Well kitea: whakaahuatanga, momo pūrere me ngā āhuatanga

Ko te pūnaha parakaingaki o te plurality o ngā āhuatanga, e kua hangaia ki te whakarite i te mahi tahi o te whatunga. Well tavini kitea rite tetahi o nga hanganga nui, i nei whakamana e tohunga, me te mahi horoi paipa. Tenei tohu e enei wāhanga o te pūnaha e pokapū ki te parakaingaki waho.

Ko te momo matua

Tei runga i te ūnga, ka taea e koe te tautuhi i te tahi mau momo o manholes, tae atu ki: rārangi, hurihuri, matua, mana, horoi, Perepadnaya, me te rahi motuhake ki kaki rahi. Me Kei Linear i runga i ngā wāhanga tika o ngā pūnaha paipa ki te ware i tei runga i te diameter putorino. He Rotary i roto i aua wahi i reira e taui i te pūnaha te aronga o te rārangi, hei tauira ka cornering. rerekē ana tēnei kē i te whirihoranga paepae poka i runga ake-whakaahuatia, fakafofonga'i nei i roto i te puka o te ānau maeneene ki te pūtoro iti o te curvature. Me waiho te reira rite ki toru nga wa te diameter okana. I roto i te whakatau i te koki o te huringa o tohunga i ki mahara e kore e waiho te reira ki runga ake i te 90 °. puna kitea te puutahitanga kei i aua ngā i reira hono te wae kotahi te ki te maha rārangi o te pūnaha. E ratou he huihuinga hūrere e hono te mōrahi o toru supply me hoki putorino. A, no te haere mai te reira ki Faarii nui, kua karangatia e te puna te puutahitanga i roto ia ratou te tūhono ruma.

Whakaahuatanga o te tahi atu momo o manholes

E kei puna Test i nga ngā o hononga o te iari, ranei whatunga whakato intracanal ki tetahi e ko i runga i te huarahi. E whakanohoia ana e ratou ki waho o te raina hanga i te whare. E hiahiatia puna peheé ki te whakahaere i te mahi o te pūnaha ki te tāpiri i ngā taonga. Kua whakatakotoria nga wāhi tīmata horoi i te poka wahi i reira he tūponotanga o ngā rerenga e tika ana ki velocities iti. Perepadnaya kia tū poka i ngā wahi te putorino kai rerekē, me te putanga paepae tohu putorino. He nui ake faahiahia i roto i te rahi me te pao kaki poka Motuhake. Ko te kaikohi kupu kia whai he diameter 600 mm o me te tawhiti i waenganui i te poka, ko te 50 m atu ranei.

āhuatanga manhole

Well hāngai kitea i runga i te paepae, sunroof, kaki, me te ruma mahi. Ka taea te hanga i te hoahoa o ngā rauemi rerekē: kohatu tukinotia, poraka raima pereki ranei. I roto i te hoahoa, e tohua e Tapamaha, tawhio tapawhā ranei te huānga raraunga. Ko te turanga e tito o te papa raima whakapakaritia ki te kia whakanohoia ki runga ki te moenga o te kirikiri. Ko te wahi hangarau matua o nga mahi paepae whakamana i roto i-situ raima waitohu M200. whakamahi te reira i te formwork, ki tonu nei i te paru pokepoke sima me ngā whakapakaritia.

Ko te puna kua he awakeri mātakitaki, e haere ana ki te wahi paepae ki roto hoki neke puunaha. No te haere mai te reira ki te rārangi rerekētanga o te puna, ko reira he wahi tika o te heri, me te raro - poutū. e kore e waiho e iti iho i te tawhā e whakatau te diameter o te putorino nui teitei paepae. I ngā taha e rua o te paepae me whai whata e whai he rītaha ki a ia. ka mahi ēnei whata rite pae e kaimahi ope i roto i te mahi tiaki.

Āhuatanga o te wāhanga matua o te puna

Ki te hiahia i roto i te pūrere o te manhole koutou, katahi kia mohio koutou e tona ruma mahi he teitei 1,800 mm o. Na, ka rite ki te diameter ka kia whakaritea e te diameter okana. Ki te ko te kōwhiringa muri 600 mm, kia waiho te diameter o te ruma tukatuka rite ki te 1000 mm. He āhuatanga paerewa e e rite ki te 700 mm te kaki. Ki te ko te diameter putorino 600 mm, kia tūnga te kaki kia e taea te whakanohoia reira pūrere purenga. Hoki e tukupu te ruma mahi me te kaki e rite rawa ki te taiapa, ka eke nga pikitanga.

paerewa State mō pao

reimana Simple kia mea he e kore ko te pao hei huānga nui o te manhole. Otiia e kore e ko te take tenei. Ko te rauemi taketake mō te hanga o tenei wae mahi rino. E hangaia pao poaka-rino mō manholes i roto i runga i GOST 3634-61. tito tenei āhuatanga e o te tinana ki te taupoki mo whakapuru i runga i te kaki, a kia rite ki te 700 mm te diameter o te muri. Ko te tatau mo te wahi o te diameter 620 mm o. Ki te kahore he he hiahia ki te takoto i te manhole halá, ka kia rite ki te 134 kg tona papatipu, te mea e whakanohoia te pūkahukahu i runga i te papa, ka ko ratou taimaha 80 kg.

Pao manholes, GOST hanga i nei kua whakahuatia i runga ake, a kia whakamana i ngā rauemi polymeric, rerekē te muri otinga, kaha, mauroa me te haumaru te taiao. A, no te whakamahi i ngā rauemi polymer ki te kai i roto i te hanga o taima tāpiri, hanga tukanga tukurua taea. Na reira, e kore e o te moni mo reclaimers hangarua enei hua.

pai pūrere

Hoki ki te pūnaha mahi tika, me te whakamahi i manuhiri, i mahi manholes Standards 8020-90. I te wāhanga tuatahi o nga maioro, e ngā te hiahia mō te trenching me te arearenga. I mua i taua tohunga kawe i mahi faaineineraa i roto i te puka o te rohe tohu, te turakitanga o ngā mauwha, me te putaatu i te kōwae ki te pae hanga. I muri i te waikeri he rite, kei te whakapai ona raro, e manatoko koki pinakitanga taiepa ki te kaupapa rite te taumata o te popoketanga. Ki te whakatau koe ki te whakamahi i te hanganga kohatu, i te raro o te rua me ō apa waterproofing, kia waiho te matotoru o e 20 cm. Wuru kia tutuki ai te whakamahi i te mastic korotā.

Hei waihanga i tētahi raima ranei whakapakaritia poka raima turanga kia rite ki te hanga i te papa raima, kia waiho te matotoru o te muri 10 cm. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i rite-hanga papa raima.

Ko te tikanga o te mahi

Mataotao mahi he āhua e hiahiatia ana o te pūrere paepae i raima ki ngā i roto i te puka o te ngā. kia hiritia nga pito o te ngongo ki te uku, raima ranei. tukatuka te mata i roto o nga mowhiti te uku. Kia te raro o te tiki ake te kaha, ka taea e te tāuta e koe te mowhiti me papa papa. Aru e te muru ki te hononga paru pokepoke sima me hiritia nga uku o te taua. I roto i te wahi i reira ka tomo i te paipa te pūnaha, kia hanga e koe he whare paru 30 cm, teitei he nui atu i te 60 cm whakaritea ki te diameter o te okana.

mahi whakamutunga

kia kawea whakamātautau i roto i te ra, ki tonu tenei poka i te wai ki runga ki te mata o runga, a i runga i te putorino tāutatia plug. Ka pā anake tēnei kupu ki ngā hiri. I waho te taiepa backfilled ki te oneone i te mea pai pēpēhia. Huri noa i hanga te kaki te o te raima rohe matapo, te whanui o te mea 1.5 m. Me taratahi te toe hononga whakamahi uku.

mutunga

Ki te hiahia koe ki te mahi tika pūnaha parakaingaki, kia koutou te whakamahi i te Standard. Pao poaka-rino mo manholes, mo te tauira, kei te hanga ano i runga i te paerewa kāwanatanga, e kua whakahuatia i roto i te tuhinga i runga.