Villi intestinal: hanganga, mahi, supply toto me ngā āhuatanga

Me ki te horomanga o kai hoki te mahi noa o te tinana tangata. kawea absorption o matū ora faufaa me o ratou hua kinonga kei roto i te piro iti. Whakanohoia i roto Villi intestinal me te mahi i tenei mahi. Ka ratou anatomy, wāhi, cytology, a kia kōrero atu.

Ko te hanganga o te whēkau iti me ona mahi

I roto i te tari anatomy tangata tohatoha 3 - te duodenum, jejunum me ileum. Tuatahi e pā ana ki te 30 cm te roa. Tenei mai te motuhake o te whākōkī epithelium intestinal, ate me whākōkī pancreatic. I roto i te tari taua haamata tukanga momi. Water me tai, waikawa amino me huaora, mātātoa ngote nei fatty acids roto ki te awhina o te Villi.

I waenganui i te jejunum me te ileum kahore he rohe mārama waho, me te roa tapeke ko te 4.5-5.5 m. Ko ngā rerekētanga ā-roto, o te akoranga, te tīari. Jejunum :

• He he matotoru taiepa nui;
• Intestinal Villi ia roa me o diameter iti, a he nui to ratou maha;
• Ko reira pai tukuna ki te toto.

Tonu, te mahi matua o te duodenum - te nakunaku o kai. Ehara i anake i roto i te lumen intestinal, kawea tenei tukanga i roto i, engari ano hoki e tata te taiepa (kōpako nakunaku) rite te pai rite i roto i te pūtau (intracellular).

Hei whakatinana i te whakamutunga i roto i te mucosa reira e e rerekē mō ia whakauru pūnaha waka motuhake. whenumi He āhuatanga atu o te whēkau iti te. I roto i te tahi atu - ko te āhuatanga matua tenei.

Te whakatakoto Villi me ratou anatomy

Kei Villi intestinal i roto i te punuatuna i roto i te katoa e toru ngā wāhanga o te whēkau iti me te hoatu ki a ratou he ahua velvety. Ko te roa o ia o te Villi āhua 1 mm, me whakatakoto rawa mātotoru. E hanga e ratou i te protrusions membrane mucous. Per mirimita tapawha o te mata o te whēkau iti taea e tuatahi, me te tuarua wāhanga i 22 ki te 40 nga wahi, i roto i te iliac - 30.

Waho hipokina nga Villi intestinal katoa e ki epithelium. kua he plurality o protrusions i huaina microvilli ia pūtau. kia ratou te nui rite tiketike rite 4 th. Per epithelial pūtau, e tino whakanuia ana te epithelium mata, a ka rite ki te hua, te mata momi o te whēkau.

Villi intestinal katoa i roto i te punuatuna o te tangata e axially tōiti lymphatic e ahu i te matamata o te Villi me te plurality o tōiti tikanga i roto i te stroma.

hanganga pūtau o te Villi

Ko reira te aroaro o te tetahi momo o ngā pūtau kawenga mō te āhua o te Villi intestinal. Ko nga mea tuatahi te tuatahi:

Ia villus, ahakoa o wāhi, kua kapi katoa ki te kahu epithelial arā, o toru momo o pūtau: te pūtau epithelial hanga tīwae, oko exocrine me endocrine ngā pūtau.

enterocytes

ko te tino pinepine tūpono ki te reira i roto i te epithelium o te momo Villi pūtau. Tona taitara tuarua o nga momo pūtau epithelial hanga tīwae. Pūtau āhua prismatic. whakamana te mahi matua o te Villi intestinal e ratou. whakarato Enterocytes neke i te wahi gastrointestinal ki te toto me te tīpona pūnaha e hiahiatia ana e te tinana o te matū e mahi i roto i ngā kai.

I roto i ngā pūtau epithelial i runga i te mata i reira ko te awhi motuhake i hanga microvilli. Ēnei microvilli 1 micron ² awhe i 60 ki te 90 nga wahi. whakanui i ratou i te mata momi o ia pūtau 30-40 wā. Kei runga i microvilli mata glycocalyx mahia e piri whākōkī.

Ko tētahi momo o ngā pūtau epithelial he pūtau ki microfold pera-ka karanga M-pūtau ranei. Ratou wāhi - waitinana follicles kanohi e rua rōpū, me te takitahi. E kitea e ratou e te āhua ake papatahi me te maha iti o microvilli. Ko hipoki tenei mata e microfolds ki i te mea nehenehe o hopu te macromolecule me lumen intestinal te pūtau.

exocrine oko me endocrinocytes

pūtau Kotahi, faarahi te maha o nei i te duodenum ki te ileum. Ko enei angamaheni pūtau mucous whakaemi me ka tuku tona ngaro ki te mata mucosal. whakatairanga e uku kai haere te punuatuna i te wa ano wāhi i roto i te tukanga o te membrane nakunaku.

Ahua o ngā pūtau, tei runga i te tohu o te haaputuputuraa o secretions reira, me te hūpē hanganga ano puta i roto i te whakanohonga o te taputapu Golgi. whare herehere kau, tino ngā koutou ngaro, me te whaiti ki te matua iti.

endocrinocytes synthesize reira, ka huna matū kaha biologically e tākaro i te mahi kūnatu kore anake, engari te tākaro hoki i te wāhi nui i roto i te pākia e whānui. whakanohonga te Paraimere o enei pūtau - te duodenum.

mahi

Mai i riro te hanganga tonu mārama e mahi whakamana e te Villi intestinal i roto i te tukanga kūnatu, na tatau poto anake ratou:

1. Ko te absorption o te warowaihā, pūmua, waikawa amino, me te ratou hua kinonga. E haere ratou i roto i te tōiti i te Villi, me i te toto kawea i roto i te pūnaha tomokanga o te ate.
2. absorption lipid, engari, matūriki chylomicron i takea mai i lipids. E haere ratou ki roto ki te muka lymphatic me ki te bloodstream, bypassing te ate.
3. Ko tētahi atu mahi o nga Villi intestinal - secretory, o te huna hoki hūpē hoki whakatairanga māmā o kai i roto i nga paru.
4. Endocrine, no te mea etahi o nga pūtau Villi hua histamine me serotonin, secretin me maha atu hormones me bava.

Tohuwāhi te kukune me mahi whakaora i muri i whara

Mai i te mea pūtau me pehea nga Villi intestinal, i matau ai tatou, engari ka e whakatakotoria ia i roto i te tinana tangata, me o te aha pūtau? E hi'opoa tatou i tenei pātai.

I te mutunga o te rua o nga marama i te timatanga o te toru o nga whanaketanga tangata intrauterine ranei e timata ki te puta i te kiriroto punuatuna o te whēkau iti me ona wāhanga mahi - taiepa, Villi, crypts.

I te tīmatanga, e kore e pūtau epithelial whai te pārōnaki tino, tae noa ki te mutunga o te toru o nga marama e wehea ratou. Glycocalyx i runga i te microvilli, e kua hipoki ki te pūtau epithelial, kei te whakatakotoria i runga i te wha o te tamaiti marama.

I roto i te rima o te wiki, ka tika i roto i te hapū, i reira te mea he ripa serous o te whēkau, me te tuawaru - uaua, me te kiko tūhonohono o te whēkau. Kua whakatakotoria anga katoa i te kiriwai (rau visceral) me mesenchyme kiko tūhonohono.

Ahakoa katoa o te pūtau kūnatu pūnaha me te kopa whakatakotoria i roto i te whanaketanga fetal, engari i roto i te wa ki te mahi i to ratou mahi, kua pakaru Villi intestinal. Nahea te te ora o te wāhi i reira i mate pūtau? Na roto i te wehenga mitotic o ngā pūtau hauora kei tata. Ratou tango noa te wahi o hoa mate, me te tīmata ki te mahi i tona mahi.