Whakarōpū i kōwhao Black: te whakaahuatanga, te tohu o te piha haapiiraa, me te maimoatanga

Caries - he mate e wehingia ana. Otiia kua whakawhanakehia tākuta he ara tōtika ki te mahi ki tenei mate. He aha te mea te whakarōpū o kōwhao e Black? Whakaaroa tenei pātai i roto i te taipitopito atu.

te pirau ki niho

"Kōwhao" Ko whakamāoritanga Latin rite "pirau". Tenei tukanga pathological manganga sluggishly e rerengia ana i roto i te kopa pakeke o te niho. Ko te tikanga e faatupu te reira e tika ana ki te pānga ngā o take roto, o waho kino.

I te wāhanga tuatahi o te pirau i whakaritea e te whakangaromanga o te kopu waro o te tohu, me te demineralization wāhi ona wahi pararopi. Tawhito pakeke pirau kiko niho, puta te kōhao i roto i te dentin. Ki te kore e rapu i te manawanui tauturu a te taote no te te wa roa, i reira kia kia pōauautanga o te periodontal inflammatory me penupenu.

Ko te putanga tuatahi

He aha te mea te whakarōpū o Black? Tenei whakarōpū ngā carious i runga i te mata niho. I whakaurua te reira i roto i 1896 ki te whakatau i te paerewa o te rongoā i roto i ia take haumanu.

Tenei whakarōpū ngā rima akomanga, ia o nei kua whakawhanakehia ona ake kaupapa whakakī me te faaineineraa o te niho. A iti i muri mai, kua tenei pūnaha kua tapiritia ki te ono o te kōeke. I teie mahana, rite tenei titiro reira:

• Ko te piha haapiiraa tuatahi - caries moko He whati, poka, me kōwhao tūturu buccal, ngaungau me papa niho palatine (caries moko).
• Tuarua - tūkino i te papa whakapā o te molars me premolars.
• Ko te tuatoru - te whakapā caries mata canines me incisors, e kore e pa ki te taha tapahi.
• kōeke tuawha - taonga incisors pirau me canines, faainoino irava o te mata kotinga.
• caries waha - A pae. I roto i tenei take, huna nga papa vestibular o te rōpū niho te.
• kōeke tuaono - kino, whakanohoia ki runga ki nga taha tapahi o nga canines me incisors, premolars me molars pukepuke.

Ko te putanga tuarua

kanohi Whakarōpū Black o caries localization te i roto i te maha o ngā putanga. Ko te whakarerekētanga tuarua ko e whai ake:

• Ko te piha haapiiraa tuatahi ngā kino e tata ana te moko (sulci tūturu).
• Tuarua - niho pirau, i puta i runga i nga rererangi nui me molars iti.
• Ko te tuatoru - te roha o te mata whakapā o canines me incisors ki tiaki taha tapahi.
• A maha - caries honotanga papa o incisors me canines ki taha tapahi whati.
• Te rima ngā kino waha.

Ko te putanga tuatoru

Whakarōpū i Blake he ingoa hoki tona putanga tuatoru. I teie mahana, Ko reira e whai ake:

• Ko te piha haapiiraa tuatahi ngā kino i roto i te rohe o poka tūturu me kapiti o niho.
• puta te whārua i runga i nga mata whakapā o te molars iti, me te nui - te tuarua.
• Ko te piha haapiiraa tuatoru - kōhao whakanohoia ki runga ki nga papa whakapā o te canines me incisors (kore te tapahi mata pa).
• A maha - kakari putanga i te rererangi hononga canines me incisors (whakaarahia tapahi mata me koki).
• A pae - te kōhao i hanga i roto i te rohe o nga kaki o nga niho o nga ngā kāwai katoa.
• I muri i hanga ai te kōeke tuaono, i whakarōpūtia nei rite Tuhinga mohiotia o kukū: puke o ngaungau me tapahi taha o nga niho mua.

WHO

Na, ka kitea e matou e te whakarōpū taua o kōwhao e Black. WHO tuku ona ake ahua. ICD 10, rite tenei titiro reira:

• pirau o niho i tohu;
• tūkinotia dentin;
• whakangaromanga o sima;
• whāwehe, mutu rite ki te hua o te pānga e wā haumaru me te akuaku;
• odontoklaziya, ai te ngaro o niho pakiaka rākau;
• tetahi atu whāwehe;
• pirau unadjusted.

Ko te hohonu o te lesion

I roto i te meka, kua kitea rite ki whakarōpū o Black tona tono i roto i te ao. Na roto i te tohu o te whakangaromanga caries wehea ki te whai i ēnei:

• whāwehe tuatahi;
• mata tauwhatinga;
• caries reo;
• pirau hohonu.

I te wāhanga tuatahi o te whanaketanga o caries i runga i te niho mata he poke pouri ma ranei. Heoi, i tohu ko te mata maheni, mai te whakangaromanga kikokiko ano. poke puta nekehia atu e ngā tākuta o taputapu niho. remineralizing ratou niho, e ngana ana ki te ārai i te whanaketanga o te mate muri.

I roto i te taahiraa i muri mai e huna nga papa o runga puta i tohu whakautu ki te huringa pāmahana koi o te wai me te kai, me te kai ano waikawa me te raukikini. niho Tuhinga o hoko taratara. I tenei wāhi, i orohina kaiwhakaako te wahi i pangia, a ka tona remineralization. I te tahi taime tukinotia caries ausia ki te faaineineraa, me te whakakī.

Whakaae whakarōpū o niho kikokiko hē pakeke e Black ko te taputapu pai hoki niho. A he aha te mea he caries waenganui? I roto i tenei wā, ngaro te kahu tohu o te niho e kia e tetahi te mamae tūturu taratahi ranei. I roto i tenei take, kua tae kē te tukanga whāwehe te kahu o runga o te dentin.

Ehara i Koinei, e rapu nga niho wawaotanga hauora herea, i roto i nei te tākuta tango te wahi i pangia, a whakahokia ana e ia ki te awhina o te rauemi taatiraa.

Na inaianei titiro caries hohonu. āhuatanga tēnei mate te whakangaromanga faahiahia o te kopa niho, kua pāngia nei te nuinga o te dentin. Ki te i tenei wā ki te tau'a ore maimoatanga, taea penupenu te ngaro. Ka rite ki te hua, kia whakawhanake i te manawanui pulpitis periodontitis ranei.

faaineineraa kōhao. whākinga

Whakarōpū i Pereki i hanga te pūtake o te maimoatanga niho. kawea faaineineraa kōhao i roto i te rima ngā wāhanga. ako tatou i nga ture taketake i runga i te tauira o te piha haapiiraa tuatahi o kōwhao, e whakaarohia ana te tākuta rongonui.

I te wāhanga tuatahi e kawea ai i roto i o te whakatuwheratanga kōhao. haamata te faaineineraa niho ki te taha tango podrytymi tohu i waho i raro i te hauora, matūniho mātotoru. Ko te hua ko te taiepa pari. Tau motuhia kikokiko e whakapumautia e whakatau i te dentin whāwehe ruma. I tenei wā, me te whakarato i te rata whai wāhi ki te tirohanga pai o te kōhao me tona tukatuka atu.

Doctors whākinga hua i ni'a i porohita moko ranei hanga o taimana carbide timahia ranei. hāngai Tool diameter ki te rahi o te piata tāuru o te hikinga. Tohunga whakamahi i te tohutohu mīhini huri hiko hurihuri i tere tiketike, me te wai-rangi tautauā.

toronga

Kei te whakamahia Whakarōpū o kōwhao e Black mo te wa roa, me te he tino āwhina ki niho i roto i to ratou mahi. He aha te mea te toronga o ārai? I tenei wā tonu reira ki te tāutu i kōhao carious. Ki tenei mahi, tamata te tākuta ki te aukati i te pirau niho recurrent. i waho Specialist ngā otinga kōhao āhua.

Me kï reira e, i roto i runga i te tikanga o "rationality koiora" I. G. Lukomskogo, rawa i te whakarite i tenei taahiraa te kore whakamana.

Ki te arahina te taote e te hangarau, haumaru reaming Black, hua reira he excision tuwhena o ngā wāhi i haria ki te pirau, ki ngā wāhi ārai. Ko te roha o caries faahohonuraa kupu whakamana ranei i ni'a i moko maaro (carbide taimana ranei). whakamahia te wā kotahi wai-rangi tautauā.

whakarato niho whakarōpū Blake whakakī ārai, i te tikanga o nei heke te mate o te hanganga niho hauora i roto i te manureva occlusal. Ki te nekehia atu te rohe o te kōhao carious te, motuhia kikokiko hemo katoa te moko anake i roto i te tohu. He nonclassic te raro o te hikinga i roto i tenei tauira - porotaka ranei ka marere atu.

I roto i whakakite i te moko e kore e te tākuta tango i te nui nui o te kikokiko: he mea nui ki te mahia te hohonu haehae 1-1.5 mm me te whanui 0.7-0.8 mm o o, i waho whakarerea i te rohe i tohu. Reira mawehe hoki te hanganga o koi tapa.

I roto i to tatou whenua, kia rite ki te tikanga, mo te excision o piere, (fissurotomii) whakamahi i ni'a i porotakaroa kuiti. I te tahi taime kawea tenei mahi i roto i te tao me ngā akoako plamevidnymi.

necrosectomy

Ko te atamira i muri ko te tango o caries - necrectomy. Ko te tākuta tango nga caries dentin fakavaivaí, me te pigmented o te hikinga. whakangaromanga Rohe me te demineralization ki te wāhi morphological o tirohanga, whakakorea tenei taahiraa te. Kua hanga nga rohe o nga pito rawa i roto i te rohe o te dentin mārama rai.

hanganga

Next, te rata homai te kōhao i te āhua e whai wāhi ana ki te whakamau pono o te hiri. kia whakarato te reira i rawaka ātete ki te niho ora me te kaha i kawenga mahi. I tenei wā, i hanga te whakamutunga takiwa roto, ki waho o te kōhao.

hanga te hikinga te moko, plamevidnymi, koeko pea-āhua me i ni'a i (carbide me taimana) ki kōwhiringa tautauā wai-rangi. hanga te mātanga mīhini huri hiko piringa mauringa ki takahuri i tere tiketike. whiwhi te āhua e hiahiatia ana o te hikinga i roto i te tirohanga o te resistance me te pupuri.

I oti i

I muri te tukanga carbide taimana ranei i ni'a i tohu mata hikinga riro ānau āhua, kua ngoikore reira, te reira whakapā poro ngaro ki te papanga raro. I roto i te heke mai kia tauturu i te reira ki te huri i te whakatika hiri me te whanaketanga o ngā tukanga putrefactive. Enei onäianei ka tika oti i - tapa machining whakamutunga o te kōhao, ka rite ki te hua o nei me mole pakaru wāhanga o tohu.

Ka rite ki te hua, ki te tākuta te whakatutuki i te pāhekoheko pai me te pono o te pai i waenganui i te hanganga niho me te whakakī. kawea ana tēnei mahi i roto i 16 me 32 i ni'a i mutunga Granite upoko taimana pai-baked ranei.

akoako Physicians mahi i tere iti, kahore te pēhanga e hiahiatia ana te wai-rangi tautauā. E tukinotia ano ratou ki te kuku mata hikinga tawhē gingival me maripi tohu, te tango i te kahu waho kikokore o te niho, me te hāunga te pānga kino taea runga reira pukā, wiri, me te tahi atu āhuatanga.

Ka rite ki a koutou e taea te kite, maimoatanga niho he rawa he tukanga uaua, engari ki te i roto i te wa ki te kite i te tākuta mo tokoni, ka taea e tatou te pupuri i te ataata Hollywood mō tau ki te haere mai.