Aileron - he pukapuka urungi. aviating

He aha te mea he aileron? Tenei tikanga aerodynamic mana (urungi pukapuka), e kua rite rawa ki te manureva tikanga ka tīmata i runga i te "parera." Kua Kei te ailerons i runga i te autō awhi mata parirau. E hangaia ratou ki te whakahaere i te koki o te tokonga "manu rino": i te wa o te tono o nga papa mana pukapuka whakakotititia ngā i roto i ngā tohutohu ritenga, pārōnaki. Ki te waka rererangi i tahuri ki te matau, whakahaua te aileron maui whakararo, me te tika - whakarunga, a hurihia.

He aha te mea te parau tumu o te pukapuka urungi? kaha ara heke i roto i taua wahi o te parirau, whakaritea nei i roto i whakaarahia ake aileron mua. He wāhanga o te parirau, whakanohoia nei i mua o te aileron tuku iho, ara piki. Ko te kupu i hanga te he wāhi mana, e whakakē te tere huringa o te rererangi a tawhio noa te tuaka ōrite ki te tuaka wä roa o te mīhini.

kōrero

E tuatahi puta aileron? Kua tēnei pūrere mīharo kua tāuta i Pālesi, hanga i roto i te 1902 e te hou Richardom Persi i Aotearoa. Kia aroha mai, i tona waka mahia tika he rerenga rawa iu me te poto. Te manureva tuatahi, mahia rere rawa ruruku ki te mīhini urungi pukapuka ko 14 bis, hanga e Alberto Santos-Dumont. whakakapi tikanga mana aerodynamic Tuatahi distortion parirau e mahi teina Wright.

Ko te kupu, ko te ako atu aileron. He maha ngā painga tenei pūrere. Ture mata e fakatahai urungi me ngā paki flaperon pukapuka karanga (flaperon). Ki pakoire te mahi o te ailerons ngā paki, ratou tokorua tuku iho ki raro. Hoki pukapuka roa te tapiritia ine mahora mana ki tenei hurihanga pārōnaki ohie.

Hei whakatika i te tokonga o te Ōseni ki te whakaritenga i runga kia hoki te whakamahi whakakē motors pere te pamu, urungi hau, kaipahua, urungi, huringa pokapū o papatipu o te rererangi, pārōnaki displacement o urungi roroa, me te tahi atu fa'amu'amu.

pānga taha

Nahea te aileron? Tenei tikanga-feliliuaki e kua etahi drawbacks. Ko tētahi pānga taha o ona mahi ko te Yaw iti i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, ki te aileron tika ki takahuri te rererangi i te wa o te whakanui ake i te pukapuka e taea te neke paku ki te maui. puta ana tēnei pānga e tika ana ki te rerekētanga i roto i te rou i waenganui i nga awhi parirau maui, me te tika meinga e te huringa o te anga, ka te oscillation aileron.

tau whakarea tō nui e he papatohu parirau, i e whakakotititia aileron iho. I roto i te pūnaha mana o nāianei "manu rino", heke tenei pānga taha e tikanga rerekē. Hei tauira, ki te hanga i tētahi neke pukapuka, aileron i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga, engari i koki taurite.

pānga whakamuri

Whakaae, titau whakahaere rererangi pūkenga. Ko te kupu, e taea te kite i mihini nui-tere ki te parirau tino roa ki te whakataka i te pānga o te papa mana pukapuka. i pehea ia titiro rite?

Ki te te deflection aileron, whakanohoia tata ki te pito o te parirau, i reira kawenga 'Ū everted rererangi parirau me te koki o te whawhai i runga i deviates reira. Taua mau ohipa kia maeneene te pānga whiwhi i te displacement o te aileron, a kia arahi ki nga hua ritenga.

Hei tauira, ki te hiahia koe ki te whakapiki ake i te kaha anga hawhe-parirau, e whakakotititia ana te aileron te whakararo. Next, i te mata autō tīmata mahi kaha wawata maha everted parirau whakamua, me te te heke te koki o te whawhai i runga i taua mea, i te whakaiti i te kaha toronga. I roto i te meka, te pānga o te papa mana pukapuka i runga i te parirau, ka he rite ki te pānga ki runga ki a ratou kuti i te tahatua.

Heoi kitea urungi hokinga whakamuri pukapuka i runga i tokomaha rererangi jet (rawa i runga i te Tu-134). Ratau, te TU-22 e tika ana ki taua pānga whakawhāiti i heke te maha Mach ki 1.4. Ko te tikanga, te ailerons whakahaere kaiurungi ako mo te wa roa. Ko te tikanga tino noa o te ārai whakamuri papa mana pukapuka he ailerons, kaipahua tono (kaipahua e kei tata te pokapū o te rauoro o te parirau, a ki te tuku o ona whakauaua ai te kopikopiko tonu) ranei te tāutanga o atu aileron wāhanga āhua pokapū. Ki te reira ahua tuarua, te waho (whakanohoia e pā ana ki te kūmuri) wira hurihia, te mana e hiahiatia ana mō te hua i kīia e iti, i tiketike atu, ka kawea te mana lateral te roto e ailerons ā e ārai i hokinga whakamuri tika ki rigidity faahiahia o te parirau i he reira i roto i te wāhanga pokapū.

pūnaha whakahaere

Na inaianei titiro ki te rererangi whakahaere. Rōpū waka mahino, whakapūmau i te kaupapa whakatikatikanga "manu maitai" kōrero ki te pūnaha mana. Mai whakanohoia te pairati e i roto i te vahi pailati, a kua kei urungi me ailerons runga i te parirau, me te hiawero o te rererangi, tāuta here mārohirohi i waenganui ia ratou. ngā ona mau ohipa whakarite te tika, noho noa me te kakama o te mana tūnga mīhini.

Ko e mo'oni, ka ruruku te displacement papa e pa ratou piki kaha. Heoi, i tenei e kore ianei he mata, ki te Kāore hua i roto i te ahotea i runga i te whakatikatikanga hua.

Ka taea e mana rererangi e aunoa, āhua-aunoa, me te ā-. Ki te he tangata mā te whakamahi i te mana uaua hanga te mahi o te whakamätau i taputapu, ka karanga i te taua pūnaha mana te ā (ture tika o te Ōseni).

kia hydromechanical aunoa ranei Systems ki whakahaere ā-. I roto i te meka, i kitea e matou i roto e te parirau o te rererangi e whai wāhi nui i roto i te whakahaere. I roto i te engines rererangi tautuhinga taketake whakamana mā te whakamahi i rua ngā pūrere whakamätau kinematic ture kaha, me te whakahau displacement kauwhiti rua mīhini waea me te mana papa.

Ki te mahi te pairati i te mīhini e tikanga o tikanga me ngā pūrere whakarato me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te whakamätau i tukanga, ka karanga te pūnaha mana āhua-aunoa te. pairati anake whakahaere he rōpū o ngā wāhanga whaiaro-mahi, e hanga, me te taui i te ope tuitui me ngā āhuatanga whakawhetai ki te pūnaha aunoa.

matatini

Mana te tikanga o te poari turanga Ōseni huaina whakaaro matatini me whakaaro, i nei actuates te pairati i te tikanga o te whakatikatika, te huri aratau rere mīhini whakataurite ranei i roto i te aratau tomu'a. Ēnei ngā urungi, ailerons, stabilizer te whakarite. Elements whakarite atu wahi mana whakarerekētanga (ngā paki, kaipahua, kākaho), ka karanga parirau mechanization mana pŭpŭ tauturu ranei.

Ko te turanga fakafekau'aki pūnaha o te Ōseni ngā:

• whakahau hua ki ai nga mahi pairati, neke ratou me te tono kaha ki a ratou;
• Special tikanga, actuators me ngā pūrere aunoa;
• te whakamätau i waea honotanga te pūnaha mana turanga ki te kauwhiti whakahau.

whakahaere whakatinana

Te pairati mahi mana roa, i.e. taui te koki te ware, te faahuri ioka i tahaki ranei ratou. Tahuri i te wira urungi ki te maui ranei tika, me te faahuri i te ailerons, ngā te pairati te mana lateral, lurched te motokā tītaha. Ki te hūnuku pana te pairati urungi i runga i nga taumanu, e kua whakamahia hoki ki te whakahaere i te taputapu ihu taunga i roto i ngā nekehanga kaipuke i runga i te whenua.

I roto i te whānui, i te pairati ko te hononga matua i roto i te buka haapiiraa, me te pūnaha mana āhua-aunoa, me nga paki, ailerons me ētahi atu wāhanga o te rererangi - te reira noa te ara ki te tiki a tawhio noa. kite Pilot me tukanga mōhiohio i runga i te tūranga o te motokā, me urungi, ngāwari, hanga he whakatau, me te mahi i runga i nga hua o te whakahau.

whakaritenga

Me te whakatau waka rererangi mana Basic nga whakaritenga e whai ake nei:

1. A, no te whakahaere i te kaupapa o nga waewae mīhini me ringa o te pairati e hiahiatia ana ki te hūnuku i te kauwhiti o whakahau, me ōrite te reflexes tangata tūturu e puta ina pupuri i te toenga. Te neke te kakau whakahau i roto i te aronga tika kia meinga i te kaupapa o "manu parahi" i roto i te ahunga kotahi.
2. Ōseni tauhohenga ki te kauwhiti whakahau displacement kia waiho he takaware iti.
3. I te wa o nga mea mana ine (urungi, ailerons, a na i runga i) tono kaha ki kia nui haere āta te kakau whakahau: Me ratou ki kia whakahaua ki te huarahi i te ritenga ki te kaupapa o ringa me uara mahi kia ruruku ki te mihini o aratau rere. tauturu te whakamutunga te pairati ki te tiki i te "tikanga o te mana" rererangi.
4. kia mahi puringa takitahi o ia atu: he ine, hei tauira, e kore e meinga te ararewa he deflection o nga ailerons, a hurihia.
5. E hiahiatia ana te koki o te displacement o ngā mata mana ki te whakarite e te tūponotanga o rere mihini i roto i te vzlotnyh me taunga aratau e hiahiatia katoa.

Te ti'aturi nei tatou i kua i āwhina i tēnei tuhinga matau koutou te whakaaro o te ailerons me ki matau i te mana taketake "nga manu maitai".