Whakarōpū o tikanga o te rangahau hinengaro i roto i te pūtaiao hou

whakamahi katoa pūtaiao etahi tikanga o tūhuratanga, kua wehea ratou ki tikanga whānui e he angamaheni o te nuinga o sciences, me raima, e kua whakamahia e te Tikanga takitahi. hangaia Whakarōpū o tikanga o te rangahau hinengaro te ki te hanganga me te whakarite i te momo o ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana ki te kawe i ngā tikanga issledovaniy.Obschenauchnye hinengaro e whakamahia i roto i tata katoa pūtaiao. enei OV Klimenko me ētahi atu ngā:

1) tātaritanga - te pohewa ki o te tītohunga i runga i te āhuatanga takitahi whanaunga ranei;

2) kōtuitanga - he pūhui o ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te rōpū, te āhuatanga ahanoa i roto i te hinonga kotahi;

3) arataki - puka o te hīkaro arorau i roto i te aronga, hei tauira, i ki whakatau katoa i meka takitahi ki ahuwhānui te kanohi;

4) tangohanga - hīkaro i te whānui ki te ngā, i te whakawa whānui ki ngā whakatau;

5) whakatauira - te whakakapinga o te ahanoa tūturu o te ako kaupapa-whakakapi (tauira), e kei te āhuatanga, hononga, rōpū, te ako i te ahanoa;

6) tikanga hypothetical - te kōharinga i runga i te tangohanga e o whakapae pūtaiao i roto i te tikanga ki te whakamārama etahi ari;

7) he tikanga pūnahanaha - e pā ana ki te āhuatanga hanga o nga interconnections pūnaha e hanga ake te ahanoa;

8) waihanga anō i te - tikanga, me te hanganga tītohunga;

9) ariā tikanga pūtaiao.

Ko te tikanga matua o te rangahau hinengaro ngā:

he) kōtuitanga - whakawhitinga hinengaro i te tātari tëtehi o nga taonga takitahi o te taumata teitei o te oti'a i te tiki āhuatanga noa, i te hunga i roto i te ahanoa whakaaro;

b) whakaōkawa - hua tikanga whakaaro i roto i ngā ariā whakaaro tangohia whakahuatia i roto i te tātai puka tohu ranei, aha noa;.

c) oti'a - he tikanga o te matauranga pūtaiao, e hāngai ana i runga i te hanganga o te whakapakoko o te ahanoa tūturu i te tikanga o te āhuatanga wehe hinengaro e hiahia kairangahau.

Ka taea te wehea tikanga motuhake o rangahau hinengaro, me te pāpori ki 4 ngā rōpū:

Whakahaere metody.Empiricheskie (issedovatelskie) .Metody tikanga obrabotki.Obyasnitelnye tauanga (tikanga o tikanga) .Klassifikatsiya tikanga rangahau hinengaro, e ngā mahi whakahaere, tae atu ki:

he) whakatairite (tikanga o ngā wāhanga ripeka) Ko e i roto i te faanahonahoraa o te rangahau, tango rōpū rerekē o ngā kaupapa rite ki ngā paearu (e hāngai ana i runga i tau, tikanga o te whakangungu me te mātauranga), a ka whakahaere rangahau, me te e whakaritea raraunga i roto i te rōpū kua tīpakohia e kotahi paearu;

b) te tikanga roa - he ako ahopou o te ako roa o te kāwai taua o kaupapa;

c) tikanga matatini. He hōhonu (rangahau) tikanga i roto i nga tikanga o te whiwhi raraunga pūtaiao.

Methods tëtehi o rangahau hinengaro pāpori ngā kohikohi mōhiohio i roto i mātakitaki, whakamātau, whakamātautau. arotahi kitea te ka whakaritea fariiraa hinengaro ari me titau kairangahau:

1) take waihanga;

2) te tā ake te mahere - he raupapa o ngā kitenga;

3) te faaineineraa o te hōtaka e kitea te;

4) te hiahia ki te whakawhanake i tētahi pūnaha o tirotiro;

5) raraunga warea kitea;

6) Ko te tauanga tukatuka, te tātari me te whakamārama o te hua o te mātakitaki. Kitea ai te whakauru, ka manatōpū, i waho, me te roto, huna me te tuwhera.

Hei tauira, mā te aroturuki i te nui o te aro e taea e koe te ako i ētahi āhuatanga o te rokiroki, ngākau. Ko rerekē i te tikanga o te kitea kua e kua te experimenter kaha i roto i rite ki te kairangahau-kaimātakitaki te whakamātau. hanga te experimenter nga tikanga e ka meinga te āhuatanga e anaanatae ia. Ko rerekē i te whakamātautau e titiro te hononga o ngā raraunga i runga i tona kaupapa, i runga i te rerekētanga o ona modalities rānei i te whakamātau.

Ka taea e te whakamātau hei taiwhanga me taukiri tūturu me te take i. pā hoki Whakarōpū o tikanga o te rangahau hinengaro i roto i te pā ana ki ngā tikanga atu rangahau, e ngā: whakahaere, ngā mahi tātari hua, uiuinga, te faaineineraa o pätai, tikanga aro mātai tohunga, te whānui o ngā āhuatanga motuhake, tikanga haurongo, sociometry, referentometriyu.

Whakarōpū o tikanga o te rangahau hinengaro i runga i te tikanga whakamārama (tikanga o tikanga) hanga reira taea ki te tohatoha:

he) tikanga iranga - tirohia te āhuatanga i roto i te ara o tona takenga me te whanaketanga i roto i ontogenesis;

b) tikanga hanganga.

he pūnaha whakarōpū noa taua taea ki a koe te whiriwhiri tōtika tetahi te tahi atu tikanga o te rangahau hinengaro ki-rā ko reira i te kau ranei.