikitia whānui. karekau whakapehapeha hāte ma pai io ngā ki te sundress whero e te reira te wā ki te whakapaipai whakapaipai Floral etahi ahua o te mutunga motuhake ranei, tei katoa i runga i te whakaaro o te kaitoi.

Na sundress tino peita, haere ki te hikurere. hooro Russian, tae atu i te rongonui Pavlovsky Posad e te tikanga rawa ātaahua. Tae tauira ranei ki runga ki a ratou reka, me te kanapa. kia tenei iho, me te kia aru i roto i peita.

He pai ki te whakamahi i te pepe koura taonga, e taea te mahi i te reira ki te koura pene rā. titiro reira huinga pai o mangu ki whero kaha. Me ki tonu katoa wāhi noa i runga i te sundress ki te puawai, me otaota matomato, rite tetahi wahi takoto kau rite te mahi oti titiro.

tangata

Ko te atamira tino nui i roto i te tare peita kōhanga - te reira ona kanohi, ihu me ngutu. Me ki te utu i te ara taua e ko te reira whakaputa me i te wa taua nehenehe roa te tangata. Na tino nui - kia ataata matryoshka!

Eyes Matrona tonu a tawhio. I roto i te tikanga ki te utu a ratou, tino i roto i te wahi e tika ana ki te hoatu e rua ngā kei symmetrically ki te faatura ki tahi i te tahi. Unuhia porohita a tawhio noa te ngā, ka taia he porowhita porowhita iti ki te hei tauira. I muri i taua utu i te kamo - niao ki ngā rārangi e ata ānau a tawhio noa koutou kanohi. Runga ake tukemata Unuunu, taea ratou āhua e noho. Na nga tauira hoatu e matou te pae ma, ka te amai i te reira i te awatea.

e kore e Nosik Matreny whai ki te titiro rite te ihu tangata. Ko reira nui ki te tautapa i te reira taipe e rua ngā i roto i te wahi e tika ana.

aratau o nga ngutu - ko te tino faufaa pa i runga i te mata o Matrona tenei. Ko he ngāwari ki te utu i te reira, e hiahia ana tika koe ki te āta kukume i te puka o te pewa te aho pito ki runga. Tonu te mata ataata!

Na, te utu i te ngutu o raro i roto i te puka o wāhanga karaka, a ka te tihi i roto i te ahua o semicircles rua miniaturized.

tae mata

I mua i peita koe nga takiwa kanohi, me te whakarite i koe he tae māwhero. Ka taea te mahi i tēnei mā te ranu i peita whero ki te nui āhua nui o te wai. Tuatahi, me kia tamata te otinga hua i runga i te pepa o te pepa, ka tono pāpāringa i runga i te Matreny paparinga ki te ūkuia miro.

I muri tono pāpāringa he kanohi tae, ngutu, me te huruhuru, heru wehe. e kore e waiho te tangata whakamārama ma parakore. I roto i te tikanga ki te tiki i te peita tae kiri, e hiahia ana koe ki te uru ma ki kōkōwai. Ka taea e Hue tangohia ake experimentally.

Next hiahia koe ki te hanga Matrona animating āhua - he he whakaaturanga tino o te taipitopito iti. I tenei momeniti hanga kohanga tamapua mai ki te ora.

Ko te atamira whakamutunga

Kia oti te mahi katoa e, he mea e tika ana ki te tatari mo te whakamaroke oti o nga karetao kōhanga me te hua lacquered i roto i toru papa, ia o ratou prosushivaya.

Na, rite tino to tatou matryoshka rakau faahiahia! Pania tare kōhanga, whakaahua nei tino hiahia ki te kia mahue i runga i te mahara, i teie nei e waiho to koutou runaruna pai.