Whakairo tawhito Kariki, ona āhuatanga, wāhanga whanaketanga. whakairo Kariki Ancient me ratou kaituhi

Sculpture Kariki tawhito noho te wahi motuhake i roto i nga masterpieces o te kanorau o ahurea tuku iho no ki tenei whenua. whakakororia te reira, ka whakatinana ki te awhina o whakairoiro tikanga te ataahua o te tinana tangata, tona pai. Heoi, e kore anake maeneene rārangi me te huatau - nga āhuatanga e tohu i te whakairo Kariki onamata. ko Heoi nui te pūkenga o ona kaihanga i whakahaere ratou haere ki ara i roto i te kāmuta kohatu matao o kare, homai he hohonu, āhua tikanga motuhake, rite te kupukupu te ora ki a ratou. Ia whakairo Kariki onamata e hua ana ki te mea ngaro, kukume ake ki inaianei. Works o toi nui e kore e waiho tetahi tau'a.

Ancient Greece, rite ētahi atu ahurea, haere i roto i te wā rerekē i roto i tona whanaketanga. I tohua ia e huringa i roto i nga mea katoa o toi pai, tae atu ki te whakairo. Na reira, ki te ahu i te wāhanga matua o te hanganga o tenei momo o te toi kia whakaahua poto nga āhuatanga o te whakairo Kariki tawhito i roto i wā rerekē o te whanaketanga o mua o tenei whenua.

wā tuauri

wā tuauri - te wa i 8 ki te rau tau 6 BC. whakairo tawhito i tenei wa i rite ngā āhuatanga āhuatanga o te tahito ra. Ua itehia e, no te mea te tino i roto i te mahi o te ara momo rerekē, i te whakatakiruatanga o rawa ratou (kotiro ahua huaina koroka, tamariki - Kouros).

Apollo Teneysky

Teneyskogo whakapakoko o Apollo ko te rongonui tino o tau Whatahoro katoa o tenei wā. Just mohio he inaianei ratou he tatini torutoru. Kei te hanga te reira o te mapere. whakaaturia ana Apollo te rite te tangata taitama ki ona ringa ki raro, e kumu maihao ki ringa. whakatuwheratia whānui ona kanohi, a ka kitea tona mata te malimali tawhito, angamaheni o te whakairo, no ki tenei wā.

tau wahine

Images o wahine me ngā kōtiro ngā makawe he mawhatu, kakahu roa, engari ki etahi o te nuinga o te huatau, me te rārangi maeneene, te whakatinanatanga o te aroha noa, wahinetanga.

nohoia whakairo Kariki tawhito etahi disproportion schematically. Ia mahi, i runga i te tahi atu te ringa, whakamutua ātaahua kare me te tapatahi. Hoki te taitahi hoatu i roto i te ahua o te iwi te āhuatanga, rite kua tuhia e matou, he hawhe-ataata, homai nei ratou i te hohonu me te mea ngaro.

Kei tenei ra i roto i te Berlin State Museum "te atua ki te pamekaranete" Ko tetahi o nga whika, te pai ka ora taua i roto i te tahi atu whakairo tawhito a. A, no te te "he" hanganga me ringa roughness waho image, tīrama whakamana e te kaituhi, ngā te aro o kaimätakitaki. Ko tino whakaputa me te hihiri tohu whakaputa o te hanga i te whakairo.

"Kouros o Piraeus"

"Kouros i Piraeus 'kei roto i te whare taonga Atene - i muri mai, hanga kupu atu tino, i hanga e te toi tawhito. I mua ia tatou ko te kuao marohirohi kaha. ngā tohu ringa me te honga iti o te matenga whakaaro te whakahaere, e arata'i ia. E kore e ofatiraa kia glaring o hanganga. whakairo Kariki tawhito, rite matou kua whakahuatia, kua āhuatanga whānui. Heoi, e kore te mea rite kite rite i roto i te mahi e pā ana ki te wā tuauri wawe tenei ahua.

wā matarohia

wā Classical - te wa i te 5 ki te rau tau 4 BC. Kua pehia nga mahi o te whakairo Kariki tawhito i tenei wa etahi huringa, e ka korero matou ki a koutou. I roto i nga kaiwhakairo o tenei wā, ko Regiysky tetahi o nga whika tino rongonui o Pythagoras.

Āhuatanga o whakairo Pythagoras

Hoki e āhuatanga ona fakatupú i talena me liveliness, ko reira i te wa auaha. E whakaaro ētahi mahi o tenei kaituhi, he iti maia rawa hoki taua wa (hei tauira, he whakapakoko o te tamaiti, tango atu he otaota). Kua whakaaetia ara Tere me taranata faahiahia te toi ki ako i te tikanga o te au maite e te tikanga o ngā tikanga tātai pāngarau. tahi e ia ratou i runga i te pūtake o te kura taumauri me pāngarau, i i whakaturia e ia ia. Pythagoras, te whakamahi i enei tikanga, whakawakia rerekē te au āhua: te waiata, te hanganga hoahoanga o te tinana tangata. He kura a Pythagoras i runga i te pūtake o te tau. Kei te whakaaro te reira i te turanga o te ao.

Ētahi atu kaiwhakairo o te wā puāwaitanga

wā Puāwaitanga, ki te kahore hoki te ingoa o Pythagoras, a hoatu ana e te ao te tikanga o taua toi rongonui rite Phidias, Myron ko Polycleitus. Ko te mahi o te whakairo tawhito Kariki o te kaituhi ngā te parau tumu whānui e whai ake nei - te whakaatu o te au maite tinana tino me te wairua ataahua karapoti i roto i te reira. Ko he taketake tenei parau tumu, e arahi nga rangatira ngā o te wa i roto i te whakawhanake i ō rātou mau hamaniraa. whakairo Kariki tawhito - te pai o te au maite, me te ataahua.

Miron

mana nui i runga i te toi o Atene rau tau 5 BC. e. Myron mahi i (mahara te Discobolus rongonui hanga o parahi). Tenei ruānuku, pērā Policlet, tatou e korero tonu, pai ki te whakaatu whika i roto i te nekehanga. Hei tauira, i roto i te whakapakoko i runga e pā ana discobolus ki te BC rau 5. e., tuhituhi e ia te tangata taitama ataahua i te wa, ka akina iho e ia ki te maka i te kōpae. takoki te reira a piko tona tinana, nekehanga riro, rite te puna, rite ki te tohatoha. vzbugrilis uaua whakangungua i raro i te kiri ringa rapa retracted. Hanga i te turanga haumaru, te matimati e totohu hohonu ki te onepu. whakairo taua tawhito Kariki (Discobolus). Ko te whakapakoko i maka i roto i te parahi. Heoi, i mua i rongo matou anake te kape mapere hanga i te taketake e te Roma. Ko te pikitia aroaro i raro whakapakoko Minotaur toi mo tenei.

Polycleitus

Ancient Policlet whakairo he te āhuatanga e whai ake nei - i te ahua tangata e tu ana ki te ringa whakaara ki runga ki tetahi waewae toenga tūturu. He ariki taatou tauira ko reira he whakapakoko Doriphor-spearman. Polycleitus i roto i ana mahi rapu ki Force tino honoa ki te wairuatanga, me te ataahua. faauruhia tenei hiahia a ia ki te whakaputa i parauhia "Canon" tona pukapuka, kāore, kihai i ora ki to tatou wa.

Ki tonu o te ora taumaha Policlet whakapakoko. pai ia ki te whakaatu ko te ngä kaitäkaro i roto i te āhua o te okiokinga. Hei tauira, "Spearman" - kaha te tangata hanga nei he ki tonu i te kiritau-. tu ia whakaroau i mua o te minenga. Otiia e kore e he te pateko, angamaheni o whakapakoko Ihipa tahito tenei rangimarie. Kia pehea te ngāwari, me te whakairo hapai tona tangata tinana, Spearman waewae paku piko, neke ki te pakeke rerekē o te take. Te āhua e ka tangohia te reira i te wa iti, a ka tahuri ia tona matenga, a ka taahiraa i mua. he ataahua, tangata kaha, free i wehi, e puritia mai, whakakake i mua i tatou - te ahua o nga mana'o o te Kariki.

Phidias

tika e taea te whakaaro Phidias kaihanga nui, whakairo kaihanga e pā ana ki te BC rau 5. e. E i taea e ki te whiwhi i te hinganga tino o te makanga parahi ia. Kua Phidias 13 nga wahi whakairo whakarewa ki te riro i te whakapaipai tika o te temepara o Apollo i Delphi. E pā ana ki te maha o nga mahi o tenei ariki Ko te hoki he whakapakoko o te Athena wahine i roto i te Parthenon, ko tona roa e ko 12 mita. Kei te hanga te reira o te rei me te koura. ingoa tenei tikanga o te whakapakoko i chrysene-Elephantine.

I roto i te whakairo o tenei ariki te rawa kitea te meka e te atua Kariki - enei he whakaahua o te tangata pai. Mai i nga mahi o Phidias, te tiaki pai o te 160-mita mapere tiketike manawa tāhei rīpene katoa, e whakaatu ana te ropu o te atua Athena, ahu ki te temepara Parthenon.

Statue o Athena

Tino pakaru whakairo o te temepara. Ngaro i roto i te tawhito "Athena Parthenos". tu tenei ahua i roto i te temepara. hanga Phidias reira. He whakairo Kariki tawhito o Atene te āhuatanga e whai ake nei: tona matenga ki te kauwae a tawhio me maheni rae iti me ringa, me te kaki i hanga o rei, me potae, whakangungu rakau, te kakahu me te huruhuru - i ngā rau o te koura.

Mai i tenei ahua e tika ana he maha ngā kōrero. Na rongonui, me te nui, ko tenei faahiahia e tonu i Phidias, he ope o te iwi hae nei i whai ki te faariri i te toi, i rapu nei mo te take ki te whakapa he ki a ia o tetahi mea. Tenei ruānuku, hei tauira, te whakawakia e i huna e ia te koura tikanga mo te whakairo o Athena. Phidias ki te whakamatau ka mau tona harakore i nga taonga katoa koura i te whakapakoko, a paunatia ratou. Ïa orua ki te taimaha homai ki a ia o te koura. Na ka ka whakawakia te toi o te karakia. Shield o Athena ko te take o tenei. whakaatu te reira i te scene o te pakanga o te Kariki me Amazons. tuhituhi Phidias ia i roto i nga Kariki, me Pericles. tūmatanui Kariki, ahakoa nga whakatutukitanga katoa o tenei ariki, tonu ātete reira. mutu mahia nanakia te ora o te toi.

E kore e ngaio whakatutuki Phidias whakairo i hanga i roto i te Parthenon. Na, hanga ana e ia te ahua o Athena Promachos o parahi, i hanga a tawhio noa 460 BC. e. nga Acropolis.

Statue o Hupita

E Phidias haere mai rongo pono i muri i te hanga i tenei ariki o te whakapakoko o Hupita mo te temepara, kei nei i roto i Olympia. Ko te tiketike o te ahua 13 mita. E rave rahi hōtuhi kāore kihai tiaki, kua ora anake ratou whakaahuatanga me kape. I roto i te tikanga maha i whakatairangatia ana tenei i te whakangaromanga pūkeke o mahi o toi i Karaitiana. Ehara i ora, me te whakapakoko o Hupita. Ka taea te whakaahuatia te reira e whai ake: ahua 13-mita e noho i runga i te torona koura. Kua oti te karauna atua upoko o manga oriwa, i ko te tohu o tona aroha o te rangimarie. Aaka, ringa, pokohiwi, me te mata i hanga o rei. kopaki Hupita koroka ki runga tona pokohiwi maui. Pahau me karauna - o te amipere koura. He pera ano te whakairo Kariki onamata, whakaahuatia poto. Te āhua e te Atua, ki te riro ake ia, ka tapawha ana pokohiwi, e kore e uru i roto i tenei whare nui - e te reira i te tuanui iti.

wā Kariki

Ngā wāhanga o te whanaketanga o te whakairo Kariki tawhito oti te Kariki. Tenei wā - te wa i roto i te hītori o Kariki tawhito ki te 4 ki te BC rau 1. ko tonu Sculpture i te wa te whakaaro matua o te whakapaipai o ngā hanganga hoahoanga. Ko reira kitea ano puta whakaata i roto i te huringa kāwanatanga.

Ko te whakairo i te wa kotahi o nga momo matua o toi, i roto i te tua, i reira ko tetahi huinga o tohutohu me ngā kura. vai ratou i roto i Rhodes, Perekamu, Alexandria. Ko te mahi pai i tukuna e enei kura, whakaata nga raruraru e māharahara i hinengaro o te wā o te iwi. Enei whakapakoko, i roto i te rerekē ki te faaotiraa marino puāwaitanga, kawe he pathos ngākau, te ahotea aronganui, akiaki.

Kei te te tikanga te mana kaha o te Te Tai Rāwhiti i te toi katoa āhuatanga e tawhito Kariki mutunga. He āhuatanga hou o whakairo tahito Kariki, maha kōrero, vevete i fakaofoofa, koki matatini. Te hanahana, me te hau ô Talafungani ngākau me te emotionality o te Te Tai Rāwhiti.

Thermes Kei roto i te whare taonga Roma "Afrodita Kirenskaya" tonu o hiahia taikaha, te tetahi coquetry.

"Laocoön me tana tama"

Nuinga whakairo e pā ana ki taua taitahi ngā mohiotia - "Laokoon me Tama", hanga Agesander o Rhodes Rhodes. Kei te puritia tenei faahiahia i teie nei i roto i te Vatican Museum. Polya hanganga whakaari, me kōrero te wahi emotionality. Te aito ko ana tama, kaha whakakeke tonoa nakahi Athena rite ki te mōhio o ratou aitua e wehingia ana. Ki tenei whakairo pū faahiahia i hanga. whika kiko, me te kirihou. hanga te mana'o kaha e te mata pūāhua.

E toru toi nui

I roto i nga mahi o whakairo no ki te BC rau 4. e., kei te ora taua te pai humanistic, engari riro i te wa ano te kotahitanga o te kaimahi harangotengote. Ngaro i te tikanga o te tini o te ora, me te tapatahi o te perception o te ao o te whakairo Kariki tawhito me ratou kaituhi. rangatira nui e noho ana i roto i te BC rau 4. e., whakarato te heheu mai tafa'aki hou o te toi o te ao wairua. Kei te tino mārama whakahuatia tenei titauraa e toru kaituhi tenei - Lysippos, Praxiteles ko Scopas.

Scopas

ko Scopas te ahua tino rongonui i roto i te tahi atu kaiwhakairo nei mahi i te wa. I roto i tona toi manawa feaa hohonu, pakanga, manukanuka, hihiko weriweri, me te. mahi tenei taketake o te motu o Paros i roto i nga pa maha i runga i te rohe o Kariki. Hinganga o tenei kaituhi whakaurua i roto i te whakapakoko i huaina "nika, Samofrakiyskaya". Kua tēnei ingoa kua riro i roto i te mahara o te wikitoria i roto i 306 BC. e. Rhodes Fleet. eke ana tēnei ahua te i runga i te turanga, haamana'oraa o ihu o te kaipuke hoahoa.

te aroaro o "Kanikani maenad" Scopas i roto i te tirohanga hihiri me te matatini.

Praxiteles

Te kore i auaha Praxiteles whakairo. waiata ahau i tenei kaituhi ataahua titorehanga o te tinana, me te hari o te ora. koa Praxiteles rongo nui, he whai taonga. kawea mai te toi tino rongonui tenei whakapakoko o Aphrodite, hanga ana e ia ki te motu o Knidos. Ko ia te tuatahi i roto i te ahua toi Kariki o te atua e noho tahanga ana. Ataahua Phryne, te Thais rongonui, rangatira o Praxiteles, i mahi rite he tauira mo te whakapakoko o Aphrodite. Kua tēnei kotiro kua whakawakia o kohukohu, a ka whakatikaia ai i miharo hoki te ataahua o nga kaiwhakawa. Praxiteles he kaiwaiata o ataahua wahine, i kororia nga Kariki. Kia aroha mai, mohiotia nga kape anake ki a tatou Aphrodite o Hiniru.

Leochares

Leochares - ariki o Athens, te nui rawa o to'utangata Praxiteles. Tenei toi, mahi i roto i ngā polis Hellenic, hanga scenes pūrākau me whakapakoko o te atua. oti ana ia ia e rave rahi whakaahua o whakapakoko i roto i te tūāhua chrysene-Elephantine, e tohu ana i te mau melo o te utuafare o Piripi, te Makeronia kingi. I muri i taua, ka ia marae toi Aleksandra Makedonskogo, tana tama. I tenei wa i hanga Leochares Apollo whakapakoko, he mea tino rongonui i roto i te tawhito. Kua oti i tiaki te reira i roto i te kape mapere i hanga e nga Roma, ka i te ingoa ao rongo Apollona Belvederskogo. Leochares i roto i ana mahi katoa whakaatu tikanga virtuosic.

I muri i te kingitanga o Aleksandra Makedonskogo Kariki era ko te wā o te puāwaitanga tere o Portraiture. Whakatū whakapakoko i roto i te tapawhā o nga pa o rerekē kaikōrero, kaitito, philosopho, tianara, statesmen. hiahia rangatira ki te tiki i te ahua tata, me te ki te ahotea i te puka o ngā rārangi, tahuri ki te whakapakoko angamaheni o te whakaahua.

Ētahi atu kaiwhakairo me ratou mahi

ka whakairo Puāwaitanga tauira o mahi ngā o toi e mahi i roto i te tau Kariki. Mārama kitea i roto i nga mahi o taua wa megalomania, e ko, ki te hiahia kawe i te whakapakoko e hiahiatia ana ki te rahi o te whakapakoko nui. Rawa maha puta reira ka hanga whakairo o atua Kariki. Whakapakoko atua Helios ko te tauira pirimia. Kei te hanga te reira o te parahi tataitia, tu ana i te tomokanga ki te whanga o Roro. Ko te whakairo - 32 mita. mahi ahau ki runga ki taua mea mo te 12 tau, te rohirohi ore, hares, he tauira o Lysippos. tangohia tēnei mahi o te toi kua runga i te wahi e tika ana o te kororia i roto i nga mea whakamiharo o te rārangi ao.

E rave rahi o te whakapakoko i muri i te hopu o te wikitoria Roma o Kariki tahito i kaweake waho te whenua. whakairo kore anake, engari ano hoki masterpieces o te peita, huihui whare pukapuka Ingarangi, me te tahi atu tūemi ahurea i tukua e te taua e pa ana. E rave rahi te iwi e mahi ana i roto i te mara o te mātauranga me te pūtaiao, i riro. I roto i te ahurea tawhito Roma kupu tu'ati, i te pānga nui i runga i tona whanaketanga, te āhuatanga rerekē o Kariki.

mutunga

O te akoranga, te wā rerekē o te whanaketanga kua riro e na roto i Ancient Greece, hanga ratou whakatikatika i roto i te hanganga o te whakairo, engari kotahi te mea tahoê te toi no ki wā rerekē - te hiahia ki te taa i te toi o spatiality, te aroha o te faaiteraa i te tikanga o ngā tikanga o te whakairo tinana tangata. whakairo Kariki Ancient, he whakaahua i homai nei ki runga ake, kāore, kua ora wāhanga anake. E mea pinepine i mahi rite rauemi mō tau mapere, ahakoa tona fragility. Anake i roto i tenei ara ko reira taea ki te kawe i te ataahua me te huatau o te tinana tangata. Parahi, ahakoa ko atu rauemi pono, me te pai, nui iti whakamahia.

whakairo tawhito Kariki me peita taketake, me te ngā. tauira Various o toi hoatu he whakaaro o te ora i te pae varua o te whenua.