Barbara Radziwill: biography, portrait, kōrero

I roto i te aamu o Europe taea tatau kaua e nui ake i te tatini tangata hītori tūturu, kua whai pānga te taua maha o pūrākau rite ki te wahine o Kingi Sigismund II Akuhata tona ingoa.

Barbara Radziwill, kua aroaro i raro nei haurongo, kua meinga te huru matua o maha patere, rotarota me ngā whakaari. I muri mai, i roto i te rau tau 20, te hītori o te aroha mo tona arii Polish toutou faauruhia filmmakers ki te waihanga i tētahi kiriata whaiāipo e pā ana ki o te te whakarau "Lithuanian Juliet."

tau wawe

whanau Barbara i roto i Hakihea 1520, ka ko te tamahine o te tycoon Lithuanian kaha Yury Radziwill. i pera rawa e taea e te tautuhi i te Bass ōrite kaipakuha tino ki te mea he tokomaha nga kingi Pākehā mahue he tukufakaholo o Dauphin tona utuafare.

ka mau nga mātua tiaki o te mātauranga o te kotiro. I roto i ngā, kua mohiotia ai e puritia reira 6 reo, tae atu te reo Kariki,. I tua atu, i whakaako Barbara painting, pāngarau, eke hoiho, geography, Play mea whakatangi, teolosia, ko D. na i runga i. Ko te kupu, i te wa, i te whakaaro he kotiro o te tau, ko Barbara Radziwill tetahi o nga wahine tino mātauranga o tona wa, e matau, tutuki nga whakaritenga katoa o te Pākehā Renaissance.

faaipoiporaa tuatahi

I roto i te puna o 1537, i te tau o 17 tau, ka Barbara Radziwill te wahine o Kaute Stanislas Gashtold. ko he tama a te tumuaki kāwanatanga o te rangatiratanga o Poland me Lithuania tana tahu, ka e pā ana ki a ia, ara e mea ana i ko ia atu kaha atu i to ratou ariki.

I roto i te 5 tau, o ta te faaipoiporaa, i whakapono te wahine taitamariki i te taurite ki a ia tana tahu, ahakoa tukinotia ano ia ia tino makariri. Kia e rite kia reira, nga tamariki kihai i hoatu e ia whanau, na te hau e pā ana ki tona pākoko, me e ko ia he makutu, he aha e kore e hoatu e te Ariki tona uri. Ano, ka i taea e te tau torutoru ki te papa-i roto i-ture, a ka kitea rawatia ake, me te ohorere mate, ka riro te tane o Countess Gashtold te kawekawe korero marae e ko ia he poisoner.

I te marae o Sigismund August

E ai ki nga ture o te wa, i te pouaru ki te mutu i te ao, me te anake ki te tangi tana tane. I roto i tenei wā, he tokomaha ka hiahia i roto i te pātai o te wahi me te ki nei i ora ai Barbara Radziwill, tanu Stanislaus Gashtold. Ka rite ki tahuri reira i roto i, i mahue ia i te whare, a haere ana te wahine ki Vilna, i reira noho ia i roto i te whare o tona teina - Nicholas Ginger.

I muri i te 5 tau o pouaru timata Barbara Radziwill ki te haere ahiahi, pōro a ka mohio ki te tama a te Polish Kingi Sigismund Akuhata. Grand Duke kotahi i te kuru i runga i te ataahua me te hanga Barbara tana pononga o te honore o tana wahine, a Erihapeti Habsburg. Young ataahua roa pakanga, a hohoro ka tona rangatira, rawa rite i whakawaia rawa ia ona ritenga me tohu tamau o te aro. Hei whai take ki te whakatau atu pinepine ki Basey, karapotia ia e kore anake te pouaru teina, ko tona whanaunga te Kingi - Nikolai Radziwill te Black.

take

Huna i te take i te kanohi o te marae kihai i ohie, na mahue Barbara i Vilna i whare tona tane o, kua ka nei ki reira e tika o te tauatanga. Tirohia atu e kore i tou tino matao te whakahaputia o Sigismund, a ka timata ia ki te haere atu i runga i ngā rā, fakamoleki maha haora i roto i te nohoanga, ahakoa o te rangi, me te wa o te tau.

A, no te timata i te pūrākau e Barbara me te kainga ki te torona ki te mea, ara i roto i nga wahi tino mamao o te kingitanga, he wahine tutaki teina ki tona aroha, ka ui pai ki te whakatau ki a ia, kia rite ki meinga ratou kino, me te ki tona ingoa te kororia o to ratou utuafare.

i takoha Sigismund ki hoatu te papa ki te karo i ofati Barbara, engari ngaro tona hiahia me zest mo te ora. I tua atu, i mua i i rongo ai nga hau e pā ana ki ona pakimaero, e tamata ia e kore e ki te whakapono ki reira. Ka rite ki hoki Barbara, i wehi o te riri o te katoa-kaha, me te kino Kuini Bona Sforza ia - whaea o Sigismund, nei i mohiotia rite te poisoner me te whanoke.

Ko ara uaua atu te āhuatanga ka ka te reira mohiotia ai tana wahine ko ora tonu, no te timata te Duke Grand o tona whaea ki te tono tangata ai i roto i te rapu o te wahine hou mo te kainga, kia rite i roto i te faaipoiporaa ki Erihapeti o Habsburg, a ia kahore tamariki.

korero Barbara e pā ana ki ona mau mana'o mo Sigismund teina, a fakatokanga ratou ia e ki te i haere ia ki te whawhai mo tona aroha, e tatari ana mo tona ati.

Ko te mate o Grand Duchess

Me ahau mea ai ko te marena o Sigismund Elizabeth Habsburg dynastic, engari i huna whanaunga o te wahine marena hou i te wa i ia e te wahine marena hou - epileptichka. Reira e kore tonu e whakapumautia ranei ko te tāpiritanga i te nganatanga kōhurutanga āta whakaritea ranei tenei, engari kotahi ra hinga atu te wahine taitamariki he hoiho, a mate he marama torutoru i muri mai. mea te rota i e te mate o Elizabeth - ko te hua o nga ravea o tona whaea i roto i te ture.

Na, kahore haukotia e marenatia Sigismund te tuarua wa, me te haere tonu whare Jagiellonian, mai ko ia tona māngai whakamutunga o te tane. I te wa ano, i mohio ia e tona whaea-i roto i-ture e kore e rite ki makona ki te wahine taua, Barbara Radziwill, kihai nei i i rerekē mahaki me te hiahia ki te whakarongo ki te pai ai o te tangata ko reira, ki te kahore hoki te tangata ia aroha.

marena

Hei pana Sigizmunda Yagellona ki te tango i nga kaupae whakatakotoria, ka whakaurua i te take o ona teina. Ratou te whakapae haere i runga i te hopu me te hanga tino e ako ia e pā ana ki reira. hohoro faahiahia Grand Duke i runga i te rā ki Bass, a ka wahia ki te whare moenga rua Radziwills ki hoari unu. ui ratou e marena tonu ia ia, ka kawea ki te ruma o te tohunga o te. a Sigismund ki te whakarongo ki, engari ka ui ia ki te pupuri i te marena i te ngaro.

Heoi te roa e kore e taea e te tokorua te huna i te meka te marena. whawhati tenei tupuhi i ka ako te tama te faaipoiporaa Bona Sforza. i whakakikitia e ia tana tahu, te kingi ki te hanga kaha katoa ki te whakakahore i te marena o Sigismund. I aru tenei e te mea te mau metua kihai i titau i tana tama, kihai ia ki te tuku ki a ratou i pai ai, a ka mea i haere ia ki te ora ki te koroheketanga, Barbara Radziwill.

Ko te rironga ki te torona

E kore te mea i mohiotia e founga ki te whakawhanake atu i te hui, ki te mate 1 Paengawhāwhā 1548 I. Sigmund he torutoru ra i muri mai ka haere mai tetahi kingi hou i te hui o te Lithuanian Seimas ka kauwhautia tana faaipoiporaa, tono ki te mohio ki Barbara Radziwill Lithuanian Grand Duchess. whakaae nga kawana ki pai, no te mea uhinga e whakakaha ana te reira i to ratou mana i roto i te Commonwealth, Sigismund me tana wahine i mahue mo Poland mo te koroneihana. I reira, e hiahiatia ana te arii hou i hanga ki te whakatutuki ano āhukahuka o te mana o Barbara. Heoi, i tenei whakamatauria uaua. Ko te take i te mau melo o te o te Diet o te Commonwealth whakaaro te marena o Kingi taea, me te fakamā mo Poland. I roto i ngā, ātete te whakatau taua toru tycoons nui. Ko tētahi o ratou ara i huaina te Kuini te kairau, meinga taunu ki tana tane.

Na ka tuturi te mau melo katoa o te Seimas, a inoi Zygmunt (Sigmund) i roto i August ki whakarere i te marena. ohorere whakaaturia ngoikore, me te wehi Kingi u faahiahia a kihai ki te wahi ki tona aroha.

Mother i roto i te ture ki a ia te tamahine

Hei tere te haumi i taea e kore noa Bona Sforza, e, rite tonu, whanoke te raranga ki te tama a tana wahine tuarua. Ahakoa ona mau tautooraa katoa, anake te mea kua tutuki te reira - te reira pahua pae hopea whanaunga ki Sigismund Akuhata.

Ko te hunga e kite i te whakaahua o Barbara Radziwill, ka whakaae e kore e mea he wahine kaha. Heoi, i muri i te ako e pā ana ki te ātete o te gentry Polish, kihai whakapehapeha ia te tika ki te torona. Neke atu i te wa, whakakeke te mau melo o te Seimas me nga rangatira iti, a ka karaunatia Barbara.

mate

Kia aroha mai, te kōrero whaiāipo Barbary Radzivill - e kore te mea he korero patupaiarehe ki te faahopearaa oaoa.

I muri 5 anake marama i muri i te koroneihana, i tau 30, i mate ia o te mate unknown i Wawel Castle. Mai i kaha te wahine, a whakanuia hauora pai, tamata katoa ki te matau he aha mate Barbara Radziwill. ko te nuinga i te mau melo o te hanahana o te whakaaro i kawa reira Bona Sforza. Kei te tino plausible, rawa i homai tenei putanga e haere mai te muri i te utuafare Italian pai, mohiotia i roto i te hononga ki te aroha o ona ngā mema ki paihana me taero.

I tua atu, ka mate te kuini taitamariki he mate mamae. puta rite wawe rite 2 marama i muri i te marena i te tohu tuatahi o te mate, engari riro rongoā mō te pākoko pēnei ratou. Na ka anga te mate ki te ahu whakamua me te mutu te mamae roa, i roa e rave rahi haora, i roto i nei mamae ia i runga i te mamae kaha. I roto i nga ra whakamutunga o te ora o te tinana o kuini katoa i hipoki ki te tuwhenua hakihaki wehingia i nei ahu te piro. Otiia, kihai i te tane waiho te moenga Basenki aroha, tumanako hoki tona whakaora. ka karanga ia i runga i te awhina o whakamarama hauora katoa o Europe, engari i tangata kua taea e kore anake ki te whakaora Barbara, a tae noa whakahaere tona mamae taehae.

tanumanga

I mua i tona mate, Barbara, ka ui ia tana tahu ki a ia tinana tanumia i roto i Krakow Wawel Cathedral, me te tahi atu kingi Polish me a ratou wahine. Ko kua reira hei aha te rerenga whakamutunga o te Ekalesia o St. Stanislaus mua.

Wairua Barbary Radzivill

kihai te kingi i taea wareware ana tino taonga Basia, a hanga hoa ki ona tuakana, e noho ana i roto i te whare i roto i Nesvizh. e ai ta Poutohu o Barbara Radziwill i kawea kotahi ia ki a ia he spiritist Pan Twardowski, nei i korero ai ki te karanga i te wairua o ana wahine mate.

opani makutu te kingi ki te pa ki te kēhua, ki te kitea e ratou i te reira. puta te wairua o Barbara ki Sigismund i meka, Heoi, ko te tane oaoa, i roto i te noa'tu o inoi katoa tangata makutu tamata ki te tomo ki roto ki te whakakitenga i roto i tona ringa.

E ai ki te kōrero, e tika ana ki maumaui o te wairua waipiro spiritist ake ka Barbara he herehere o te whare rangatira i roto i Nesvizh. I roto i tenei take, ka korerotia e Pan Twardowski te kingi e te mea e mate ia i roto i te wahi kotahi, whakakotahi ake ratou wairua. Ko ia tino hari, ka takoto ai ka waiho i te reira na. Otiia mau mate ia ohorere i pa tetahi, me te wairua o Barbara, e mohiotia ana ko te wahine Black, a ka wehi te iwi ki tenei ra. Kihai kitea takoto me te wairua Sigismund Akuhata, e kotiti te pa mokemoke o Krakow, tumanako ki te whakahui ki tona aroha.

kingi Meni

Te mea faahiahia, te whakahaere i te whaea o tona Sigismund ki marena i te toru o te wa, ka whiriwhiria e tuahine o te wahine marena hou Elizabeth Habsburg - Katerina. Ko te faaipoiporaa poto-ora, me te kore i hoatu e uri, ahakoa noa tamata i tetahi atu wahine ki te whakatau i te hapūtanga. No te mea o te tinihanga timata Kingi whakahaerenga whakarere, te tuku i tana wahine kāinga.

I roto i nga tau tata nei, karapotia te ora o Sigismund August II ia ki Maki me tahuna ana, a ka mate i roto i te ruma, i te kopaki ki te kakahu mangu, pera i roto i te reira tonu ia ki te whakapouri hoki tona aroha, ki hiahia nei ki te kia toe fakataha i muri te mate.

"Epitaph hoki Barbara Radziwill"

Ka rite ki kua kī, i roto i te rau tau 20 kua toutou tamata ki kiriata te aamu aroha whaiāipo o Sigismund ki te ataahua o Basho. Ko tētahi o te rongonui tino ko te pikitia, i roto i nei Barbara Radziwill puta i mua i te minenga i roto i te puka o tetahi o nga toni tino ataahua o 80s Polish (whakaahua i te kiriata, kite i runga.) - Anny Dymny. tukua te kiriata i roto i 1982, me te ko te putanga kiriata poto o te raupapa TV rongonui "Kuini Bona". huaina te peita i "Epitaph mo Barbara Radziwill" ka ko he angitu nui.

whakapono tokomaha iwi pakeke e te whakapakoko i hanga i runga i te mata Ae Anna - ehara i te mea i te pai Barbara Radziwill. Te kiriata, koperea i Poland i 1936, i roto i to ratou whakaaro, ko angitu ake, kia rite ki te tūranga matua i roto i reira ka haere ki te ataahua Jadwiga Smosarska me Sigismund Akuhata II takaro Witold Zacharewicz. ka mate te whakamutunga i roto i Auschwitz, i i hoki āwhina Hurai i roto i te Holocaust.

Ko te whakapakoko i roto i te toi

Barbara Radziwill, pikitia i te kiriata e pā ana ki e kua kite kē koe neke atu i te 5 rau tau, i ngā te tokonga o toi, kaitito me kaituhi. I oti rawa ia ki nga mahi o Playwrights Polish Venzhika F. ko A. Felinskogo, whakaari J. Grinyusa me Lithuanian kaituhi tuhi me te Pilitānia Yuri Grushasa.

I tua atu, kei te whakapaipai i te whare taonga o whenua rerekē ki peita Voytseha Gersona ko Yana Mateyko, me ētahi atu, I pai rite busts o Barbara Radziwill kaituhi unknown, e taea te kite i roto i te whare o Ursynów i Warsaw me Olessky Castle.

Na e matau ana koutou te wahi noho ia, Barbara Radziwill, me pehea ia ka tutaki tona aroha kingi, a ka mohio koe ki nga kōrero o to ratou romance, e meinga tonu āwangawanga i roto i huru tairongo.