Writer Boris Zaitsev: biography, auaha

Boris Zaitsev - te kaituhi me te publicist timatanga Russian rongonui o te rau tau XX, mutu tona ora i roto i te whakahekenga atu. mohiotia whānuitia hoki te mahi i runga i ngā kaupapa Karaitiana. Rawa tuhia nga fakaangá, "Te Life o Sergiya Radonezhskogo", i reira te aroaro te kaituhi tona mata o tirohanga i runga i te ora o te tangata tapu.

Boris Zaitsev haurongo

Fanauhia ki te kaituhi pai whānau January 29 (February 10), 1881 i roto i te pa o Orel. maha ka mau a Matua i te Boris iti ki te mahi tahi me ia i runga i nga otaota maunga. Heoi, te nuinga o tona tamarikitanga i runga i te whenua e tata ana Kaluga te utuafare, i muri whakaahuatia Zaitsev tenei wa kia rite ki te kitea āhua oaoa, me te kōrero ki te whānau. Ahakoa te pai-oranga o tona hapu, Zaitsev ka kite i tetahi atu ora - e te pahuatia hanahana, raru whakawhanake wheketere production, āta ringiringi whenua mahue mara kaiahuwhenua, porowini Kaluga. Ka tenei katoa e kitea i muri i roto i tona mahi, e whakaatu ana pēhea te nui, kua pāngia tenei āhuatanga i te tuakiri o te kaituhi heke mai.

i homeschooled Zaitsev 11 tau, a ka ka tonoa e ia ki a Kaluga kura tūturu, i puta ia i roto i 1898. I roto i te taua tau ka tomo ia ki te Institute o Technology Moscow. Heoi, kua i roto i te 1899, waho Zaitsev te i te kura kia rite ki te mema o te pōuri ākonga.

Otiia kua i roto i te 1902, tae Boris K. i te Manga Ture, e, Heoi kahore he pito,. Ko e tika ana ki te meka i mahue te kaituhituhi mo Itari, te wahi i whakaraua atu e ia i te onamata me te toi tenei.

Ko te timatanga o te auahatanga

timata Zaitsev Boris Konstantinovich tuhituhi i tau 17. Kua whakaputaina i roto i te tau 1901 i roto i te moheni "Courier" kōrero "i roto i te ara." mahi ia i 1904 tae noa 1906 i roto i "Pravda" kaituhi. ana kōrero, "Dream" me "Te kohu" i whakaputaina i roto i te buka aamu taua. I tua atu, whakaputaina te "Way New" moheni te aamu "Ka maea ake Silent" pūngāwerewere.

I whakaputaina te kohinga tuatahi o ngā kōrero poto o te kaituhi i roto i te tau 1903. I oti rawa ia ki te whakaahuatanga o te ora o te intelligentsia rangatira, e topa i roto i te wahi mamao, te whakangaromanga o manors, te pahua a mara, ora pa haamou, e wehingia ana.

Kua i te timatanga o tona mahi, i waimarie nui ki te whakatau ki taua kaituhi whai ingoa rite A. P. Chehov me ln Andreev Zaitsev. Ki te Anton Pavlovich whakarau kawea te kaituhi i roto i Yalta i 1900, me te tau i muri mai ka mohio ia ki a Andreev. kaituhi rua i he āwhina nui i roto i te tīmatanga o te mahi tuhituhi Zaitsev.

I tenei wa, ora Boris K. i Moscow, ko te porohita tuhituhi, me te toi, te whakaputa i te hautaka "Dawn", he mema o te Society o Lovers o tuhinga Russian.

Haere ki Itari

I roto i te 1904, Boris Zaitsev mo te wa tuatahi ka tono ki te haerenga ki Itari. Kei te kaha maere tenei whenua i te kaituhi, a muri huaina noa ia te reira i to ratou whare i te pae varua. He rota o te wā pau ia i roto i nga tau i mua i-te pakanga. E rave rahi wheako Italian i hanga te pūtake mo te mahi Zaitseva. Na ka whakaputaina te reira i roto i te 1922 te kohinga i huaina "Raphael", i ngā he raupapa o tuhinga, me mau faaiteraa o Itari.

I roto i te 1912, ka moea e Zaitsev. Aita i maoro roa i ia he tamahine, Natalia.

Te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao

I roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao, puta Boris Zaitsev i whakangungu i roto i te Alexander Military kura. A kotahi mutu February Revolution, i hanga e ia he rangatira. Heoi, ki te mua no te mea o te kakā ia kua kore ka. A ora ia pakanga whenua Pritikin ki tana wahine me te tamahine.

I muri i te whawhai, Zaitsev ki tona whānau hoki ki Moscow, te wahi i whakaritea tonu ia tiamana o te Russian Union o Writers. Ano, kotahi te wā mahi ia i roto i te kaituhi toa ohu.

hekenga

I roto i te 1922, Zaitsev mate ki mua. he nui te mate, a mo te ora ohorere whakatau ia ki te haere ki waho. whiwhi ia i te uruwhenua, me tonoa te tuatahi ki Berlin, a ka ki Itari.

Boris Zaitsev - kaituhi-tangata heke. Ko reira i haamata tenei wa te wā ke i roto i tona mahi. E tenei wa i ite kē ia te mana kaha o te whakaaro taumauri o Berdyaev me Solovyov. Tenei e taui tino te aronga auaha o te kaituhituhi. Ki te mua mahi tukinotia Zaitseva pantheism me peikani, engari inaianei ka mārama takina ratou takotoranga Karaitiana. Hei tauira, te kōrero "Ko te tauira Gold", he kohinga o "Revival", tuhinga i runga i te ora o te hunga tapu "Athos" me "a Paraama" me etahi atu.

Pakanga II o te Ao

I te timatanga o te Pakanga II o te Ao, korero Boris Zaitsev ki ana rātaka, me te tīmata ki te whakaputa i a ratou. Hei tauira, tāngia i roto i "Renaissance" niupepa tona raupapa "ra". Heoi, kua i roto i te 1940, ka nohoia Tiamana France, poroa mau papai katoa Zaitseva. e kore hoki te toenga o te whawhai, e pā ana ki nga mahi a te kaituhi i roto i ngā nūpepa me makasini i mea tetahi. Boris K. ia i noho i roto i o tōrangapū, me te whawhai. Kia patua Germany i, hoki ana ia ki te kaupapa karakia, me te taumauri taua, a ka whakaputa i te pūrākau "Kingi Rawiri" i roto i te tau 1945.

Ko te tau whakamutunga o te ora me te mate

"Thought Russian" i roto i te 1947 Zaytsev Boris Konstantinovich tīmata ki te mahi i roto i te nūpepa Paris. I roto i te taua tau ka ia tiamana o te Union o kaituhi Russian i France. noho tenei tūranga i muri ia ia tae noa ki nga ra whakamutunga o tona ora. i noa taua fakatahataha i roto i nga whenua Pākehā, i reira heke pūkenga Russian i muri i te revolution tanguru.

I roto i te 1959, ka tīmata ia i te reta ki Boris Pasternak, i te mahi ki te Munich maramataka "Bridges".

I roto i te 1964 whakaputaina e ia te kōrero poto "Te awa o Time" Boris Zaitsev. Ko te mahi whakaputaina whakamutunga o te kaituhituhi tenei, te karauna i tona mahi. I muri ka e whakaputaina reira kaituhi o ngā kōrero poto o te taua ingoa.

Heoi, kihai i ora Zaitsev mutu i reira. I roto i te 1957, i tana wahine mamae he patunga nui, he rāua ki a ia te kaituhi.

kaituhi mate ia i te tau o 91 i roto i Paris January 21, 1972-th. i tanumia tona tinana i roto i te urupā o Saint-Genevieve-des-Bois, te wahi takoto maha manene Russian nei oho ki France.

Boris Zaitsev: pukapuka

Ka taea te wehea Zaitseva auahatanga ki e rua ngā wāhanga matua: doemigrantsky me posleemigrantsky. Ko te tika e kore tenei ki te meka i puta ke te wahi o te noho o te kaituhituhi, me te meka e radically ke te aronga tikanga o ana mahi. Ki te i roto i te wā tuatahi o te kaituhi karanga atu ki te etene me papa whenua pantheistic, whakaahuatia ana e ia te revolution pouri e mau o wairua o te iwi, i roto i te wā tuarua, oti rawa ia tona aro katoa ki kaupapa Karaitiana.

Kia mōhio e he mahi e pā ana i te reira ki te rua te hanga atamira Zaitsev te pai mōhiotia. I tua atu, he mea i roto i whakaraua hei kua te hua tino i roto i te ora o te kaituhi. Na, kua puta ki runga i te tau etahi 30 pukapuka, me te āhua 800 mahi i runga i te whārangi o makasini i whakaputaina.

Ko te nuinga e tika ana ki te meka i arotahi Zaitsev ratou kaha katoa ki te mahi tuhi tenei. Haunga tuhi ana mahi, whai wāhi ia i roto i te nūpepa me te whakamāoritanga. i roto i te 50-doma o te kaituhi hoki ko te mema o te Komihana i runga i te translation o te Faufaa New ki Russian.

He raupapa rongonui "Journey Gleb." Tenei mahi pukapuka mōna i roto i nei whakaahua ana te kaituhi tona tangata tamarikitanga, me te taiohitanga nei i whanau i te wa tino hira mō te Russia. mutu te reira i te ora i roto i te 1930, ka he mōhio o tona hononga ki te kaiwhakaatu tapu Gleb te hero.

"St. Sergiy Radonezhsky"

Ngā ki nga Mo'ui o nga Feia Boris Zaitsev. Sergy Radonezhsky he hero mo ia, te tauira o i whakakitea e ia te faafariuraa o te tangata noa i roto i te tapu. whakahaere Zaitsev ki te waihanga i tētahi whakapakoko atu marama me te ora o te tangata tapu i te whakaahua i te reira i roto i te oraraa o vetahi ê, te kupu te Herekiu mārama kaipānui noa.

Ka taea e tatou te mea e i roto i tenei mahi whakatinana i te titauraa fakalotu o te kaituhi. Zaitsev kitenga ia mo ahau, me pehea e taea te tangata i roto i te hurihanga i te pae varua māmālie riro whakatapu. Te kaituhi ia ia, rite tona hero, haere he torutoru takahanga ki te iteraa o te tapu o te pono, a ka kitea ana hikoinga katoa e i roto i te mahi.