Whakarōpū o tikanga o te matauranga pūtaiao

Tikanga i roto i te tikanga whānui ko te pūnaha o ngā tikanga motuhake tikanga ranei e taea te tono i roto i tetahi rohe o te ora o te tangata mo te whakatutukitanga o ona mahi pāpori.

Hei tauira, te tikanga o te pūtaiao kua rangahau i te whanaketanga o te matauranga pūtaiao me tona hanganga, me te he ahua o tika o nga hua o enei akoranga. I tua atu, i te whānuitanga o te tikanga o te pūtaiao, ko ki te ako i te tikanga me ngā puka o te whakatinanatanga o te matauranga riro ki mahi.

Tetahi tikanga tā pūnaha matatini o ture, etahi parau tumu me ngā whakaritenga e whakatau te akoranga o te mahi o te kaupapa ngā i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i te whakaaro ngā.

Whakarōpū o tikanga o te matauranga pūtaiao heke te ki te ariā o te matauranga huarahi maha, e ngā te rōpū matua e whai ake nei.

1. tikanga taumauri. Tenei momo o tikanga pā te mita tikanga o pūtaiao matauranga, me te aahuatanga o. Ko te tino pai-mohiotia, tikanga whānui o te matauranga pūtaiao tenei. I tua atu ki te runga ake, ngā tātari (angamaheni o rapunga analytic hou), phenomenological, hermeneutic me pūmanawa nga tikanga taumauri.
2. General huarahi pūtaiao me tikanga rangahau.
3. tikanga Motuhake (chastnonauchnogo) ako.
4. tikanga faatitiaifaroraa o te matauranga pūtaiao.
5. Methods o rangahau whitinga.

Whakarōpū o tikanga o te matauranga pūtaiao i roto i te horopaki o te huarahi taumauri ki te ako o ona ture taketake, maha whakamahi reira he huarahi mita ki te raruraru.

Dialectics, i roto i te tahuri, kua wehea ki ngā momo taketake toru. Ko te tuatahi ko te dialectic onamata, i huaina "māhorahora, me te kuware" no te mea ko tona tautohe wheako anake te ao nei. kaiwhakarewa postulate mohiotia o dialectics tahito o Heraclitus, e kiia ana e "rere katoa, huringa katoa." Ko tētahi atu māngai o tenei momo o te matauranga pūtaiao ko Platon i tona matauranga o te dialectic o toi i ki te whai wāhi i roto i te kōrero. tamata Zeno ki te hoatu i te whakamāramatanga o te totohe tūturu i roto i te arorau o ngā ariā.

Ano, ko te whakarōpū o tikanga o te matauranga pūtaiao e hāngai ana i runga i te dialectic puāwaitanga Tiamana rite te tikanga taumauri. I whakawhanakehia tēnei puka o dialectics e Hegel, Kant, Schelling, Fichte - philosopho Tiamana nei i hanga te takoha faufaa ki te whanaketanga o tenei pūtaiao.

dialectics Materialist - toru nga momo o te dialectic - ko te pūnaha o ngā tirohanga, ngā kāwai, ture me te mau parau tumu o te Talafungani o Marxism.

tikanga mita o te matauranga pūtaiao o te ao totohe i, mai te mea tonu te ao tūturu i roto i te nekehanga, te whanake, haere i puka ora tetahi ki tetahi, nga ariā katoa me ngā kāwai e pā ana ki tenei akiakinga o te ao whāinga, me kia nanakia, ngāwari, whakaata te kotahitanga me te pakanga ātete kāwai o te ao, ki te kia hono ki te nuinga tika whakaata mooni.

Hoatu e pā te whakarōpū o nga tikanga o te matauranga pūtaiao ki tino ao katoa o te oraraa o te taata, te ōrite pai tono ai i roto i te pāpori, ōhanga me te ao tōrangapū o te ora tangata.

Hoki te parau tumu mita tano, te tuatahi o te katoa, historicism tītohunga - e ko, mātakitaki ako o te tumu parau i roto i tona kaupapa tamau me te whanaketanga. Ko hoki te parau tumu o te hohonu te whakaaro nui i roto i te dialectic. I tua atu, te mau parau tumu pērā i te pū, objectivity, te parau tumu o te whakateka, te tono hoki determinism ki te mau parau tumu faufaa o te tikanga mita o ako te ao, me te e whakamahia ki te ako ari, ngā, ngā i roto i to ratou taatoaraa.