Whenua OPEC - dictators utu o te ao

I teie mahana, take o te tangohanga hinu, me te tohatoha anō ko te āhuatanga whakatau i roto i te hanganga o utu ao mō ngā hua me ngā tūemi ki te whakamahi i roto i te haamauraa i te ao o reiti faahitiraa whakawhiti, a tae noa i roto i te tipu heke o te ōhanga o ngā rohe katoa ranei. Na te tūranga tuatahi o te whenua OPEC tākaro i roto i enei tukanga.

History me take mo te hanganga o OPEC

Organization o te Petroleum te Kawemai Whenua, pai mohiotia i roto i te wāhanga Russian rite te Whakahaere o nga whenua - Petroleum te Kawemai Whenua (OPEC), he ona takenga mai i roto i te tau 1960. Na ka whakaritea e 5 whenua ki te whakatū i te anga e e whakahaere i te rōrahi o te hanga me te utu o te oko o te hinu i runga i te hokohoko o te ao. I hainatia te whakaaetanga taua e āhua e rima, ki i meinga Venezuela, Iraq, Hauti Arapia, Iran me Kuwait. I muri mai i piri ratou e rave rahi atu whenua, me te timatanga o te 90 te maha o 13 te mau melo.

I roto i te tekau tau whakamutunga o te rau tau XX, mahue OPEC Ecuador (1992) me Gabon (1994), Heoi, whakahokia te tuatahi tona mema i roto i te 2007. Ko hoki Indonesia tika ki whiriwhiria take ā-ki te whakamutu i to'na ti'araa melo i roto i te whakahaere i te tau 2009. I teie mahana te whakahaere ngā Venezuela, Iraq, Hauti Arapia (te rangatira i roto i rāhui hinu), Iran, Kuwait, Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Qatar, Ripia, te United Arab Emirates ko Nigeria.

Whenua, OPEC, whai waiwai e rua whāinga: te whakatū watea hoki ratou i te whānuitanga utu o te hinu, me te tohatoha anō o hopukia i runga i ona tāwāhi. Otiia i te wa ano, e kore e enei āhua feaa ki te whakamahi i tona kaiārahi ki te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga tōrangapū. He tauira pai o enei mahi ko te whakataki o te rāhui ki te United States i te 1973 e tika ana ki te tautoko kaha o te hou Iharaira i roto i te pakanga Arab-Iseraela. E hehema ki te whakapono i whakapataritari nuinga o nga mōrearea ōhanga o te rau tau rua tekau i mo o te whakahaere ētahi kaitätari.

whenua OPEC whakahaere i te tangohanga o "koura mangu" i runga i te pūtake o ratou ake āhuatanga ōhanga. i tika ai taua mahi no te mea ki te nuinga o te keri me te hinu tāwāhi ko te raina matua hanga hua pūtea o te whenua.

Te kaha me te ngoikore

nga whenua katoa o te OPEC, anga etahi raruraru. Tohunga wehewehe ratou wha kāwai matua: mārō pāpori hurihurihanga o te taupori, backwardness hangarau, te pūnaha whakangungu motu underdeveloped me te whakamahi he kia whiwhi pai.

E ai ki te paerewa o te ora, kua wehea nga whenua OPEC ki e rua ngā rōpū: te super-taonga, me te rawakore. I roto i te nui-te ora o te kāwanatanga i reira ko te kaimahi o te iwi, i te rawakore - e te maha o te iwi nui rohe whaitake. I roto i tenei whakaaro, i te riro tuatahi haumi nui, me te rua o nga rere i roto i te ti'aturiraa i runga i ngā kaituku ke. Ka taniwha homai tenei wehenga ara ki etahi rerekētanga i roto i te waihanga o ngā rautaki whanaketanga.

Te nuinga arotahi i runga i te hinu, ngaro maha ngā mema o OPEC aroaro o te hiahia ki te whakawhanake i ō rātou ake turanga hangarau. Takitahi, i roto i tenei take i reira e anake Hauti Arapia me te UAE. i taea e i roto i te wa ki te arotahi anō pūtaiao motu i te whakapai ake i te taumata turanga hangarau ēnei whenua. whakawhirinaki te atu Mema States i runga i te awhina o kamupene ke mahi ngätahi i runga i te pūtake o kirimana noa.

Āta puta i te raruraru o mua, puta me te kore o kaimahi tino tohu, e tōtika e whakatinana i te whanaketanga hou me ki arotau tukanga production hinu. Ko te nuinga enei tohunga i ki waho, e maha tutuki pōhēhē i roto i te taupori rohe.

Heoi, ahakoa te raruraru korero, e toru, i reira he tetahi wāhi i tautohetia - te hua i te hoko o te hinu, me ona hua. Ko te euphoria o ratou roa hoki mooni te hawhe tuarua katoa o te rau tau rua tekau. i pau Money te paari ore, a hei utu haumi i roto i te whanaketanga o ētahi atu puna o moni o te pūtea kāwanatanga, i haere ratou i roto i te kaupapa tino Aue. I tenei wa kua puta ke te āhuatanga: i roto i nga whenua rawakore e haumi moni i roto i ngā hōtaka ōhanga me te pāpori (ahakoa e kore e whai hua tonu), taonga - i runga i te whanaketanga o ētahi atu puna o moni.

Organization o - Petroleum te Kawemai Whenua (OPEC) tenei ra tino ko te taputapu kaha mo te whawhe o rua ōhanga me ngā tukanga tōrangapū. Heoi, nga raruraru ā-o āhua - e kore e whai hua whakawhanake ngā mema ratou. ka meinga taua ketanga i roto i te kaha me te ngoikore te mate o te tūranga ārahi i roto i te ahumahi hinu ao, ki te kahore whakakorea.