Waka GDR mapi

noho ahumahi Automotive i muri i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao wahi o Germany pakiaka pai. Ko te GDR te Tiamana Democratic Republic ranei kihai i he whenua pono agrarian,. He nga otaota o te pupuri ahumahi rite Union Auto, peka BMW me te maha kamupene iti. Engineers Tiamana ki te momotu ako i roto i te taua kura, na te turanga pūtaiao, me te ahumahi o te whenua i i te taumata tiketike. He aha te mea i roto i te mutunga i miharo matou te ahumahi automotive o te GDR?

Park o waka o te motokā GDR

taa ê GDR waka he momo pai. hua te reira wātea me mohiotia ki katoa, "Trabant", "Wartburg", EMW, "Horch", "Zwickau" ko DKV. āhuatanga matua o waka pāhihi o te wahi Soviet o Tiamana e whai ake:

• hoahoa mua-wira;
• engine e rua-patunga;
• tinana economical o duroplastic (te nuinga);
• āhua ohie a taratara o te tinana.

He maha ngā kamupene i muri i te wehenga o Germany i hanumi ki tetahi pupuri pereoo nui i huaina IFA ( "IFA"). Nuinga o ngā wā auraa IFA taraka. Ko te tauira pai-mohiotia i roto ia ratou - W50L - ko te tino rongonui, me te i te ingoa rongonui "Ellie".

Kia whai whakaaro ano tatou i roto i te kōrero atu i te waka GDR, whakarerekētanga, me te wa i roto i nei i puta ratou.

DKW - motokā German

tīmata te hītori o tenei kamupene ki te iti engine ki te pahikara. kua I roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, kua whakapumautia te hanga hōia wheketere. Otiia i taea e ki te titiro i mua, ka tango i tiaki o te whanaketanga o te pūkaha atu kaha i te utu tika i te rangatira o te kamupene. I ahau i te whakaaro ki te waihanga i tētahi motokā e taea utu tata katoa.

tukua tauira DKW-F1 i te aroaro o te whawhai. Ko he rua-rango, car rangi-matao o. He ko whakatārewatanga motuhake me hononga tere tamau ranei hononga tere tamau. "Ko te motokā o te GDR" - e taea te huaina i te tauira DKW-K8. I tua atu ko reira modelc te F9, i i whakaputaina i roto i te tinana, ara paheko. katoa o enei mihini hoki i angamaheni hoahoa mua-te wira me te wae te mana rangi-matao o.

Ko te tipu, i haere tukua DKV, kei roto i Zwickau me Eisenach. Āpitihanga ki nga mihini waitohu mō te K8 me te F9 tauira ko IFA. korero te reira o tona mema i roto i te rōpū automotive United o te GDR.

"P70 AWZ Zwickau"

I muri i te whanaketanga o DHQ i "Zwickau". DuropLAS T - hei utu o te tinana kahupapa hipoki ki te peehia hiako, kua tono kirihou. he watea hoki hanga he hanganga hiato o te teriuma phenolic ki tāpiritanga miro Huruhuru Manu tenei. Nā ki te noho pai o te hanga, noho noa me te kaha whanaunga o te rauemi hohoro riro rongonui i roto i te taiao pūtea motokā.

Just rite tona mua DKW-K8, "Zwickau" i te pūkaha hake. Kua wai-tautauā me pūnaha hiko waka ko 12 volts. Ko te tōnā ko he toru-wā. kia o hoahoa āhuatanga e tuhia taura taputapu. rere ia tika i roto i te tautauā whakamahana. Cars o te GDR, te āhuatanga hangarau e taea maere, akina faahiahia ratou i tenei ra.

AWZ motokā P70 atu te aho whakanao i roto i te 1955, ka i etahi kohakore. I roto i ngā, ki te riro te uru ki te wehenga tueke, kua tuku iho te nohoanga muri e tika ana. I reira ano hoki kahore matapihi taha paremotanga. muri mai ka puta te tau putanga Combi, i i te whawhai nui me te tuanui marama hanga o hiako waihanga kiriweti. tukua tauira hākinakina atu i te tau i muri mai, i i te tinana tino waihanga, engari te paerewa mo enei engine mihini.

Ko te rongonui "Trabant"

Trabant i roto i te tikanga German "Sputnik". whakarewahia te tuku o tenei motokā fifi i roto i 1957, ka i whakarewa te amiorangi Soviet tuatahi ki te wāhi. Ko te tapeke o ngā waka, whakaputaina i raro i te ingoa "Trabant", tae atu ki ngā matua P70, nui 3 miriona. Tenei waitohu motokā o te GDR ko he tohu tino o te whenua. No mea pehea tūkinotia, "Trabi", me te whakawhetai ki tenei mīhini he tokomaha nui o te iwi i taea e "tu i runga i nga wira." Na, he aha i tenei motokā?

Just rite tona mua "Zwickau P70", "P50 Trabant" (rite te pai kia rite ki te putanga o te P60 me P601) i te tinana duroplastovy i runga i te kōhiwi whakarewa. Ko te kōwae mana ko te kaha e rua-patunga o 26 rita. he. a i te rōrahi 0.5 0.6 ranei rita. Engine Tautauā i hau. Fuel ki te Carburetor i mahara riro i te tank wahie, kei nei i konei, i roto i te wehenga pūkaha. Chadyaschie engine i muri ka he ngoikoretanga nui. No te o ia i te "Trabi" ko he īngoa - ". Whā motopaika potae ki te whānui"

i motuhake nga aukati mua, a muri. Te hanganga, i whakamana i te reira i roto i te puna hake. kawea taputapu urungi pau i roto i te whakawhetai ki te taputapu whatanga. Wāhanga o te motokā, hangaia hoki te iwi ki te hauā, he tōnā āhua-aunoa. whakahohe ā Tuku e te taraiwa, ka mahi i te mamau te aunoa i roto i te huihui electromechanical motuhake.

I te tau 1988, i te "Trabant" Whakamohoa ki tauira P1.1. Ko te huringa matua - te pūkaha hou i kaha WV Polo o 41 rita. he. me te rōrahi mahi o 1.1 rita. I tua atu i te sedan matarohia, whakaputaina Trabant i roto i te pereoo teihana. Na tera ano hoki he tauira o tuwhera Trump mō te hōia, me te mohoao. waka pāhihi o te GDR, te hītori o te hanga whakawhanakehia e te tahi ki te ahumahi, ko te tata ki te taupori. "Trabi" - tetahi o aua waka.

"Wartburg" i te GDR

Mark o te GDR "Wartburg" motokā - te tuarua tino rongonui i muri i te "Trabant". Enei waka huihui i i te tipu i roto i Eisenach atu mai i 1956. Ko te pūtake mo te motokā i mahi rite te "IFA F9" ranei te DKW F9, i tukuna nei i mua. Tauira ti'araa ko Wartburg 311. I roto i te rerekē ki te "Trabant" me ona mua, te "Wartburg" i atu whakarewa i roto i te hoahoa. Ko atu e tika ana ki te mea i roto i te pereoo i nui ake wāteatea te tinana.

Ko te kōwae mana 311 i Wartburg ko 3-rango e rua-patunga. pūnaha whakahinuhinu noa e kore kua tonu i whakaaro. Na reira, i te paowa whakapau i rongo motuhake, me te motuhake motopaika haruru i ina te rere i te pūkaha. Hoki, pērā Trabant, "Wartburg" i he tautauā wai. 'Oku totonu ke kau nga painga o te tauira te tika hou mo aua tau titiro.

I roto i 1965, te "Wartburg" Kei ao hōu. Kua Kua tino waihanga te reira i te tinana. raina a tawhio āta whakakapi tika. Kua whakarerekē kua taua 353. nui kātua wāteatea tauira noa atu puta ke pereoo me tiki taraka. te tahi mea car Āhua haamana'oraa o te Soviet Vaz-2101. Ko te ngoikoretanga matua o te tauira ko te pūkaha 2-patunga taua. Iti-tauine production hanga te "Wartburg" atu utu, i roto i te rerekē ki te taua "Trabi". Tairanga, Heoi, ko e wātea ana te utu, a ka i pai kaweake te motokā ki te whenua i tata.

whakahoutanga whakamutunga "Wartburg" puta i roto i te 1988. Na ka whakatika te motokā te tau 1.3 a ka he nekeneke tonu i WV Polo rōrahi o 1.3 rita. Heoi, kua te āputa hangarau whānui kua kaha, a i roto i 1991 ka hokona te tipu i roto i te taha o Opel. I Wartburg tenei ra, kia rite ki te era atu o nga waka GDR - he rarity.

Soviet BMW

Kei te mohiotia te reira i e i runga i te rohe o te Soviet Tiamana (Tiamana Te Tai Rāwhiti ranei) ko he wheketere BMW. He aha te momo o waka whakaputaina i te tipu, i nationalized ano? Tonu i muri i te pakanga i reira i hanga BMW 321 me BMW 327. Ko te tauira hou ko te motokā hākinakina matarohia i te wa. Hoki rawa ataahua ahua waho o te mīhini huna 6-rango, me te tata engine 2-rita. Fuel tomo te pūkaha 2 carburetors. Ka taea e 327 tauira whakatere ki te 125 km / h.

I muri i te taketake o te GDR ki te whakamahi i BMW waitohu kua meinga taea. Na reira, i tapa ai e tona ti'araa - ". Te Eisenach Motor Works" EMW, i iritihia tikanga Na te tauira tuatahi o te kamupene hou i roto i te tau 1949, ka EMW 340. I waihanga te reira i BMW 326 me, i roto i te meka, te ake GDR motokā tuatahi. Mutu waihanga tinana, mahue powerplant tata tonu. Na i taea e te waka eke e rima o ratou. Kua taipana kua nui haere ki te 4200 REV. / Min. Heoi, e tika ana ki te papatipu nui o te tere mōrahi i iti iho i te - 120 km / h.

3 hua akatuke'anga EMW 340: sedan, teihana pereoo ranei pereoo Combi ka hanga e te o te rakau. I whakamahia whānuitia te motokā i roto i ngā ratonga motu pērā i te pirihimana, hōhipera me ngā tari kāwanatanga. Te nuinga o nga waka e whai wāhi i tenei ra i roto i te retrovystavkah me he ora kaha tino. Kua maha rongoā hangarau whakamahia EMW me ka whakaurua i te "Wartburg 311". waka Real GDR, whakaahua, whakaahuatanga o e taea te kitea i roto i tēnei tuhinga i tenei ra - rarities tūturu.

Waka mo te iwi mowhiti - "Melkus RS1000"

Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te motokā iwi i te German Democratic Republic, i kohia he awheawhe iti i raro i te aronga o Heinz Melkusa. Ko tenei tangata he mowhiti racer kaingākau. Tuatahi whakatuwheratia e ia he kura taraiwa, a ka reira ko te whakaaro ki te kohikohi i runga i te pūtake o "Wartburg" reihi waka.

I roto i 1959 ka haere mai te kē hākinakina tuatahi o Melkusa. Ko ohie te ingoa tauira: "Melkus-Wartburg". I roto i te 1968 tīmata ia mahi i runga i te tinana i roto i te puka o te coupe hākinakina i kaka kōata. Tenei tauira riro te momo o tatau karoro-parirau. Ka rite ki te kōwae mana whakamahia 70 90 ranei horsepower nekeneke i roto i te rōrahi o 1-1.2 rita. Ngā mihi ki a ia, he motokā iwi taea tae tere ki runga ki te 165 km / h (mō te 9 hēkona ki te 100 km / h). whakaritea tēnei whakarerekētanga i Melkus RS1000. i hua anake e pā ana ki 100 kape. Kia aroha mai, i muri i te matenga o Heinz ki tonu i te mahi i runga i te hanga kihai i waka hākinakina tupu.

Katoa-wira motokā puku o te GDR

kihai i taea e GDR waka whakamanamana ripeka, ahakoa i reira i mau puku-wira katoa (4 × 4) mīhini, e kore e hoatu ai e. Ko te rawa tuatahi "Horch". Waho ko reira te Horch 901, engari ko rerekē te ingoa - HK1. He ko eke engine V-momo, i a 80 l. he. i te rōrahi o 3.6 rita.

whakaputaina nga waka puku wha-wira tuarua i i te peka o mua o BMW i Eisenach. ingoa Main - P1, engari i reira i te tahi atu kōwhiringa: EMW 325/3, KFZ 3. Ma motokā i te 2-rita 6-rango wae te mana o 55 rita. he. I mua i te tipu tino hanga i raro i te "Wartburg", whakahaere ki te mahi i pā ana ki 160 nga wahi P1.

Ko te tauira puku wha-wira taketake, i whai whakaaro mai te GDR rite P2. I whakaputaina te reira i runga i te ngaro "Ahanoa 37" i roto i te wā i 1955 ki te 1958. hua e pā ana ki 1,800 wae i roto i tenei wa. Waho, ko te tino ata te motokā. kua pea e cheap ki te whakaputa i waka rererangi koki o te tinana. Ko mo tenei ahua huna kaha engine 6-rango o 2.4 rōrahi rita i 65 rita. he. me te turanga poto-wira-puku.

Kua riro te whanaketanga whakamutunga o nga kaihoahoa GDR he P3 tauira. kua meinga te whenua whakawātea noa atu - 330 mm. Tau o te nekeneke "hoiho" nui haere ano ki te 75. ano ka ahua atu arotau o te tinana. Here i reira ko he tohi lēsoni 4-tere, me te take whakawhiti 2-tere. taea e koe te maukati i te pārōnaki pokapū.

taraka marama "Barkas"

Cars o te GDR, i i te ti'araa waitohu IFA mau i hua o kamupene rerekē. Kotahi waka mohiotia me taraka marama e "Whakarewa". E rua-patunga engine o te "Wartburg" Ko pono e kore te otinga pai. I roto i tenei take, "Barkas" i whakatārewatanga motuhake i runga i te taipana mo ia wira. Ngā mihi ki te mua-wira puku papa fare i roto i waka ko te tino uara. tāpiri tēnei wāhi roto nui.

3-puoto engine ki te rōrahi o te 1 rita clocked waka ki runga ki te 8 iwi ki te 100 km / h. Ko te putanga tuatahi o "Longboat" ko te V ti'araa 901/2 a ko kua ki te tatau taha retireti. whakaputaina e ia he waka taua i roto i nga tau 1951-1957.

I muri i te whakarerekētanga i ngā waka ki te pūkaha i IL: "Moskvich 412". te ingoa tenei tauira ko Barkas B1000. I muri mai, i roto i te 1989, i runga i te "Whakarewa" i tāutatia diesel 4-patunga nekeneke i WV. tauira taupū kupu ke ki B1000-1.

Ko te turanga matua o "Longboat B1000" riro he maha nui o whäiti. Here i:

• microbus;
• waka mo te waka tūroro;
• engines ahi;
• waka mō te whakaora;
• waka kiriweti.

GDR waka "Barkas" nui i roto i te tono i. Hoki te wa katoa o ratou production i tukua reira tata 180 000 wae.

Taraka "IFA"

Hoki te parau "taraka" Elisa "he uaua ki te kite i mema o te motokā ngā ki te āwangawanga motuhake. I tetahi wa i reira he rota o te whakama, engari te mutunga whakaaro IFA taraka te W50L motokā ki te ingoa motu" Ellie ". Ko te pukapuka W i pā te taitara ki te pa te wahi i hangaia ai tenei motokā - Werdau he reta o te L -. he pa i reira te hua ai -. ko te tau 50 Ludwigsfelde ta e taea te taraka kawe 50 quintals, 5 tana ranei.

a IFA W50L wae diesel te mana tuatahi ki 110 rita. s, a i muri i whakarerekē -. ki 125 rita. he. hua te reira i te tau nui o ngā o te taraka. tino i reira nga tāmate, cranes, meatia taraka, repo kōhao. taea hoki te e whakaaturia ana te whakaahua o te taraka hōia o te GDR rite W50L.

Truck "Ellie" i roto i te tono nui a ko te tino rongonui e kore anake i roto i Germany Te Tai Rāwhiti, engari ki waho ano hoki. Kua whakamahia hoki te USSR whakarerekētia taraka me te pereoo pani. Neke atu i te te wā-tau 25 katoa i te nekeneke heke neke atu i 570 mano wae.

Ko te taraka "Robur"

"Robur" Ko te taraka reo-ohipa hangaia mai 1961 i roto i te pa o Zittau. LO Model 2500 taea te kawe ake ki te 2.5 taranata o ututaumaha. Na tera ano hoki he LD diesel putanga 2500 me putanga katoa-wira puku hōia o LO 1800a, nei ka mau te utanga o 1,800 kg.

I 1973 i reira ko he whakarereke i roto i te ahunga o te whakanui ake i te kaha amo. Na whakaarahia motokā diesel 2.6 taranata me penehīni - 3 me te 2 taranata. Kua riro Powertrains atu kaha. Kua riro 75 "hoiho" penehīni "Robur" me 70 - diesel. noho tonu kapa me noho ano hoki te 3 iwi.

kihai i rite rongonui rite te IFA W50L te motokā, me i te waenganui-70 ka anga ki te riro tawhitotia. Tata ki te katoa waka utanga GDR, whakaahua o e taea te kite i roto i tenei tuhinga, he puka t ohie. Otiia ko te āputa matua, o te akoranga, hangarau.

multikar pereoo Watea

GDR waka i ngā waka park me taraka. Otiia i roto ia ratou i taua tūemi rite Multicar. taraka tenei-ohipa marama mo ngā take. Umanga whakaputa multikary me huaina - Multicar. roa te reira i tika ki runga ki te 2005.

tikanga Tuatahi GDR multikary mō te tohatoha o taonga i roto i te whare putunga me wheketere whare. Tenei waka diesel DK2002 me DK2003. I muri mai, ko te tauira DK2004 whakarerekētia ko Multicar M21. Tenei taraka hoki kua haeretia whakawhānuitia. Ki te i te tuatahi te taraiwa i taea anake e tu i te reira, a ka noho ia ki raro, a te mutunga ka he multikara fale rua.

pahi GDR

I tua atu ki te pāka o waka me taraka i roto i te GDR reira ko he kamupene pahi i hangaia e. E whakaputaina ratou i te hinonga tūmataiti Fritz Fleischer. i hangaia Brand S1 me S2 pahi i runga i te pūtake o IFA H6B. I roto i te 70 te tauira tuatahi o te tinana, me te whakakapi ki te ingoa: S4 ko g5, aua. Cars o te tohu GDR S4, g5 noa te mutunga o te o 80 ngā he ratonga nui, no te mea motu ke i ke "Ikarus" pahi i roto i te Uniana kore ake.

hei utu o te mutunga

Whakaaro i te tauira waka GDR, ka mohio ki te hītori katoa o te hanganga. waka rorirori me unsightly-titiro e ki tonu hoa mahi te iwi o aua wa. A i roto i tenei wa o te waka GDR - tika pākiki.