Uara tawhiti o Young me tona tikanga tinana matua

Ko te uara tawhiti o elasticity wä roa o te rauemi o hanga, uara tawhiti o Young ranei, ka karanga te rahinga tinana e faaite i te taonga o te rauemi, whakarato ratou ātete ki deformation, mahi i roto i te aronga wä roa.

Ko te tawhā faaite te pakeke o te rauemi raima.

ingoa o te kōwae hāngai ki te ingoa o Thomas Young - rongonui ahupūngao Ingarangi, me te pūtaiao e kua ako te tukanga o te te kōpeketanga me roha o ngā rauemi totoka. tohua ana tēnei e te uara tinana o te pukapuka Latin whanganga uara tawhiti o E. Young i roto i Pascals.

Kei te whakamahia uara tawhiti o Tawhā Young te uara tawhiti o elasticity wä roa ranei mo tātaitanga ngā i roto i ngā rauemi i te whakamātautau i runga i te tohu deformation, shock kurut me flexural.

Me mea e ahau e te nuinga o nga rauemi hanga whakamahia ahua i rawe ki o te uara tawhiti o Young makona nui, i te mea te nuinga o o te tikanga o Mahuru ¹⁰ Pa. Na reira, "Giga" (GPA) whakamahi tāpiritanga maha mō te haratau o te tātai me te tuhi.

Ko te whai ake e tohu o uara tawhiti o Young mo etahi rauemi hanga, e e pinepine whakamahia hoki te whānuitanga o ngā take mahi. Ko reira i runga i te kaha o ratou āhuatanga whakawhirinaki i runga i te mauroa o ngā hanganga whare me ētahi atu taonga.

E ai ki te tepu, te auau mōrahi o te kōwae no ki te rino, me te iti rawa - te rakau.

Ko taea faaotiraa kauwhata o te uara tawhiti o Young te whakamahi i te hoahoa ahotea motuhake e whakaatu ana i te ānau whiwhi e tetahi me te taua rauemi mō te mauroa i roto i ngā whakamātautau toutou.

I roto i tenei take, te tikanga tinana o uara tawhiti o te Young ko ki te kitea he hononga pāngarau o te ahotea noa ki hāngai tawhā riaka i etahi he wahi o te tūtohi ki ngā rohe hautanga këtia σ _mi.

I roto i te faaiteraa uara tawhiti pāngarau o Young e whai ake: E = σ / ε = tgα

kia hoki kia mea te reira e ko te hoki uara tawhiti o te Young te take o proportionality i roto i te whakaahuatanga pāngarau o te ture a Hooke, i te mea e whai ake: σ = Eε

Na reira, ko te hononga tika o wä roa elasticity uara tawhiti whanganga āhuatanga ki ripeka-wāhanga o te rauemi whai wāhi i roto i te whakamātautau pakeke, faaite te whakamahi i ngā tawhā pērā i EA me E1.
EA - he mehua o pakeke kurut, rauemi shock i roto i ona-wāhanga ripeka, te wahi A - te uara o te tokotoko rohe ripeka-motu.

E1 - Ko te mehua o te rigidity flexural o te rauemi i roto i tona wāhanga ripeka, ai 1 - te uara o te axial kau o tūpuku, e whakatika rauemi ipytyvaemogo motu.

Ko te kupu, uara tawhiti o te Young - ko te ranunga taetohu, e āhei ai e rave rahi rōpū ki te tohu i ngā āhuatanga hanganga o te rauemi.